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Importance of economics in finance
Importance of economics in finance
The importance of finance in economics
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Introduction
Citigroup is one of the most well known financial companies in the world. The company has been one of the pioneers of the business financial world. They have contributed in many contemporary ways in the use of banks, and many other financial systems. Citigroup was a representation of the financial market success of the United States, Wall Street, and the financial world. The company has more than 200 years of history, and had been receiving high credibility from worldwide customers. However, after the company’s merger of Citicorp and Travelers Insurance the company was put under new management. Following their boss’ lead, the corporation began to make decisions that were only made with the best interest of the maximization of Citigroup’s profits in mind. This eventually led to the Recession of 2008 and a very rocky road for Citigroup. The company’s actions were similar to that of Netbank, but the end results of the companies differed due to Citigroup’s size. The financial crisis of Citigroup could have been avoided had the necessary precautions been taken, had these provisions been taken it could have possibly helped to avoid the economic recession of the United States as well.
Company History
Citigroup was established on October 9th, 1998, by a merger of with Travelers Insurance, which made the company the largest financial institution. City Bank of New York was the predecessor of the Citigroup, which was established in 1812. Their headquarters is located in Manhattan, New York. Before the merger, Citigroup was called as Citicorp; the predecessor of the Citicorp was City Bank of New York and First National Bank of the City of New York. The very first business was started after receiving the license from New York...
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...he global economy and its people. Rapid profit maximization and expansion has a great risk when trying to make a company as competitive as it can be. If done correctly a company can be reward nicely for the risk, however in this case, companies such as Citigroup and Netbank failed to see how much growth was occurring and started to run a deficit. This deficit eventually led to the downfall and bankruptcy of many companies. This however can translate into a learning experience for those companies who did survive the recession. Companies now should now have somewhat of an idea on how to prevent such occurrence again. With learning comes experience, experience in such an experience will help guide a company during the tough times. Thus, though the times were bad during the recession, the knowledge gained from the recession should be remembered and applied when needed.
...ults of the recession. In order for this never to happen again, there is a need to learn from the mistakes in the past and to look for the warning signs. The problem is not just restricted to one country, but is a global problem and needs to be addressed as such.
... to service our current needs. It is also important that they are committed to the ongoing investment in technology required to deliver the securities, cash and investment management support services we require. The Bank of New York is a well-established financial institution that has outlasted numerous financial hardships, including the Great Depression. It has a long history of providing excellent services to its customers. In the present day, The Bank of New York continues to live up to that reputation by offering its customers a variety of financial services. The future can only get better for the Bank of New York. With the technological era in full swing, the Bank of New York is taking full advantage by specializing in technological securities. In conclusion, The Bank if New York is a historical financial institution that played an important role in the economic growth of the United States. No other bank can say that it has done as much for the United States as has done the Bank of New York.
In the late 1800s' economy there were many Americans who considered themselves to be business affiliated, but really didn't understand the full meaning of a business or knowing any financial obligations within a business. However, there was one peculiar man John Pierpont Morgan also know as J.P. Morgan who stood out to be a triumphant entrepreneur of many Americans in the late 1800s U.S. Economy.
The banking industry is under pressure in today’s business climate. Banks have been through big changes. There is opportunity, but there is also increasing competition. To be the preferred bank means changing “good enough” into a unique value proposition. And that means changing the way people have always done things, change on this level requires cutting edge technology. Change cannot be achieved with a simple directive or surface adjustment especially within the banking industry. It requires an innovative rethink of the entire system, in a strong partnership between bank leaders and their change agents. New systems and policies must support the strategy to be successful. The real test of a good strategy implementation plan is whether the people understand the strategy, are motivated and enabled to implement it, and actually start achieving its goals.
Capital One uses IT through its information-based strategy (IBS) to “record, organize, and analyze data on the characteristics and behaviors of their customers,” as stated by CEO Richard Fairbank. Their philosophy was to exploit information by constructing scientific models that could be used to both assess the creditworthiness of potential cardholders through FICO scoring, and to customize product offerings for existing ones. This was done through data mining, sorting, customizing offers and marketing campaigns, and then analyzing this data to see what campaigns worked – for what reason and what it returned in revenue and profit generation. This differs from other financial institutions in that these other institutions were compiling data manually, accepting applicants based upon debt-income ratios and were all charging the same interest rate and annual fee.
