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Pain Management and Drug Addiction It has been an ongoing debate regarding the use, misuse and abuse of pain medications. Acknowledging the pain experience and convey acceptance of client’s response to pain is one of the nursing interventions that we do to our clients, it is simply because pain is a subjective experience and cannot be felt by others (Doenges et al. 2013). Historically, the recognition of pain management has not been prioritized as on medical and surgical histories, the saving of lives have been emphasized rather than to relieve pain. It is on a blinded view that acute pain is seen as an alarming ethical issue when being linked with drug addiction.
Pain management is best utilized with opioids. Sykes & Thorns (2003) reviewed that these drugs are commonly the best carried out orders to stabilize pain especially in cases of cancer. The researchers viewed these drugs as commonly used for palliative care. The therapy has shown
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Drug addiction doesn 't result from medical use and it is supported as well by Sees & Clark (1993). The drug brings optimal treatment to patients who are in pain. Gilson et al. (2004) also advised that its effects are predictable due to medical purpose and removing it may cause an unacceptable harm to a patient. Addiction and misuse of opioid medication depends on the period of usage. As according to Compton & Volkow (2006), the longer the drug is exposed to an individual, the higher the possibility for development of addiction as well. The access as well nowadays for the drug is openly easy for the public. There have been occasions that physicians are no longer needed for the prescription of the drug; hence it becomes an illicit drug. In recent studies the frequency of analgesic misuse or addiction ranges from 5% to as much of 50% of different
In medical school/pharmacology school, medical professionals are taught to treat severe pain with opioids. However, opioids should be prescribed with the possibility of future dependency in mind. Physicians often struggle with whether they should prescribe opioids or seek alternative methodologies. This ethical impasse has led may medical professionals to prescribe opioids out of sympathy, without regard for the possibility of addiction (Clarke). As previously stated, a way to address this is use alternative methods so that physicians will become more acquainted to not not treating pain by means of opioid
Meera, A. (2011). Pain and Opioid Dependence: Is it a Matter of Concern. Indian Journal Of
An ethical dilemma that is currently happening in the medical field regards pain management. Doctors and other medical professionals are faced with this ethical decision on whether to prescribe strong pain medication to patients who claim to be experiencing pain, or to not in skepticism that the patient is lying to get opioids and other strong medications. “Opioids are drugs that act on the nervous system to relieve pain. Continued use and abuse can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms,” (Drug Free World Online). Opioids are often prescribed to patients experiencing excruciating pain, but doctors are faced with prescribing these drugs as an ethical issue because only a patient can measure the pain they are in, it is simply impossible
Almost one hundred years ago, prescription drugs like morphine were available at almost any general store. Women carried bottles of very addictive potent opiate based pain killers in their purse. Many individuals like Edgar Allen Poe died from such addictions. Since that time through various federal, state and local laws, drugs like morphine are now prescription drugs; however, this has not stopped the addiction to opiate based pain killers. Today’s society combats an ever increasing number of very deadly addictive drugs from designer drugs to narcotics to the less potent but equally destructive alcohol and marijuana. With all of these new and old drugs going in and out of vogue with addicts, it appears that the increase of misuse and abuse is founded greater in the prescription opiate based painkillers.
Institute of Medicine Report from the Committee on Advancing Pain Research, Care and Education. (2011). Relieving Pain in America A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education and Research. Retrieved from http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?records_13172
Assessing and managing pain is an inevitable part of nursing and the care of patients. Incomplete relief of pain remains prevalent despite years of research due to barriers such as lack of kn...
Opioids are used as pain relievers and although it does the job, there are adverse side effects. Opioids are frequently used in the medical field, allowing doctors to overprescribe their patients. The substance can be very addicting to the dosage being prescribed to the patient. Doctors are commonly prescribing opioids for patients who have mild, moderate, and severe pain. As the pain becomes more severe for the patient, the doctor is more likely to increase the dosage. The increasing dosages of the narcotics become highly addicting. Opioids should not be prescribed as pain killers, due to their highly addictive chemical composition, the detrimental effects on opioid dependent patients, the body, and on future adolescents. Frequently doctors have become carless which causes an upsurge of opioids being overprescribed.
