Malave-Researcher
CCOU 302
Liberty University
Annotated Bibliography
Clinton, T., & Sibcy, G. (2006). Loving your child too much: Staying close to your kids without overprotecting, overindulging, or overcontrolling. Nashville, TN: Integrity Publishers.
Encouraging topics that many may overlook as child abuse. The signs of child abuse can be physical, emotional, and or undue negative nurturing behavior. This book is a great guide for parents to identify unhealthy love and an easy to follow approach to parenting behavior—the healthy way.
Daniel, B. (2015). Why have we made neglect so complicated? taking a fresh look at noticing and helping the neglected child. Child Abuse Review, 24(2), 82-94. doi:10.1002/car.2296
According to the author research
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has become the central focal part to child abuse. Unfortunately, perhaps more vital than producing an action plan to prevent the abuse from occurring or reaching out to help the abused. This article provides valuable data and is a helpful source for child abuse awareness and ways to get involved. Ferrara, P.
(2014). Child abuse and neglect: Psychiatric and neuro-biological consequences. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 40(1), 417. doi:10.1186/1824-7288-40-S1-A32
Learn about mental and emotional health of the adult that experienced abuse in early youth. The author provides detail of the correlation between child abuse and risky behavior from adolescent to adulthood. In conclusion, child abuse and neglect are associated with long term stress, behavioral, and mental
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disorders. Selby., M. (2008). Recognizing signs of child abuse and neglect. Practice Nurse, 36(2), 32. The purpose of this article is to create awareness, learn the signs, and how to help a child that may be at risk of child abuse or neglect. Siegel, D.J., & Bryson, T.P. (2011). The whole-brain child. New York, NY: Delacorte Press/Random House. ISBN: 9780553807912. The authors of this book created an innovative guide that help parents learn ways to develop a child’s brain. Understanding how healthy communication advances good brain processes. In conclusion, parents will learn ways to develop a home environment filled with love and respect by fostering virtuous family relationships. Vieth, V.
I., Tchividjian, B. J., Walker, D. F., & Knodel, K. R. (2012). Child abuse and the church: A call for prevention, treatment, and training. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 40(4), 323-335.
A shout out to global Churches for a new revival to help battle against child abuse and neglect. A spiritual inception about child abuses, awareness, education, training, and prevention. Church leaders across the nation closing the gap--a closer look at this ongoing epidemic. In conclusion, a time of spiritual reflection on ways to prevent child abuse in communities and among church families too.
Widom, C. S., Czaja, S. J., Bentley, T., & Johnson, M. S. (2012). A Prospective Investigation of physical health outcomes in abused and neglected children: New findings from a 30-year follow-up. American Journal of Public Health, 102(6), 1135–1144. http://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300636
The authors of this article present an investigation of the long-term consequence of physical health of documented abused child cases. Their article covers a wide range of higher physical health risk for anyone that experienced early childhood abuse and neglect. In conclusion, the investigation takes us down a 30-year outlook of many health issues that are prevalent in people that lived a life of early
abuse.
McCoy, M. L., & Keen, S. M., (2009). Child abuse and neglect. New York: Psychology Press.
There are links between neglect and abuse and later psychological, emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal disorders. The basis for this linkage is the impact that abuse and neglect have on brain development. Researchers have found important links between interpersonal experiences and neurobiological development. Children who have been sexually abused are at significant risk of developing anxiety disorders (2.0 times the average), major depressive disorders (3.4 times average), alcohol abuse (2.5 times average), drug abuse (3.8 times average), and anti-social behavior (4.3 times average)(Crouch).
Child maltreatment takes on many forms and child neglect is the most common. Studies have found that child neglect can be more detrimental to development than physical abuse (Colvert, E., Rutter, M., Kreppner, J., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Groothues, C. & Sonuga-Barke, 2008). Despite this fact, neglect is the least commonly reported form of maltreatment, as it does not leave bruises and marks like physical abuse (DiPanfilis, D., 2006). Neglect during infancy has been found to affect all aspects of development: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial (Hawley, T., Gunner, M., 2000). This paper will examine the effects neglect has on specific areas of cognitive functioning.
In 2008, according to the U.S. Department of Human Services, of all the maltreatment cases “71.1% of those were neglect” (Kazemaian, 2011). Many researchers, (Mersky and Reynolds’, Dierkhising, Kerig, Buffington, Ford, Topitzes, and Ryan, Widom and Maxfield) have studied the topic of neglect trauma and juvenile delinquency extensively, and have all established that although there is no proof that neglect can cause delinquency, there is a strong relationship between the two and have found neglect can play a critical role in later offending. Other researchers (Cohen, Smailes, and Brown) on the other hand have found little to no correlation between neglect trauma and later delinquency. Where as the last remaining researches (Stewart, Hoeve, Tyler, Bright, Widom, Williams, Unnever) have taken another standpoint, to could explain the child’s delinquent behavior such as, the timing of the neglect, the duration of the neglect, gender, and parent-child
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 3.3 million referrals for alleged maltreatment were made in 2013. Out of the 3.3 million referrals, 899,000 children were officially documented as being maltreated(Child Abuse & Neglect 2015). Child abuse is the mistreatment of a child. Child abuse is recognized in several forms; physical, emotional, sexual and neglect. Children who experience any form of abuse will tend to withdraw themselves from their peers and sometimes from other family members who are not aware of what is taking place. Child abuse occurs not just in the homes of these children, but can also occur in schools, churches and after school programs. Anywhere a child is present there is a chance that abuse can occur. This paper will review the forms of child abuse, the effects of child abuse, reasons child abuse occurs and possible therapies to bring healing in the parties involved.
