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Racial segregation in schools essay
Racial segregation in schools essay
Martin Luther King Jr
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The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), founded by James Farmer and Baynard Rustin was influential in the way that attention was brought to The Civil Rights movement. The group’s actions which called for sit-ins and protests (non-violent direct actions) was later adopted by a coalition of other organizations in efforts to make their voices heard in the fight against discrimination and the quest for equality. Consequently, the coalition of civil rights organizations (NAACP, CORE, SNCC, and SCLC) were vital in the successes of the various sit-ins, Montgomery Bus Boycott, The March on Washington, and Selma as they were effective in bringing national attention to the issues. Most Significantly, all of the brave men and women who never wavered …show more content…
Consequently, If not for the March on Washington, Martin Luther King would not be called upon to fight against injustices across the nation. Furthermore, if not for the decisions made in Selma, and unfortunately the death of James Reeb Congress would not have been compelled to pass the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Today, as a result of all of the hard work and the strides that have been made by the Civil Rights Movement, the victory of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and The Voting Rights Act of 1965; African Americans while not completely equal or free from discrimination, are able to enjoy life in America. The voting rights of all American Citizens allow African Americans the ability to confront societal injustices face-to-face and use political force to combat them. As of today, America is more tolerant. Significantly, it is because of The Voting Rights Act of 1965 that an African American President was elected into office. In essence, you might say that African Americans have been able to partially cash the figurative check that Martin Luther King spoke …show more content…
However, the smaller successes that made these victories possible were the strategic organization of the economic boycotts, protests, marches. Specifically, Brown vs. Board of Education (Desegregation of Schools), Gayle v. Browder (Desegregated Interstate Travel), The Montgomery Bus Boycott (Desegregation of Buses), The March on Washington, The establishment of the EEOC are the Federal Victories that were achieved which granted rights to equal education, equal facilities, employment opportunities. There were several failures along the road to success such as: Constance Baker’s attempt at desegregating schools in Birmingham, the bombing of the freedom riders’ bus, the Albany Movement in 1961 as well as those that are not well documented. Additionally, the assassinations of Martin Luther King and John F. Kennedy and the many individuals that were murdered in the name of
Martin Luther King led the boycott. turned out to be an immediate success, despite the threats and violence against white people. A federal court ordered Montgomery buses. desegregated in November 1956, and the boycott ended in triumph. King led several sit-ins, this kind of movement was a success.
During this era, LBJ and the Civil Rights Bill was the main aattraction. July 2, 1964, President Lyndon Baines Johnson signed a civil rights bill that prohibited discrimination in voting, education, employment, and other areas of the American life. At this point, the American life will be changed forever. LBJ had helped to weaken bills because he felt as if it was the states job and not the goverment, but why did he change his mind? Was polictics the reason LBJ signed the Civil Rights Bill of 1964?
In the book, Colaiaco presents the successes that Dr. King achieves throughout his work for Civil Rights. The beginning of Dr. King’s nonviolent civil rights movements started in Montgomery, Alabama when Rosa Parks refused to move for a white person, violating city’s transportation rules. After Parks was convicted Dr. King, who was 26 at the time, was elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA). “For 381 days, thousands of blacks walked to work, some as many as 12 miles a day, rather than continue to submit to segregated public transportation” (18). This boycott ended up costing the bus company more than $250,000 in revenue. The bus boycott in Montgomery made King a symbol of racial justice overnight. This boycott helped organize others in Birmingham, Mobile, and Tallahassee. During the 1940s and 1950s the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) won a series of cases that helped put it ahead in the civil rights movement. One of these advancements was achieved in 1944, when the United States Supreme Court banned all-white primaries. Other achievements made were the banning of interstate bus seating segregating, the outlawing of racially restraining covenants in housing, and publicly supporting the advancement of black’s education Even though these advancements meant quite a lot to the African Americans of this time, the NAACP’s greatest accomplishment came in 1954 with the Supreme Court’s ruling in the Brown vs. Board of Education case, which overturned the Plessy vs.
“There must be the position of superior and inferior” was a statement by Lincoln which formed the basis of discrimination towards black Americans as it highlighted the attitudes of white Americans. Although civil rights for black people eventually improved through the years both socially and politically, it was difficult to change the white American view that black people are inferior to white people as the view was always enforce by the favour of having “the superior position assigned to the white race”.
Few things have impacted the United States throughout its history like the fight for racial equality. It has caused divisions between the American people, and many name it as the root of the Civil War. This issue also sparked the Civil Rights Movement, leading to advancements towards true equality among all Americans. When speaking of racial inequality and America’s struggle against it, people forget some of the key turning points in it’s history. Some of the more obvious ones are the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed slaves in the North, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s march on Washington D.C. in 1963. However, people fail to recount a prominent legal matter that paved the way for further strides towards equality.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott can be viewed as a symbol of the Civil Rights Movement as a whole, as neither one’s success was due solely to the work of the political system; a transformation in the consciousness of America was the most impactful success of both. Passionate racism ran in the veins of 1950s America, primarily in the south, and no integration law would influence the widespread belief that African Americans were the same level of human as Caucasians. The abolition of racism as a political norm had to start with a unanimous belief among blacks that they had power as American citizens; once they believed that to be true, there was no limit to the successes they could see.
