Stacy Schiff author of Cleopatra strives through her book to denounce all historical myths surrounding Cleopatra. With the rigor of a true historian she is able to distinguish historical veracity from historical myth surrounding the queen from antiquity. The author highlights Cleopatra’s role as a powerful woman and in particular how she attempts to manage the various political or economic predicaments she faced. Stacy Schiff gives us a story that is masterfully reconstructed, allowing the reader insight into the historical context of the time- shedding new light on a woman whose greatest fault was not being a man.
Schiff paints the portrait of the last Queen of Egypt, emphasizing her strategic and political skills, as well as her influence
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on powerful Roman men and denouncing the legendary parts in the image conveyed by her adversaries. Cleopatra was not a sexual seductress, nor even exceptionally beautiful, and she would have had only two lovers: Julius Caesar and Mark Anthony.
Admittedly, passion most likely played a role in her relationship with the powerful men, but probably not as much as the political necessity of saving the declining kingdom she had inherited at the age of 18. This is at least what Stacy Schiff asserts in her book. "insert quote 7**" explains the author of this bestseller. But her power was fragile and she needed Caesar to win the civil war and claim the Egyptian throne. Conversely, the Roman emperor relied on Egypt to enrich himself and further consolidate his power.
After the assassination of Caesar, Cleopatra set her sights on Marc Anthony, who controlled the eastern Mediterranean. Her enemies labeled her a seductress, but seduction is part of diplomacy. Cleopatra knew how to entice, flatter and intimidate. When she goes to meet Mark Antony, she arrives in Tarsus on a barge dressed like Venus and surrounded by cupids. Newsweek describing the last queen of Egypt as an" independent, charismatic, ambitious woman. "She married her brothers when she needed them, she killed them when she was not," says Marie Arana in the Washington
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Post. For this one, the most fascinating in this biography is still to see "how unfair the story has been towards her": instead of remembering her strategic intelligence, the whole world has retained only her melodramatic connections and her tragic suicide that marked the end of Egypt's independence. Schiff was determined to "repair this injustice". A task that was not easy, as the sources on this period are rare and often unreliable. The ancient poets, historians and biographers who have written on Cleopatra did so more than a century after her death. They were mostly Roman, and therefore inclined to assert the superiority of Rome over Alexandria—the decadent capital of their enemies. For her dissenters, the Queen of Egypt was the demonic symbol of insatiable sexuality and forbidden love. With Stacy Schiff's book, "Cleopatra remains an Eastern seducer, but now she has a brain," – slate Schiff applying anthropology, archaeology and methodical research makes the reader reconsider their preconceived notions of Cleopatra.
She attributes her exceptional education, captivating oratory skills and intellectual abilities to have merited both the hearts of the Roman leaders. Through the latter she elevated her Empire from the path of ruin and into world supremacy, using the influence and might of the Roman Empire to do so. After all as Cleopatra displayed to have understood- Why be the conquered when you are able to be the conqueror. Read page 129
Out of the ashes of history Schiff argues for Cleopatra’s intellect rather than her maliciousness was what led to all her achievements. Politically and tacitly apt she won the hearts of a populace through the use of spectacles and dramas that painted her into a god like queen. Her creativity and audacity armored with her intellect allowed her to be revered and made both goddess and empress of an Empire to which she had no legitimate claim. Both Caesar and Mark Anthony fell helpless to her charm, intelligence and displays of opulent extravagance which were almost divine. She understood what powerful, intellectual men were attracted to. Most captivating, she was able to navigate her way through to the hearts of these powerful men who came from a different world than hers. As where her Egypt was the champion of women’s rights in antiquity, Rome was known for the polar opposite. To achieve such drastic success where her gender
rendered her repressed, Cleopatra would not of made it with plain sexuality and manipulation. She would have had to possess something far more powerful: intellect, skill and audacity.
Cleopatra’s embodiment, though, does aim for her to become “one of [them.]” Her new body fits in a very specific niche – she does not f...
Changing social habits of a contemporary society have seen Cleopatra depicted in many different ways. Whilst few artefacts remain of the true image of Cleopatra, we see from her portrait on the coins (Fear, 2008, p, 21 Fig 1.4) that despite being no legendary beauty, she had the power to captivate two of the greatest Romans of her time. Cleopatra consummated her union with Julius Caesar, which strengthened her grip on the throne, following his assassination; she formed alliance with Mark Antony, in opposition to Octavian, a coalition that would lead to her downfall as both Antony and Cleopatra’s combined forces would be defeated against Octavian in the battle of Actium in 31 BCE. (Fear, 2008, p.7)
In this research paper I will be writing about Cleopatra VII. Her early life, family and her relationships’. Cleopatra VII was born around 69 BC and was the daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes and Cleopatra V of Egypt. Her parents got married in the year 79 BC. Her father Ptolemy XII Auletes was the king of Egypt during 80-58 B.C. and 55-51 B.C. He was born in 117 BC and was also known as the “Piper” because he played the flute. He died in 51 BC, Alexandria, Egypt from being exiled. Her mother Cleopatra V was the queen of Egypt, born in 95 BC. She vanished around the time of Cleopatra’s birth in 69 BC then died in 57 BC. Some people believe she was either murdered or that she may have died while giving birth. (“Cleopatras Family”)
In Roman society a woman’s place was to care for children and the home, this was drastically different to the Celtic and Egyptian views of women’s which was far more equal (document called ancient_egypt(1) in downloads). In Celtic society women could rule, fight, inherit property, be a part of legal cases, divorce and chose who they married (although political marriages were still popular) (that sick pdf file ms newtos gave me). Similarly to this ancient Egyptian society a woman could refuse a marriage proposal, get a job, own a business, buy and sell property and women could also request a divorce (Donn L). Therefore through this one instance it has been shown that Roman’s society’s view of women was vastly different from both Celtic and Egyptian society and thus this is a reason for the Roman sources to have such a negative reaction to women such as Cleopatra and Boudicca ruling their people. Boudicca united the Iceni tribe along with various other tribes that surrounded her own. This is considered to be a good testament to her leadership skills as in Celtic culture one would generally prefer individual glory to army or group glory (pdf file ms newtos gave me). Similar to this Cleopatra showed her leadership skills through her ability to create alliances with powerful cities such as Rome
