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Chapter 4 ancient chinese civilization
Chapter 4 ancient chinese civilization
Chapter 4 ancient chinese civilization
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Recommended: Chapter 4 ancient chinese civilization
Proverbs are common sayings that are used to illustrate a point to give advice to people on how to live. Chinese proverbs are the common sayings that are used during the time of ancient China. They have existed for thousands of years. According to Chinese Proverb Stories, a website that describes the different kinds of proverbs, "Historical Chinese proverbs are used to illustrate a point, describe a legendary figure, or describe a historical event" (chineseproverbstories.com). Many of these proverbs derived from ancient literature. These proverbs are usually associated with myths or historical facts to educate about morality. Many of these Chinese proverbs came from philosophers and poets such as Lao-Tzu, Confucius, Mozi, and many others. Chinese proverbs are expressions used to educate people about morality on how to lead lives.
千里之行, 始于足下, Qiānlǐ zhī xíng, shǐ yú zúxià, is a proverb developed by 半途而废, Bàntú'érfèi, a Chinese philosopher and poet. He is believed to have found Taoism, a philosophy that advocates about the simplicity and calmness of living life. Its literal translation in English, "The journey of a thousand miles begins beneath one's feet," was coined by Dr. Hilmar Klaus, a Daoist writer and psychologist. According to Thomas Cleary, author of Further Teachings of Lao-tzu, this proverb may have derived from around the time of c. 604-c. 531 B.C. in the Tao Te Ching, a Chinese classic text. That was the time period when Lao-tzu lived his life and did most of his work. The moral meaning of this proverb is that we must take the initiative to begin the first step in order to achieve or thrive in anything. We all have the opportunity to thrive and excel; however, to actually succeed is based on your self-motivation t...
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...rb Stories." Chinese Proverb Stories. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014.
Historical Chinese proverbs are used to illustrate a point, describe a legendary figure, or describe a historical event. Chinese proverbs are often associated with moral lessons; they are used to teach literature and morality.
Cleary, Thomas. Further Teachings of Lao-tzu. Boston: Shambala Publications, 1991. Print.
Lao-Tzu is an ancient Chinese philosopher and poet. His teachings holds a non-aggressive and calm approach to life. Many of his teachings show positive motivation towards life.
Scarborough, W., and C. Wilfrid Allan. A Collection of Chinese Proverbs. New York: Paragon Book Reprint, 1964. Print.
Chinese proverbs are sayings that expresses the basic truth of common sense. The author of many of these proverbs include: Lao-Tzu, Confucius, Mozi, and many other philosophers.
Tao-te Ching (in English pronounced “dow deh jing”) is believed to be written by Lao-tzu (6th century B.C). However, it is not for certain that he wrote the book. Lao-tzu is translated as “Old Master”. He was born in the state of Ch’u in China. It’s been said that he worked in the court of the Chou dynasty. The day that he was leaving the court to start his own life, the keeper of the gate urged him to write his thoughts as a book. Lao-tzu’s work mostly illustrates Taoism –a religion founded by Chang Tao-ling A.D. 150. His main purpose in this piece is practicing peace, simplicity, naturalness, and humility. Lao-tzu believes that people are overloaded with temporal objects in this world. He recommends his readers to let go of everything and always keep the balance in anything. In my opinion, Lao-tzu would more likely dislike our government and the way that people live nowadays. The reason is because majority of the people are attached to secular things. To paraphrase the famous, people have materialistic characteristics in today’s world which is completely against Lao-tzu’s view.
Shows how Confucius teaches individuals of both high and low birth to strive for success in their lifetime.
Boltz, William G. Lao tzu Tao te ching. In Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide, edited by Michael Loewe. Berkeley: University of California, 1993.
Lao Tzu: I will ensure that the people know that I need them to sustain. I will be a leader who is full of humility, as “humility is the root from which greatness springs” (Tzu 59). I am dependent on the people whom I rule. I am sovereign to them. I am the worthless one. I will not take expensive vacations using the people’s money. I will not wear designer clothes at the people’s expense. I would rather take care of the people. I do not want to be an expensive leader at the expense of my people because “[it] is not wise to shine like a jade and resound like stone chimes” (Tzu 60).
The geneses of the three philosophies were based on the teachings of Confucius, and show how the nature of Chinese history is cyclical. Confucius was born in 551 BCE during the Chao dynasty, about 100 years after a period known as the Warring States. Political unity was unstable during Confucius’ time and consequently, China had broken into small states that were constantly at war with one another. Confucius wanted to solve these political problems and help restore order in his country and therefore created his “school of thought” ...
Another influence of the Aphorism on China is the education fever of China and many other Asian countries such as South Korea. The evidence of education fever can be traced back to the 7th century, or even earlier. Education fever is a serious social problem in China. The amount of money and energy spent on education by the people of China is becoming extreme. Most Chinese students study more than average American students, and many parents are willing to send their children to cram school for better academic performance. Many families spend considerable portion of their income into education bill, and some even go into debt. There are students who committed suicide because they failed to get into the highly renowned colleges that they hoped for. The importance of learning emphasized by Confucianism, which is related to the Aphorism 17:2, is one of the main cause of this obsession with education. The notion that the nature of men is decided by learning caused the prejudice that people without high education is lesser than those who have it. Companies tends only hire people with high
“Life is a series of natural and spontaneous changes. Don't resist them - that only creates sorrow. Let reality be reality. Let things flow naturally forward in whatever way they like” (Lau Tzu). Born into a life of noodles and relaxation Po, a chubby panda, always wanted to be a Kung Fu master. Out of nowhere an opportunity arises to have his dream become reality. Po, like any normal panda snatches up this once in a lifetime opportunity and runs with it. But when the going gets tough, he doesn’t know if this is the life he was meant to live. While the film was meant for enjoyment, DreamWorks has incorporated clear examples of the three major Chinese Schools of Thought: Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.
