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Teaching in the clinical setting
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1. Clinical teaching is a time limited process whereby the teacher and student create an established partnership within a shared environment in such a way that the teacher’s primary, operational frame of reference is maintained as the legitimate means for affecting the student’s behavior toward intended purposes (Carr, 1984,). 2.Clinical teaching lies at the heart of medical education but there is concern about maintaining good clinical teaching in contemporary, pressured health care environment. (Learning and teaching in the clinical environment; Clinical teaching: maintaining an educational role for doctors in the new health care environment). 3. It is important to provide role models and make good practice visible by effective clinical teaching. (Clinical teaching: maintaining an educational role for doctors in the new health care environment). 4.Clinical teachers can use small group teaching techniques to facilitate …show more content…
About rules, punishments and rewards in education If the medical students cannot make hand washing as a habit after repeat learning, they may not able to do hand washing without reward and punishment. (The implications of Behaviorism and Humanism theories in medical education.) However, the behaviorism theory is advantageous when a change in behavior is the desired outcome of an educational intervention. (The implications of Behaviorism and Humanism theories in medical education) The behaviorism theory is useful for the newly graduated students to learn hand washing as a habit. Although the behavior change is mainly through reward or punishment, learning does take place for someone with poor self-regulatory skill. Hand washing is a strait forward and observable behavior, which not inclusive of complicated mental and cognitive process. Students may learn hand-washing behavior through reinforcement according to
Medical school and teaching hospital leaders, educators, providers, and researchers operate in an environment that is more chall...
It will seek to demonstrate the appropriateness in supporting the patient and their family, whilst reflecting upon personal experience, and how literature may influence the healing effectiveness. The factors that enhance and inhibit the learning environment will be explored and suggested techniques to improve clinical learning will also be discussed. Finally the nurse-patient learning relationship will be explored along with the application of teaching and learning strategies will be examined.
In order to be effective as a health care educator, a basic knowledge and understanding of health behavior theories is crucial to working with patients, students and colleagues alike. Theories help the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) to assess the basic educational needs of the client and develop interventions to address those needs. The behavioral and social sciences have contributed much to the development of health behavior theories. (O'Connell, p. 33). Several models will be discussed here.
Factors that may affect the perceived effectiveness of the leadership styles in clinical teaching may extend to leaders’ mentorship abilities and the pupils’ learning styles. This may include utilising inappropriate pedagogical or andragogical frameworks that are not conducive to the student nurse. Research suggests that most clinical educators will revert to previous educational forms, and will utilise pedagogical theory, inclusive of quizzes etc., which are considered too behaviourist for the contemporary nursing student, whom may require andragogical approaches which provide student-focused methods, and is considered an effective framework in nursing education (McKee & Billman, 2011). Additionally, this may extend to utilising didactic direction, Socratic methods or heuristic models that do not adhere to the students’ learning styles (Eniko, 2013) or needs and neglect to maximise the engagement or comprehension of the pupil (DaRosa, et al.,
...s in this field. Behaviorism can be used to improve our understanding of children and the learning process. However, factors other than environmental need to be taken into account. Children’s natural curiosity, prior knowledge, and early nurturing also play important roles in how children learn and behave (education website).
Psychology covers a huge field and one interesting aspect of it is personality. Personality by itself involves various issues. Some aspects are Psychoanalytic, Ego, Biological, Behaviorist, Cognitive, Trait, and Humanistic. Different types of behaviors are amazing to learn about, mainly the behavior therapy, collective behavior, crime and punishment, and Social behavior and peer acceptance in children. I chose Behaviorism over the other aspects because I believe behavior determines human personality and is very interesting. You can tell what one is by his behavior, and one behaves according to what place he has in society. By doing this paper on Behavior, I hope to get a better understanding of, if behavior develops a personality or if personality guides behavior. I also see behaviorism helping me in the future with my personal and professional career by understanding human personality and behavior better than I do. No matter what your major is, if you can determine one's personality by his behavior you can really get your work done from that person and understand the better than you would otherwise. This person could be your employee or your employer. Behavior Therapy Behavior therapy is the application of experimentally derived principles of learning to the treatment of psychological disorders. The concept derives primarily from work of Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov. Behavior-therapy techniques differ from psychiatric methods, particularly psychoanalysis, in that they are predominately symptom (behavior) oriented and shows little or no concern for unconscious processes, achieving new insight, or effecting fundamental personality change. The U.S. psychologist B.F. Skinner, who worked with mental patients in a Massachusetts State hospital, popularized behavior therapy. From his work in animal learning, Skinner found that the establishment and extinction of responses can be determined by the way reinforces, or rewards, are given. The pattern of reward giving, both in time and frequency, is known as a schedule of reinforcement. The gradual change in behavior in approximation of the desired result is known as shaping. More recent developments in behavior therapy emphasize the adaptive nature of cognitive processes. Behavior-therapy techniques have been applied with some success to such disturbances as enuresis (bed-wetting), tics, phobias, stutteri...
I believe placing student nurses in the clinical setting is vital in becoming competent nurses. Every experience the student experiences during their placement has an educative nature therefore, it is important for the students to take some time to reflect on these experiences. A specific situation that stood out to me from my clinical experience was that; I didn’t realize I had ignored the patient’s pain until I was later asked by the nurse if the patient was in any pain.
Behaviorism is the study of human and animal behavior. The idea behind behaviorism is that behavior is altered by stimuli in the environment and can be reinforced by reward or punishment. Behaviorism can be dated back to the 1800’s and has been studied by many psychologists. But the term behaviorism was known to be brought on by psychologist, John Watson, who wrote the article, “Psychology as the behaviorist views it”, that claimed behaviorism should be considered a natural science, rather than a theory. (Malone 2014) In Watson’s eyes “Psychology should embrace behavior as it’s subject matter and rely on experimental observation of that subject matter as its method” (Moore 2011)
This week’s clinical experience has been unlike any other. I went onto the unit knowing that I needed to be more independent and found myself to be both scared and intimidated. However, having the patients I did made my first mother baby clinical an exciting experience. I was able to create connections between what I saw on the unit and the theory we learned in lectures. In addition, I was able to see tricks other nurses on the unit have when providing care, and where others went wrong. Being aware of this enabled me to see the areas of mother baby nursing I understood and areas I need to further research to become a better nurse.
Behaviorism was developed to study observable behavior. Because behaviorism describes the learning process it is also known as the learning theory. Behaviorists indicate that learning and development progress over time, and that the process is due to natural behavior guidelines that control responses and actions. Behaviorism theorists explain conditioning as a response that is paired with a specific stimuli, and thus learning begins. The two types of conditioning are classical and operant. These two types of theories are different in many ways, but are also extremely similar.
There are many intriguing branches of psychology, but behaviorism captured many aspiring psychologists and young minds in the 1920s and 1930, and has been the dominant orientation since the mid 30s. Behaviorism was the radical revision of the method of psychological research. Consciousness was not accepted at the time and behaviorism called for the ban of introspection. Behaviorism is a branch of psychology that started with John B. Watson’s “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it.” Even though considered innate, researching this topic will show behavior is learned more by environmental factors through modeling and observing. The founder, Watson, created classical conditioning, and later B.F. Skinner contributed with operant conditioning. Watson’s evidence was his most famous experiment, the “Little Albert Experiment.”
Standridge, M.. (2002). Behaviorism. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved May 9, 2012 from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/
Behaviorism known as learning theory states that the reason why people think, act, and feel the way they do is because they learned it. John Watson in 1913 started this movement claiming that learning wasn’t just about our neutrons or your genes. It’s believed that all behavior is learned from surrounding behaviors and behavior is a result of stimulus and response. Behaviorism is also scientific but ignores biology, it has many experiments to support its theories and is highly applicable in therapy. There are three ways to apply behaviorism, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning.
Overall, Behaviorism is an important topic in today’s society. Although the main focus was in the 20th century, Behaviorism is still talked about today by many psychologists. Three important figures like Watson, Pavlov and Skinner were only a few that came up with their own experiments in order to prove that behaviorism all depends on observable behavior. Hence, Behaviorism is known to be behaviors that are acquired through conditioning in the
Behaviorism is defined as a school of psychology that takes the objective evidence of behavior (as measured responses to stimuli) as the only concern of its research and the only basis of its theory without reference to conscious experience (Merriam-Webster). B.F skinner, Ivan Pavlov and John B. Watson are known as the fathers’ of behaviorism. They all had a different prospective on what makes someone learn, the one thing they had in common is reinforcement methods. Their experiments did have enough true findings to spark others to want to explore how behaviorism affects learning. Behaviorists often look at learning as a characteristic of conditioning and will promote a system of prizes and targets in education.