Amy Crawford the author of the article, “Who is Cleopatra?” supports this opinion with several examples from primary and secondary sources to shed light on the type of political leader she was and the motivations behind her actions. She explains that Cleopatra was a well-educated, clever, diplomat, who had deep devotion to her patriotism. Cleopatra made the effort to learn Egyptian, unlike her predecessors, among several other languages. She succeeded in ruthless power struggles with her siblings and created military alliances to maintain Egypt’s independence. Cleopatra sustained a vast,
...ined in the films Quo Vadis and Cleopatra and is compatible with their messages, while in the process is displayed as a negative thing. The incorporation of sexism and its unfavorable portrayal demonstrates the fault in such beliefs to audiences. However, in contrast, although Plutarch's Life of Antony also implies that women playing into sexist expectations is a bad thing, Plutarch appears to place the blame on women themselves and to encourages certain sexist elements to be maintained. If audiences are able to interpret how sexism plays into the great messages spread by such Ancient Roman films, perhaps audiences can learn to end the persistence of such gender inequalities in society. Perhaps if audiences learn from the directors' messages and recognize the faults in Plutarch's positive view of certain sexist elements, the fall of the misogynist empire can occur.
Cleopatra’s upbringing, specifically her education, falls under one of the influences which provided her with the necessary ...
There would be only one thing to do with them; he will take her and her children to Rome to be paraded in a victory triumph. (Ritner, 2017) She sends Caesarion with protectors she trust to hide in the east of Egypt near the Red Sea. Cleopatra first attempts to commit suicide by setting fire to the mausoleum where she collected her treasures but the roman soldiers found her entry to the mausoleum and stopped her plans, she was taken captive. Cleopatra then arranges for a poisonous snake called an asp to be smuggled to her in a basket of figs. (Antony and Cleopatra, 2017) She then commits suicide by allowing the asp to bite her on her chest. She arranged for her and Mark Antony to be buried together. This ended the sad life of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt at thirty- nine years of age. She was the last of the Ptolemy dynasty.
Was Cleopatra the reason the Egyptian Empire fell? Cleopatra's family ruled Egypt for more than one-hundred years. So maybe, her greed started way before she had a chance to choose her fate. Maybe she saw the power her father held and wanted to see what it was like to have all of the power. To be respected. To be feared. Are maybe she wasn’t the main reason the Egyptian empire fell.
Cleopatra is most often remembered as the lover of two Roman consuls, Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, thereby forever connecting the Egyptian queen to the history of Rome. The stories of her relationships with the two men do not always paint a flattering picture of Cleopatra, as her reported promiscuity and presumption give her a colorful reputation. Cleopatra is also sometimes seen as a misunderstood woman, someone who was never given a fair opportunity to be accepted as the wife of Marc Antony nor the mother of Caesar's child. Some historians and authors use the issue of Cleopatra's race as a reason that she was ostracized from Roman society, saying that the Romans were prejudiced against Egyptians, and despite Cleopatra's Greek background, would never accept her as a suitable mate for a Roman consul. This theory, however, is far outweighed by the numerous justifications the Roman people had for their distaste of Cleoaptra. It is not surprising that Cleopatra never found acceptance in Rome, as she offered nothing to the relationship between Egypt and Rome, she stood for everything they were against, and little by little, she succeeded in destroying parts of the society that the Roman people had worked to build.
The woman, by definition is the nurturer of life. She labors through birth, tends to the needs of her family, and assumes unending responsibilities. And while women have given birth to the ancient and modern day male heroes we've come to glorify to this day, we must remember that some of those same women have also been tremendously influential and invaluable all throughout the depths of history. One such woman is Cleopatra, the temptress whose ambition and seduction both augmented her empire's prestige and brought about her theatrical downfall.
All in all Cleopatra was a powerful queen who left a meaningful impact on society.
From the early years of her life, Cleopatra learned that to gain the thrown in the dynasty of the Ptolemies it took a lot more then sheer knowledge. She did however have a very good education in which she knew how to speak seven different languages and was the only Ptolemy to have know how to speak Egyptian and Greek ("The Unsolved Death of Cleopatra"). It is clear that even from such a young age Cleopatra was driven to succeed. It appears that it wasn't enough for her to just be educated, but to surpass her siblings and quite possibly her own parents. This was soon proven to be so once she inherited the throne and problems began to ensue. With the title of pharaoh came the marriage to her younger brother, though neither one was willing to share that power together. Soon after taking the throne her brother was found murdere...
Like her father, she tried to have peace with Rome and maybe even have power over them. She would gain her power by having Caesar one and only son, Caesarion, the loyalty of Marc Antony, a well-known general who was popular among the troops in Rome, and of course by using her intelligence and Egypt’s resources. Cleopatra was a successful ruler because she had a thirst for power. She gained power because she had been prepared all her life to be a successful ruler by being very educated in studies, languages, charm, and even in relationships. She studied natural sciences and mathematics all her life.
"When she first met Mark Antony she purs'd up his heart upon the river. of Cycnus", in other words she dominated him from that point on. Antony went to Egypt with his only political purpose, Rome. Over the course of time however, Cleopatra's engineering, Antony lost his. purpose.