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Introduction to code of ethics
Introduction to code of ethics
Enron case summary and analysis
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Auditors’ motivated blindness. It could be that this conflict of interest is the reason behind Arthur Anderson issuance of an unqualified audit report without questioning or recommending to the audit committee the treatment of the related party transactions (Tonge et al., 2003, p. 15), the appropriate disclosures to make or the reasonable assumptions of mark-to market accounting. Moreover, Andersen admitted it destroyed perhaps thousands of documents and electronic files related to the engagement, in accordance with “firm policy,” supposedly before the SEC issued a subpoena for them (Thomas, 2002). Counterculture. Not only the auditors were responsible for Enron’s disaster. Enron was actually the dream of a lot of employees to join, as it incorporated a culture of hiring the best and brightest traders instituting the harshest employee-ranking system in the country, the …show more content…
2135) and therefore, the less stringent the code of ethics is, the less information it will contain and the less waiver disclosures it will be required to make. Companies may choose to have a very narrow code that doesn’t elaborate on the details, just to meet the minimum requirements by law and to avoid any legal liability of non-compliance with disclosure requirements. Doing that means going in the opposite way of achieving the law transparency goal (HLR, 2003, p. 2141). Therefore, a review to this specific rule and amending it may resolve this conflict. However, I believe that the original problem is the non-existence of a uniform code of ethics for public companies; further research is needed to determine the possibility of having a universal code of ethics that govern the actions of American public
...FO at the Houston airport. While Mr. Fastow's parents were undergoing a random search, he stopped to chat with Mr. Schwieger. "I never got an opportunity to explain the partnerships to you," he said, according to Mr. Schwieger. Mr. Schwieger replied, "With everything that has come to light, I probably wouldn't like the answer I would have gotten."
The importance of having a code of ethics is to define acceptable behaviors and promote higher standards of practice within a company. The code should provide a benchmark for...
Ethics policies are implemented in almost all businesses. Companies search for candidates that will be moral in their actions so they can ensure long-term financial success. Throughout history we have seen businesses fall due to unethical behavior. In recent years the business Enron Corporation is best known for the scandal that led to the bankruptcy of a company with more than 60 billion dollars in assets. We will examine the circumstances that led to the downfall of Enron, how the scandal was realized, as well as the outcome of one of the largest bankruptcies in American history; a case that exemplifies unethical professional behavior.
"Andrew Fastow Draws on Enron Failure in Speech on Ethics at CU." - The Denver Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Apr. 2014.
Enron deliberately created artificial shortages in California for electricity, two days in a row, causing the price to skyrocket. Enron is a natural gas and electricity plant/business that buys and sells energy. The most influential historical event that has happened during the 21ST century is The Enron Scandal because the loss sustained by investors exceeded $70 billion and only a small amount of the lost money was returned.
the social world of Enron. The fact that they took the form they did and to such a pronounced degree are certainly troubling and perhaps surprising. What should not be surprising is the role such ritualization processes played in the development of this type of deviance, given recognition of their importance in social relationships and organizations.
Ethical behavior is behavior that a person considers to be appropriate. A person’s moral principals are shaped from birth, and developed overtime throughout the person’s life. There are many factors that can influence what a person believes whats is right, or what is wrong. Some factors are a person’s family, religious beliefs, culture, and experiences. In business it is of great importance for an employee to understand how to act ethically to prevent a company from being sued, and receiving criticism from the public while bringing in profits for the company. (Mallor, Barnes, Bowers, & Langvardt, 2010) Business ethics is when ethical behavior is applied in an business environment, or by a business. There are many situations that can arise in which a person is experiencing an ethical dilemma. They have to choose between standing by their own personal ethical standards or to comply with their companies ethical standards. In some instances some have to choose whether to serve their own personal interests, or the interest of the company. In this essay I will be examining the financial events surrounding Bernie Madoff, and the events surrounding Enron.
Bernardi, Richard A., and LaCross, Catherine C. "Corporate Transparency: Code of Ethics Disclosure." The CPA Journal (2005). Retrieved on 16 September 2006 .
Enron Corporation was based in Houston, Texas and participated in the wholesale exchange of American energy and commodities (ex. electricity and natural gas). Enron found itself in the middle of a very public accounting fraud scandal in the early 2000s. The corruption of Enron’s CFO and top executives bring to question their ethics and ethical culture of the company. Additionally, examining Enron ethics, their organization culture, will help to determine how their criminal acts could have been prevented.
Unethical accounting practices involving Enron date back to 1987. Enron’s use of creative accounting involved moving profits from one period to another to manipulate earnings. Anderson, Enron’s auditor, investigated and reported these unusual transactions to Enron’s audit committee, but failed to discuss the illegality of the acts (Girioux, 2008). Enron decided the act was immaterial and Anderson went along with their decision. At this point, the auditor’s should have reevaluated their risk assessment of Enron’s internal controls in light of how this matter was handled and the risks Enron was willing to take The history of unethical accounting practic...
For those who do not know what fraud is, it’s basically deception by showing people what they want to see. In business it’s the same concept, but in a larger scale by means of manipulating figures that will be shown to shareholders and investors. Before Sarbanes Oxley Act there was “Enron Corporation”, a fortune 500 company that managed to falsify their statements claiming revenues over 101 billion in a span of 15 years. In order for us to understand how this corporation managed to deceive the public for so long, the documentary or movie “Smartest Guys in the Room” goes into depth by providing viewers with first-hand information from people that worked close with or for “Enron”.
Enron had rose to the top by engaging in energy projects worldwide and speculating in oil and gas futures on the world’s commodities markets. They also provided financial support to some presidential candidates and members of the U.S. Congress. However, Enron had a secret. The corporation had created partnerships located in off-shore
“When a company called Enron… ascends to the number seven spot on the Fortune 500 and then collapses in weeks into a smoking ruin, its stock worth pennies, its CEO, a confidante of presidents, more or less evaporated, there must be lessons in there somewhere.” - Daniel Henninger.
Enron was on the of the most successful and innovative companies throughout the 1990s. In October of 2001, Enron admitted that its income had been vastly overstated; and its equity value was actually a couple of billion dollars less than was stated on its income statement (The Fall of Enron, 2016). Enron was forced to declare bankruptcy on December 2, 2001. The primary reasons behind the scandal at Enron was the negligence of Enron’s auditing group Arthur Andersen who helped the company to continually perpetrate the fraud (The Fall of Enron, 2016). The Enron collapse had a huge effect on present accounting regulations and rules.
Through an organizational culture that focused on financial greed for self, illegal accounting practices, conflicts of interest partnerships, illegal business dealings, fraud, negligence, and massive corruption at all levels, the Enron scandal help to create new laws and regulations with stiff penalties if violated (Ferrell, et al, 2013). The federal government implemented the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) (Ferrell, et al, 2013).