Opioids are prescribed to help people; prescription opioids can be used to treat moderate-to-severe pain and are often prescribed following surgery or injury, or for health conditions such as cancer (Prescription Opioids). When taken as directed, opioids are safe and effective treatment options for relieving debilitating chronic pain (Highsmith). Doctors have screening protocol they follow before prescribing an opioid. Doctors ask patients about their past to see if any substance abuse was present, to rule out patients with a higher risk of becoming addicted to prescription opioids. Nonetheless, if the medication is used as directed, not only is your risk of addiction minimal, the odds of enjoying a better quality of life will be in your favor (Highsmith). In other words, doctors are doing their part to prevent prescription opioid drug abuse. Actually, dishonest people are the ones at
There exists rich and extensive literature on pharmaceutical use, chronic pain, morality, and the relationships create...
According to World Health Organization, cancer pain can be controlled effectively with oral morphine in up to 90% of individuals with cancer (Ahmed, et al. 2010). Cancer patients benefit significantly from the effects of morphine on severe or chronic pain (Weil and Winifred 2004). A common treatment plan for cancer patients is to follow the “analgesic ladder” approach. The first step in this approach is to administer a non-opioid analgesic, such as aspirin, paracetamol, or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (Hanks, et al., 1996). Secondly, a week opioid is administered to the individual. Once the weak opioid is proven inadequate the third step is followed and a strong opioid is administered. ...
Effective treatment of cancer pain is essential for ensuring the best outcomes for cancer patients, in terms of physical, psychological and social aspects. Although there are no NICE guidelines for management of cancer pain, WHO guidance should be used to inform clinical practice. Careful assessment is a critical element of the process to ensure that patients are offered the treatment which is likely to offer the best outcomes, yet without providing a greater than necessary risk of complications such as tolerance and addiction to opioids. The main outcome that this paper highlights is that “Pain is what the patient says it is and exists when he says it does” (McCaffery 1983
End of life pain management is an important function of hospice organizations. Families and patients alike are comforted by the fact that, at the end, there are resources which allow for a comfortable death. Much of the quality of hospice care is determined by patient family members. In 2005, the Brown Medical school conducted research with regard to t...
A retrospective cohort study found that there was a causal relationship between previous drug abuse and opioid abuse when opioids are used for chronic pain management. Therefore, the study determined previous drug abuse as the most significant risk factor regarding potential opioid abuse with a relative risk of 3.3.1 However, the study made no mention in its “methods” section of corrections for any confounding variables that may have greatly affected the data. One such confounding variable that needs to be adjusted for is severity of pain that each patient was experiencing. The likely result of an individual who has a more severe level of pain will be that of increased and prolonged use of opioids. Those with high levels of pain may experience a greater psychological dependence on opioids to cope with pain and lead a normal life. Consequently, the psychological dependence on opioids will lead to a physical addiction and abuse of opioids.
The extent of the opioid abuse crisis is clear. Opioid drug abuse has increasingly become a major problem. The problem is currently so concerning that it is currently one of the leading causes of death in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “…drug overdose, particularly due to the increase in nonmedical use of prescription pain-relief drugs, is the second leading cause of deaths from unintentional injuries in the United States, exceeded only by motor vehicle fatalities.” (Kirschner1) In fact, the CDC classifies the abuse problem as an ‘epidemic’.
The major concepts deduced from the hypothesis fall under three categories: (1) multimodal intervention, (2) attentive care, and (3) patient participation. Multimodal intervention includes the concepts of potent pain medication, pharmacological adjuvants, and non-pharmacological adjuvants. Attentive care relates to the assessment of pain and side effects and intervention along with reassessments. Patient participation includes goal setting and patient education. The resulting outcome of these three categories working together is the balance between analgesia and side effects.