“Each year, Child Protective Services receives reports of child abuse and neglect involving six million children, and many go unreported” (New Directions). The article New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research, explores the need for research of the long-term affects of child abuse and neglect, not only on the victims, but also on their families, future relationships, and other people out in the community. Current research has brought to life the long-term developmental and biological challenges that abuse victims deal with long after an event occurs. A problem that current researchers face when striving to learn more about the long-term affects of child abuse is a lack of funds. Money drives a lot of things in this world, and research is one of those things. The current funds for this type of research has been spread very thin over numerous organizations that deal with child abuse. In this article, New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research, new ideas for spreading these funds have been talked about and plans have been devised.
With physical violence in mind, recognizing the signs of abuse can be quite difficult. Statisticbrain.com states, “17.6% of all child abuse cases have to do with physical maltreatment, and 80.8% of the perpetrators were the child’s parent or parents” (“Child Abuse Statistics”). Then, suspicion often arises when the parent’s exp...
In conclusion, Child abuse and neglect is more common in children’s lives today. A child may be harmed and be right in front of us and we do not even know it. We have to watch out for the signs and symptoms to try and help a child out. We may not even realize it till it is too late. The effect can appear in all aspects of life, rather it being psychological or behavioral. These effects can range from anything such as minor physical injury, not getting along with others, or become aggressive and affect them later on in life.
Lamont, A. (2010). Effects of child abuse and neglect for children and adolescents [Family study]. Retrieved from Australian institute of family studies: www.aifs.gov.au
Child maltreatment is a global public health problem (Klika & Herrenkol, 2013). Children who have been maltreated tend to express more cortisol dysregulation (De Bellis, Woolley, & Hooper, 2013). Having this concern causes the children to express more stress than a child who has not been maltreated. According to De Bellis, Woolley, & Hooper (2013), pediatric studies have concluded that if a child is abused at a younger age and continuous neglect is associated they are more likely to suffer from smaller brain volumes and heightened biological stress chemicals. Being exposed to abusive trauma that leads to PTSD has shown to cause children to have higher levels of dissociative symptoms and more behavioral problems (De Bellis, Woolley, & Hooper, 2013). Children tend to mimic behaviors that are observed by their guardians or parents, and it is likely that at some point a child will express those same behaviors, but most likely in a different way. Being abused can often lead to a reenactment of that same attempt of punishment on the child’s future family.
Child maltreatment can affect any child, usually aged 0-18, and it occurs across socioeconomic, religious, ethnic or even educational backgrounds. Arguably, child abuse and neglect is a violation of basic human rights of a child resulting from social, familial, psychological and economic factors (Kiran, 2011). Familial factors include lack of support, poverty, single parenthood, and domestic violence among others, (McCoy and Keen, 2009). The common types of child maltreatment include physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, neglect, and sexual abuse among others. Abuse and neglect can lead to a variety of impacts on children and young people such as physical, behavioral as well as psychological consequences which will affect the development and growth of the child either positively or negatively based on the environment and agency. More so, emotional, cognitive and physical developmental impacts from child neglect in the early stages of childhood can be carried on into adulthood. Research findings reveal that the experience of maltreatment can cause major long-term consequences on all aspects of a child’s health, growth as well as intellectual development and mental wellbeing, and these effects can impair their functioning as adults. Commonly, the act of abuse/ or neglect toward a child affects the child’s physical, behavioral development and growth, which can be positive or negative, depending on the child’s environment and agency. Another way to understand how the act has affected the child is to look at the child for who they are, and interviewing and observing their behaviors of their everyday life.
We’ll start with child abuse victims and the affects and reasons of this abuse. There are four types of child abuse and I will list them in order from least to greatest, neglect, physical, sexual and emotional abuse. Neglect takes first with the NCVS having 54% reports of child neglect in 2007. Neglect is a very serious form of abuse it is the failure for a parent or guardian to provide for a child’s basic needs, including physical and educational needs. We grow and development drastically in the first twelve years of our life so when parental guidance and love is absent it affects a child’s developmental skills along with learning right from wrong. Many forms of neglect occur in larger households and with households with domestic violence. Many parents with multiple kids become too busy focusing on the older children they tend to forget the youngest one. So it’s common for a three year old to walk out of the front door and on to the street when no one is there to tell him or...
What distinguishes neglect from additional forms of maltreatment is its inherent omission of behaviour rather than a commission of behaviour, as in the case of physical or sexual abuses (Sagatun & Edwards, 1995; Zuravin, 1991). Over recent years, it has been increasingly recognized that child neglect has a more severe and adverse impact on children’s development than abuse (Hildyard and Wolfe 2002; Trickett and McBride-Chang 1995).
One of the most obvious and damaging results of child abuse is death; however, research illustrating the effects on a growing child who has been abused has demonstrated many other lifelong negative factors (Felitti, Anda, Nordenberg, Williamson, Spitz, Edwards, Koss, Marks, 1998). In consonance children who suffer from abuse can show signs of depression, social withdraw, and even violent behavior. As a child grows older, they may suffer from poor physical health, such as high blood pressure, obesity, stress, and psychological disorders and disabilities (Herronkohl, T., Hong, Klika, and Herronkohl, R., 2013). Child abuse and neglect have also been associated with depression, anger disorders, and post-traumatic
Knutson and Sullivan (1993) illustrates how consequences of abuse may cause a lot of damage to the child like physically like damage to the central nervous system, fractures, injury to internal organs of the abdomen, burns, malnutrition, and trauma to the head. Other consequences reap havoc on the heart and in the mind of a child, with abuse resulting in long-term emotional trauma and behavioral problems. This is so much damage that a child should not have to go through, but being vulnerable makes it hard for them to avoid the trauma these children have to go