John Pierpont Morgan is considered one of the founding fathers of the modern United States economy. He was an industrial genius that is accredited with the founding of many companies including General Electric and AT&T. However, Pierpont is looked upon as a saint and demon the same. He received a honorary degree from Harvard university that read: "Public citizen, patron of literature and art, prince among merchants, who by his skill, wisdom and courage, has twice in times of stress repelled a national danger of financial panic." But Robert LaFollette, the Wisconsin progressive, saw him as "a beefy, red-faced thick-necked financial bully, drunk with wealth and power." Despite conflicting opinion on his persona, his influence and character shaped the business world more so than any other person at the turn of the century. Morgan was a banker, railroad czar, industrialist, financier, philanthropist, yachtsman, and ladies' man. He was king to a handful of millionaire barons who controlled the country's wealth in an era of little government regulation.
Cox Enterprises, Inc. (CEI) is an Atlanta-based media conglomerate that has ties into nearly all media forms today. Since the founding of Cox Enterprises by James M. Cox in 1898, CEI has been established as a media staple through newspapers, radio, television, cable, telephone, and Internet communications . As of 2000, Cox Enterprises was ranked seventh in AdAge’s “100 Leading Media Companies” . Cox Enterprises is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is currently being led by Chairman and Chief Executive Officer James C. Kennedy, the grandson of James M. Cox.
There are many responses that a company can have to troubling economic times. They can first weather the storm and survive. They can back up and get driven out of business, or they can grow. The economy has been in recession for many months. It is the job of our company to identify things that can help businesses to make it through these times and hopefully prosper.
America’s Industrial Expansion period of the 1800’s left a legacy for the modern world today. This legacy not only included new types of industry and business techniques, but also included a list of notable and impactful individuals who contributed to America’s industrial empire.
Wells Fargo leading aspects has shown they are strong and manageable. One of the factors of management that has caught my attention is how transparent they are. According to John Stumpf, CEO of Wells Fargo, if an employee wants to say it, just say it! Stumpf said that managers have learned to disagree without being disagreeable. The fact that they care for their customers so much, they tend to likewise care for their employees.
The early decades of the nineteenth century saw the establishment of banks in the Caribbean largely as a convenience for the local governments. Throughout much of the nineteenth century, most Caribbean banks operated as an oligopoly with limited government influence – this directly translated into higher profits. However, over time, the banking environment could best be described as complex and dynamic. Competition increased, resulting into greater need for improved customer service, product innovation and cost reduction strategies. In order to achieve this, the banking sector was undergoing major structural reforms characterized by mergers and acquisitions. On July 23, 2001 Barclays and CIBC announced that they were in advanced discussions which were intended to lead to the combination of their retail, corporate and offshore banking operations in the Caribbean.
The "subprime crises" was one of the most significant financial events since the Great Depression and definitely left a mark upon the country as we remain upon a steady path towards recovering fully. The financial crisis of 2008, became a defining moment within the infrastructure of the US financial system and its need for restructuring. One of the main moments that alerted the global economy of our declining state was the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers on Sunday, September 14, 2008 and after this the economy began spreading as companies and individuals were struggling to find a way around this crisis. (Murphy, 2008) The US banking sector was first hit with a crisis amongst liquidity and declining world stock markets as well. The subprime mortgage crisis was characterized by a decrease within the housing market due to excessive individuals and corporate debt along with risky lending and borrowing practices. Over time, the market apparently began displaying more weaknesses as the global financial system was being affected. With this being said, this brings into question about who is actually to assume blame for this financial fiasco. It is extremely hard to just assign blame to one individual party as there were many different factors at work here. This paper will analyze how the stakeholders created a financial disaster and did nothing to prevent it as the credit rating agencies created an amount of turmoil due to their unethical decisions and costly mistakes.
In December 2007 The National Bureau of Economic Research (CNN) said that the United States of America had fallen into a recession. The recession meant that people were loosing jobs and that people were spending too much money and even money that they did not have. A major reason that the United States fell into the recession was because banks and private businesses were giving credit to people who could not afford to pay back or had a bad credit to begin with. This was a major problem to all types of busin...
A variety of groups are concerned in bank profitability for various reasons. The bank shareholders would want to know if the value of their investments is high or low. The investors also use current and past performance to predict future price of the banks’ shares traded on the stock exchanged. The management of the bank as trustee of the shareholders is evaluated and compensated on the basis of how well their decisions and planning have contributed to growth in assets and profits of their banks. Employees of bank also are concerned with profits, since their salaries and promotions are frequently tied to the profitability performance of their banks. Depositors use bank performance and profitability as indicators of security for their deposits in the banks. Finally, business community and general public are concerned about their banks’ performance to the extent that their economic prosperity is linked to the success or failure of their banks.
...nces discussed above. Right now, the global economic is recovering, but the study of reasons of the crisis still teaches many countries a lesson on how to build a solid financial system and how to deal with other macroeconomic problems.