Lao Tzu believed that Tao is a natural thing. He believes that you come by it or you realize its presents and experience it. The best way for me to explain how Lao Tzu perceives the Tao is to take it directly from our reading in Molloy, “The Doa cannot be named because it has no form. But the Dao can be experienced and followed by every individual thing that has a name (213).” Lao Tzu used Tao as a way of being and living in harmony with nature. Lao Tzu believed that Tao came to you by using his teaching of Wu Wei, Simplicity, Gentleness and Relativity (217-218).
As people, all of the actions we take, and as a result, the benefits and consequences which occur, are rooted from our own beliefs. This is seen every day through the way we carry ourselves, the choices we make, how we treat others, etc. But, most notably, it is seen throughout history in the actions and culture of nations. China in particular is an area with many belief systems/ideologies which have developed over its long history; these include Confucianism, Legalism, Daoism, and Buddhism. With the previous statement, it is only logical to conclude that these belief systems have had a large impact on China’s development and culture.
“Be strong yet supple, this is the way to rule.” (Lee, CTHD 2000). This quote is the perfect example of both Confucianism and Daoism. From the Analects: “Confucius said: … ‘If a ruler himself is upright, all will go well without orders. But if he himself is not upright, even though he gives orders they will not be obeyed.’ [XIII:6]” (de Bary, Confucius, 32), this implies that when one acts with virtue and responsibility, others in the community will reciprocate. From the Dao De Qing: “Since [water] is without strife, it is without reproach.” (de Bary, Taoism, 53), this means that if everyone were to listen to their intuition and take life as it comes, there is no need for blame and hate. Self regulation in East Asian societies depend of both Confucianism and Daoism. Although Daoism and Confucianism are on opposite ends of the spectrum, it is still the same spectrum of self regulation. The Daoist principles of open mindedness and oneness and the Confucian principles of virtue and kindness are shown by the Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon characters Li Mu Bai, Shu Lien, Jen, and Lo.
China is a country with a vast cultural and historical background. It is a country with four billon people with extreme cultural diversity, which is nourished by different philosophies of its own. These philosophies are the beginning ideas of Chinese morality and spiritual belief, which were enriched by different intellectual heroes like Confucius.
Confucius’s counsel and guidance recorded in The Analects instilled wisdom when they were first recorded and continue to provide a thought provoking analysis of life and the checkpoints that guide it. The Master’s commentary on restraint, diligence, decency, and citizenship are well intended and relevant. Politics and the role of government also come under scrutiny as Confucius offers his insights in bettering the organization of power. His proverb-like admonitions use clear examples of everyday life allowing them to be understood and easily digested. Confucius’s own eagerness and willingness to share goodness he experienced makes it easier to apply and practice in one’s own life.
In the view of the Chinese common man, life on earth is but a temporary stop on his journey to death and other reincarnations. Since death is viewed as inexorable and inherent in the human condition, the Chinese accepts it with composure. It was a common custom in China, especially in rural areas, for people to have a coffin ready in their houses as a preparation for death that may come ten or twenty years in the future. Well-to-do people used to build their own tombs long before they felt they were approaching death. This composure should not be construed as absence of sadness and regret. The Chinese believe that, in spite of its seamy side, life is still better than death which is shrouded in mystery. Death, for Chinese, does not mean total disappearance. Only the corporeal frame is disintegrated, and the spirit survives and perpetuates itself in a series of reincarnations. The belief of the survival of the soul forms the spiritual basis for ancestor worship while the feeling of gratitude ant affection for one's ancestors forms its moral foundation. Among the Chinese, the honest man is born amidst traditions and rites; as an adolescent, he seeks to improve himself through culture; and in maturity, he aims at wisdom through following the spiritual path. This pattern is not an abstract ideal but a way of life, which often leads to an attitude of tolerance and detachment. The bulk of the Chinese people lived for centuries in this environment of ancestral beliefs and religious doctrines.
Even though Taoism and many other folk religions have shaped the Chinese mind, Confucianism remains, by any historical measure, its chief mentor” (Novak 113). Therefore, since the two religions grew up together, there are similarities, such as their views on humans, attempting to find harmony in life and in nature, and serve as guides for their followers through self-cultivation and improvement techniques. Confucianism believes that their congregation should have human conduct over the idea of God in their lives, whereas Taoism is formed on the belief that its congregation should create a relationship with nature. This is pointed out by Smith in Experiencing the World’s Religions, “Confucius represents the classical, Lao Tzu the romantic; Confucius stresses social responsibility, Lao Tzu praises spontaneity and naturalness; Confucius focus is on the human, Lao Tzu’s on what transcends the human” (Smith 218).
Confucius was a man who talked about the virtues and principles of life dealing with family, government, and work. These concepts were often reflected in his quotes. These are a few to ponder the mind: