before the onset of symptoms, so checking in and taking breaks will not only produce better results, but will also be greatly appreciated by the patient.
3a. There are several factors that make administering and accurately interpreting the results of neuropsychological tests difficult when dealing with stroke patients including visual neglect, aphasia, and hemiparesis. Visual neglect, or the loss of a section of one’s visual field often on one side, (right or left visual field), can occur in patients who have had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or a stroke. A stroke is caused by a clot that forms and occludes (blocks) an artery in the brain thus starving a portion of the brain of blood (which contains vital nutrients like glucose and oxygen). Although it is common for other blood vessels
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The clot will occlude an artery in one of the hemispheres of the brain and if it is in a specific location can affect one’s vision and cause visual neglect. Because of this it is important when administering visuospatial tests to take into account the fact that your patient may not physically be able to see part of the page or certain direction written on the page because he/she is blind in that portion of their visual field. This becomes particularly important when administering the Rey or Trails because it is possible that your patient will make mistakes not due to cognitive decline, but rather due to loss of sight. Another factor that can impact the results of neuropsychological testing is aphasia, or language deficits often associated with patient’s who had strokes. These patients may have trouble understanding directions or articulating their thoughts coherently which would make assessing their cognitive capacity and deficits difficult. Additionally, it may just be hard in general to communicate with the
Based upon previous knowledge of brain function, what results from the testing were consistent with a brain injury?
What are the components of the SBAR process that the off-going nurse should communicate to the oncoming nurse?
Mr. Fix-it is a 59 year old man with a history of alcohol abuse and diabetic hypertension. Mr. Fix-it has been currently experiencing symptoms such as: rambling speech, poor short-term memory, weakness on the left side of his body, neglects both visual and auditory stimuli to his left side, difficulty with rapid visual scanning, difficulty with complex visual, perceptual and constructional tasks, unable to recall nonverbal materials, and mild articulatory problems. The diagnosis for Mr. Fix-it’s problem is most likely a right-hemisphere stroke. A right-hemisphere stroke is occurs when a blood clot blocks a vessel in the brain, or when there is a torn vessel bleeding into the brain. “A right-hemisphere stroke is common in adults who have diabetes and who are over the age of 55”, similar to Mr. Fix-it (Kluwer, 2012). In addition, Mr. Fix-it has a history of alcohol abuse in which it could have also increased his chances of experiencing a right-hemisphere stroke.
Carole Lauren is a 44 year old mother of two, a wife, and a school teacher by profession. Her story began 21 months ago when she had a cerebrovascular accident that left her hemiplegic. Almost two years passed since the event. Carole regained most of the lost function in her left leg, ankle, and foot. However, she still has limited function in her left arm and hand. She also has difficulty organizing her thoughts and read her message from a paper. Her story is about a journey through the health care system.
Scientists are on the brink of doing the unthinkable-replenishing the brains of people who have suffered strokes or head injuries to make them whole again. If that is not astonishing enough, they think they may be able to reverse paralysis. The door is at last open to lifting the terrifying sentence these disorders still decree-loss of physical function, cognitive skills, memory, and personality.
Even if the physical symptoms of a stroke are obvious, brain scans should also be carried out to determine if the stroke has been caused by a blocked artery (ischaemic stroke) or burst blood vessel (haemorrhagic stroke), which part of the brain has been affected, and how severe the stroke is. Different treatments are required for the different types of stroke, so a rapid diagnosis will make treatment more straightforward. Further tests on the heart and blood vessels might be carried out later to confirm what caused your stroke. In some cases, another type of ultrasound scan called an echocardiogram may be carried out to produce images of your heart and check for any problems with it that could be related to your stroke.
Stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked or condensed. Blood works to transport oxygen and other beneficial substances to the body’s cells and organs, as well as the brain. There are two main types of strokes that are known as Ischemic strokes and Hemorrhagic strokes. When the blood vessels that provides for the brain becomes congested, is it referred to as ischemic stroke, the most common stroke within adults. Blood clots, a cluster of blood that sticks together, are the cause of Ischemic strokes. Ischemic strokes also takes place when arteries become backed up with plague, leaving less blood to flow. Plague is cholesterol, calcium and fibrous and connective tissue that sticks to the walls of blood vessels. Ischemic strokes eternally damage the brain and cause a person's body to no longer function habitually.Some risk factors that may increase stroke are high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity. Some stroke factors are also due to old age or having a family that has a history of strokes. Men are more likely to have a stroke but the most st...
It is caused by clot that blocks blood vessels from supplying blood to the brain through cerebrovascular events. If there is no blood in the brain, then there is no oxygen or nutrients because it is blood that supplies it to the brain. This can cause permanent brain damage which can cause inflammation. Fasting has there been known to be effective and efficient against stroke because it increases cognitive functioning and health of the brain. In addition, fasting has been known to increase neuro-protective proteins and reduction in inflammatory substance known as cytokines. This is critical reducing the chances of damaging the brain that can cause
...atment option your doctor suggests, careful monitoring and follow-up visits are required to successfully combat the symptoms.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Review and the understanding of the make-up of the WHO ICF model. Application of WHO ICF model in stroke management (WHO, 2006). Case Presentation: This is a case of 60-year-old African American widowed female( 5years) presented with a medical diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease secondary to right intracerebral hemorrhage and found to have right arteriovenous malformation .No residual AVM post op. Onset date was April 11/2014.Past medical history of depression is otherwise patient without significant past medical history. Family History: Diabetes and hypertension. The previous level of function: the patient was independent w/ her
Traumatic brain injury or TBI occurs when a child has a head injury that causes damage to the brain. These injuries can be caused from being hit in the head or violently shaken. The results of TBI can change how a person’s brain develops, how they act, move, and think. It can also affect how they learn in school (NICHCY, 2012). TBI can affect the way a child thinks, retains information, attention span, behavior, speech, physical activities (which includes walking), and the way a child learns.
The World Health Organisation (2013) explains that an Ischaemic stroke occurs as a result of a blood vessel becoming blocked by a clot, reducing the supply of oxygen to the brain and, therefore, damaging tissue. The rationale for selecting Mary for this discussion is; the author wishes to expand her evidenced based knowledge of stroke since it is the principal cause of disability and the third leading cause of mortality within the Scottish population (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), 2008) and, therefore, a national priority. In response to this priority, the Scottish Government (2009) produced their ‘Better Heart Disease and Stroke Care Action Plan’. Additionally, they have introduced a HEAT target to ensure 90% of stroke patients get transferred to a specialised stroke unit on the day of admission to hospital (Scottish Government, 2012).
McDonnell, M.N., Bryan, J., Smith, A.E., & Esterman, A.J. (2011). Assessing cognitive impairment following stroke. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 33(9), 945-953.
... usually detected when someone goes into the doctor for a head injury or some kind of pain completely unrelated to the aneurysm. A computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to help identify any bleeding in the brain. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), being similar to a CT, uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to provide pictures of blood vessels inside the body. A dye is often used during the procedure to make blood vessels appear more clear. Lastly, a cerebral angiogram may be done. This is an x-ray test, where a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel, usually in the groin or arm and moved from the vessel into the brain. A dye is also injected. The dye used allows any problem areas in the artery, to be viewed by a radiologist on their x-ray. Although this test is more invasive, it is the best way to locate a small brain aneurysm (Nisacara).
Stroke is a commonly known disease that is often fatal. This cellular disease occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by either a blood clot halting the progress of blood cells in an artery, called an Ischemic stroke, or a blood vessel in the brain bursting or leaking causing internal bleeding in the brain, called a hemorrhagic stroke. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients because the blood cells carrying these essential things are stopped, causing them to die. When the cells in the brain die, sensation or movement in a limb might be cut off and may limit an organism’s abilities. A person with stroke is affected depending on where in the brain the stroke occurs. In other words, symptoms of a stroke