Causes of the First World War

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Causes of the First World War

“The outbreak of the First World War in 1914 grew out of a short term

crisis in the Balkans, but any attempt to understand its origins must

take into account a number of long standing developments.”

(McDonough). To discuss this judgement, we must investigate the causes

of the First World War, the consequences of these actions, and to what

extent were they responsible for the start of the war. A long term and

economical cause was colonial rivalry between the major European

superpowers. Other long term political causes include the Anglo-German

naval race, both of the Moroccan crisis, which all, among other things

heightened the tension within Europe, eventually leading to war.

Another long term ideological and political cause is the alliance

systems which is responsible for the turning a possibly localized war

into a world one, while another long term ideological and economic

cause was the Balkan problem: disagreements on what the fate of the

‘sick man of Europe’ ought to be. Last, but not least, the spark of

the war was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, which, if not for

the aforementioned factors, would have a much smaller consequence than

a world war. In fact, if not for the tension which was built and

maintained for around the last three decades, this last cause may not

even be a cause for war. So, yes, I agree with McDonough: I believe

that although it was this last event that sparked war, it would have

had no significant effect if the long term causes had not taken place.

During the nineteenth century, most of the major European powers had

no interest in colonies. But, starting ...

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...ms that it provided; it was the chain reaction guaranteed by the

alliance systems; it was the heightened tension resulting from the

Moroccan crisis as well as the Anglo French military promises that

came as a consequence of mutual fear of German attack; it was the

problem of German encirclement and what she would do to escape her

fear; it was the tension caused by the Balkan problems, and last but

not least, it was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, which was the

spark Europe needed to embark on the war that was ready to begin. So,

in conclusion, World War I “grew out of a short term crisis in the

Balkans, but any attempt to understand its origins must take into

account a number of long standing developments.” Without all the

aforementioned causes, the July Crisis 1914 would merely be a

localized war, if even that.

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