Communication accommodation theory and face-negotiation theory supply principles that guide actions while communicating with one another within a diverse community. The melting pot of the United States contains a deeply diverse community that these theories apply to every single person. In order to live in a communication stable nation we need to accommodate others with our behaviors, we need to evade conflict and let the Lord handle it. Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep. Be of the same mind one toward another. Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate. Be …show more content…
Accommodation is “the constant movement toward or away from others by changing your communicative behavior” (Griffin, 2012). Communication accommodation theory gives two accommodating strategies that illustrate the human tendency to adjust their behavior while interacting. Convergence “is a strategy by which you adapt your communication behavior in such a way as to become more similar to another person” (Griffin, 2012). This strategy can include speech pace, tone, pitch, and nonverbal behaviors. This type of accommodation is employed to match the receiver of a message in hopes of better being understood or to gaining approval. Divergence is another strategy that is “a communication strategy of accentuating the differences between your and another person” (Griffin, 2012). This is the contrast of convergence because this strategy allows people to retain their identity within the conversation. This tactic is often employed in debates or when people are expressing their differences. This theory helps to define how commutators adapt to one another which benefit the understanding of the dynamics of speech behavior. There is an underlying appreciation to accommodate people when conversing, with this method the message can be relayed …show more content…
This theory helps to recognize how the different cultures throughout the world respond to conflict when their face is at risk. This theory asserts that “specific verbal and nonverbal messages that help to maintain and restore face loss, and to uphold and honor face gain” (Griffin, 2012), is called facework. Your behaviors, actions, reactions, and messages are all a part of the facework concept. When a person’s identify is called into question it may lead to conflict and the face-negotiation theory explains the different ways people respond to conflict. Ting-Tommey, the theorist responsible for the face-negation theory has divided cultures into two groups, the collectivism and the individualism cultures; these are the different ways that members of the culture see themselves. Theorist Triandis believes that Japanese culture values community rather than self-identify whereas American culture values individualism. Thus, “Ting-Toomey built her theory around the foundational idea that people from collectivistic/high-context cultures are different in the way they manage face and conflict situations than individualistic/ low-context cultures” (Griffin, 2012). This theory emphasizes five conflict managing events that are used in response to situations where conflicts arise; they are avoiding, obliging,
The need to understand each other better and live in harmony is a reality and must be approached using multiple techniques including conversations. We must talk to each other to smooth out or differences and embrace our common attributes. Most conflicts are resolved after some form of dialogue. To stop discrimination or negative stereotyping of individuals or groups of people we should try to embrace conversations which will eventually lead to new laws that can protect the basic human rights of people and allow for people to be true to themselves without having to hide, cover or pretend to be what they are not,.Yoshino suggests using “reason-forcing conversations to address people forced to cover”(557) this conversations should occur informally and intimately in settings such as restaurants and should underscore certain reasons which include illegitimate issues such as homo phobia opining that such discourse are where tolerance can be made or unmade. The laws that govern our society should be dynamic allowing for changes that accommodate our human sensitivity and allow us to live together in better harmony with each other and our
The concept of face is referring to the socially approved self-image. It is about honor and shame belief and value systems. Facework is the verbal and nonverbal interactions we use in regards to our own social self-image and the social image of others.
...cknowledgment of differences is realistic because no two people have the same morals and values that do not dispute. This shows that civility and trusts shows tolerances for others' discord and looks for answers to address each problem and conflict. With the application of accommodation, society will have more advantages to prosper due to the idea that the public will work together.
They are often referred to as modern classics. The essay on face-work can be considered as an expansion of Goffman’s previous works on interaction and is included in this series. Summary Goffman refers to his essay on face-work as ‘An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction’ (Goffman, p.5). He essentially sets out to prove to the reader that social interaction is a ritual game that we act out and play by the rules. The author provides us with some new vocabulary, including terms and phrases which identify forms of social interaction....
I think it is important to experience both ends of the communication spectrum in order to really appreciate the benefits of having good communication skills. After observing and writing this paper, it really pushes me to better my own skills, and appreciate those of others.
This theory has been subject to many articles and studies in the communication and social departments. Indeed, studying this theory can help us understanding human relations in interpersonal communication. Each of us has been one day confronted to uncertainty, whereas in initial encounters, or moving to a new a new place, or beginning a new work.