...of religion, the freedom to assemble and civil rights such as the right to be free from discrimination such as gender, race, religion, and sexual orientation. Throughout history, African Americans have endured discrimination, segregation, and racism and have progressively gained rights and freedoms by pushing civil rights movement across America. This paper addressed several African American racial events that took place in our nation’s history. These events were pivotal and ultimately led to the establishment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The Civil Rights Act paved the way for future legislation that was not limited to African American civil rights and is considered a landmark piece of legislation that ending racism, segregation and discrimination throughout the United States.
Success was a big part of the Civil Rights Movement. Starting with the year 1954, there were some major victories in favor of African Americans. In 1954, the landmark trial Brown vs. The Board of Education of Topeka Kansas ruled that segregation in public education was unfair. This unanimous Supreme Court decision overturned the prior Plessy vs. Ferguson case during which the “separate but equal” doctrine was created and abused. One year later, Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr. launched a bus boycott in Montgomery Alabama after Ms. Parks was arrested for not giving up her seat in the “colored section”. This boycott, which lasted more than a year, led to the desegregation of buses in 1956. Group efforts greatly contributed to the success of the movement. This is not only shown by the successful nature of the bus boycott, but it is shown through the success of Martin Luther King’s SCLC or Southern Christian Leadership Conference. The conference was notable for peacefully protesting, nonviolence, and civil disobedience. Thanks to the SCLC, sit-ins and boycotts became popular during this time, adding to the movement’s accomplishments. The effective nature of the sit-in was shown during 1960 when a group of four black college students sat down at a Woolworth’s lunch counter in hopes of being served. While they were not served the first time they commenced their sit-in, they were not forced to leave the establishment; their lack of response to the heckling...
One hundred years after the Emancipation Proclamation was written, African Americans were still fighting for equal rights in every day life. The first real success of this movement did not come until the Brown vs. Board of Education decision in 1954 which was followed by many boycotts and protests. The largest of these protests, the March on Washington, was held on August 28, 1963 “for jobs and freedom” (March on Washington 11). An incredible amount of preparation went into the event to accommodate the hundreds of thousands of people attending from around the nation and to deal with any potential incidents.
The goals of the African American civil rights movement remained steadfast over the course of the 1960s. The movement’s objectives included the eradication of racial segregation and discrimination. There was a call for Black Americans to organize against their oppressors and demand opportunity (Document E). Desegregation of schools and public facilities was fundamental to establishing equality. Boycotts of public facilities took place in response to discriminatory behaviors. The Montgomery Bus Boycott began after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white person on a bus. In addition, sit-ins were employed to disrupt the economic activity of prejudiced businesses.
“Those who make peaceful revolution impossible will make violent inevitable. ”–John F. Kennedy. President Kennedy created a huge progression in the civil rights movement in the Late 50s and 60s, although it is just one of numerous factors. The postwar era brought up the problem of segregation and how it needed to end.
Without question the Civil Rights Movement is still in action. There has been in addition to this fight. People who love each other are being hated for loving someone of their same gender. Racism is still as strong as ever. The oppositions for this is pathetic. Mexicans, Blacks, Middle Easterners, Asians, Lesbian, Gay and Transgender individuals etc, have all been humiliated so they can feel like they do not belong. Stereotypes have taken over this technological era. Any chance someone gets to post a racist, cruel, and or rude comment they do it, for attention. We should not seek attention this way. Instead we should promote love and unity. This is what the Civil Rights Movement is all about. It might feel like a loss of pride for the ones who are opposing, but I cannot stress enough that this it is for the better. Everyone deserves a chance to live their life without the fear of knowing that at any moment society has the power to hurt you, to destroy every part of your being without mercy. It is hard to lead a life full of guilt and self hate because of who you are and who others have defined you to be. There is so much things that one feels when they are categorized by society. There is so much self doubt, insecurity, guilt, and the pain of feeling dirty and small because of how society sees you and labels you. Why is it necessary to label everything and define it. Why cant we all accept the fact that not everyone is the same, and that that doesn't make us any less human. So many chances are lost because people are discouraged because of who they are to society . Many coloured students in school have it hard. Their life isn’t easy at home or school. From personal experience I could tell you that many of the coloured students a...
...ivil rights in America, galvanized by the landmark Brown vs. Board of Educa2tion of Topeka decision of 1954.” The Montgomery bus boycott happened on “December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks... who refused to give up her sear to a white passenger on a bus” she was arrested. Later, the Supreme Court ruled “segregated seating on public buses unconstitutional in November 1956.”
Blacks walked miles to work, organized carpools, and despite efforts from the police to discourage this new spark of independence, the boycotts continued for more than a year until in November 1956 the Supreme Court ruled that the Montgomery bus company must desegregate it's busses. Were it not for the leadership of Rosa Parks and Jo Ann Robinson, and the support the black community through church congregations, these events may have not happened for many years to come.
...or southern blacks to vote. In 1967 the Supreme Court rules interracial marriage legal. In 1968 Martin Luther King Jr. was shot dead at the age of thirty-nine. Also the civil rights act of 1968 is passed stopping discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. In 1988 President Reagan’s veto was overridden by congress passing the “Civil Rights Restoration Act” expanding the reach of non-discrimination laws within private institutions receiving federal funds. In 1991 President Bush. signs the, “Civil Rights Act of 1991”, strengthening existing civil rights laws. In 2008 President Obama is elected as the first African American president. The American Civil Rights Movement has made a massive effect on our history and how our country is today. Without it things would be very different. In the end however, were all human beings regardless of our differences.