In the world of communication, there are many theories which describe different ways people communicate. According to Doctor Thomas Hanitzsch, an associate professor of communication at the University of Munich in Germany, “Communication Theory is an international forum publishing high quality, original research into the theoretical development of communication from across a wide array of disciplines” (“Communication Theory”). A specific communication theory that will be highlighted is the Face-Negotiation theory developed by Stella Ting-Toomey. Simply stated, Dr. Ting-Toomey suggests that conflict is a consequence of identity management on an individual and cultural level, and occurs when an individual or group’s face is threatened. Similarly, people from individualistic, low context cultures interact differently from collectivist, high context cultures. This means that “people from collectivistic cultures with an interdependent self-image are concerned with giving ‘other-face’ or ‘mutual face,’ so they adopt a conflict style of ‘avoiding or integrating’” (Griffin “List”). Likewise, “people from individualistic cultures with an independent self-image are concerned with protecting self-face, so they adopt a conflict style of ‘dominating’” (Griffin “List”).
Higher social status or power and commonalities between the individuals may explain why they are willing to do so. In attempt to demonstrate associative behavior, these individuals will partake in accommodation. According to the Communication Accommodation Theory, the interactants converge either upward or downward, unimodal or multimodal, or symmetrical or asymmetrical in order to adapt to the conversational setting (Zhang & Imamura, 2017). For instances, adults would speak slowly and use simple vocabulary when talking with children. In A Class Divided, the teacher would converge downward for her third-grade students to understand the
The Communication Accommodation Theory states when people interact they alter their speech to fit in or accommodate for others. CAT describes the psychological, social, and linguistic behaviors that people exhibit when communicating with each other (Coupland, Coupland, Giles, Henwood, 1988). Each individual has his or her own personality and motivation when involved in a conversation, this attribute is reflected in how the individual speaks, listens and then responds to the other person involved in the conversation. According to this theory, communication between two people can at any time be adjusted by either party in response to actual, perceived, or stereotyped expectations of the other person (Coupland, et al., 1988). This means that either party can change their communication style based on what they feel or pick up on during the conversation.
Theories of Communications, is a course that allowed me to further gain a far better perspective and has also broadened my understanding and knowledge of some of the major theories. I appreciate the fact, that during the course of the semester, this class really did an admirable job introducing me to a variety of well known and widely studied theories in the communication feild. One of the biggest things I took out of this class, was how the class impled me to learn how to apply some of the theories to my life in a practical way through some of the class activities, readings, group work, presentations, and assignments. In the following paper, there will be three main things I will be covering. I will start off by introducing all members of my family, and describing a little bit about them individually. I will then be talking about the five theories I selected that I can applyto myself and my family. I will then describe each of the five theories, give an example of my own families experiance that aplies to the theories, and give an analysis of the experiance using the theory. And lastly, I will share with you my conclucion, which will conclude basically all of the things that I learned through writing this paper.
In interpersonal communication there are many theories that are similar yet different in many ways. The theories can be combined to describe people and how those people interact and communicate with each other. Many of these theories help explain how people in society form impressions of others, how they maintain these impressions, why people interact with certain people in society, and how people will use these impressions that they have formed later on in life. These theories also help people to better understand themselves, to better understand interpersonal communication, and to better understand people in general. There are two theories in interpersonal communication that, despite their differences, can go hand in hand. The first is interaction adaptation theory and the second is emotional contagion theory. These two theories’ similarities and differences and their relevance to my everyday life will be discussed in this paper. These two theories are very important in understanding how people interact with others and why people do the things they do sometimes.
The opportunity for universal application of the Communication Accommodation Theory gives the field of Communication Studies a method of objectively analyzing conversational strategies and motivations both of which are considered to be overwhelmingly subjective. The ways in which communicators of different cultures perceive one and other [as individuals or members of a group] varies greatly even in a two-person interaction. The number of cultural identifications one certain individual might possess may be numerous, and already makes structured analysis of their communication choices in an interaction difficult. By guiding the process of conducting research with CAT, researchers are able to analyze the communication behaviors of any set of cultural communicat...
Many people who go to visit or work in another country suffer some misunderstanding from the local people, because they have a different culture. Different culture will cause disparity points of view about almost everything. In the article, Intercultural Communication Stumbling Blocks by Laray M. Barna, there are five stumbling blocks mentioned that are seen in a cross-culture communication. These blocks are: language, nonverbal signs and symbols, preconceptions and stereotypes, the tendency to evaluate and high anxiety. Barna wants to use these stumbling blocks to show the common blockades between different cultures. I agree with what she thinks about the language, nonverbal signs and symbols, preconceptions and stereotypes, and the tendency
One basic context of communication is interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication can be defined as “the ongoing, ever- ch...
Our world is constantly changing and it requires a society that is well versed in understanding the problems deriving from culture differences and tolerance of one another’s beliefs and perceptions. We are dealing with systemic problems in education, economic, government, religion and culture differences.