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Psychology of stress essay
Discuss about stress stressors and stress responses
Psychology of stress essay
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During my undergraduate degree, I became fascinated by cardiovascular reactivity; the idea that physiological reactions of differing magnitudes to acute stress of can lead to vastly different health and behavioural outcomes particularly intrigued me. It was my psychology and psychophysiology modules which first aroused this interest and completing cardiovascular reactivity-based essays further enhanced this passion. Alongside developing my understanding of the theoretical foundations that underpin cardiovascular reactivity, I also started to focus on the research that could be conducted in the area. This directly contributed to my choice of my undergraduate dissertation topic: Childhood adversity as a potential origin of cardiovascular reactivity magnitude. This was my first experience as a "researcher" and instantaneously confirmed my pursuit of a research career. I enjoyed being in the laboratory, interacting with participants, reading around the topic, presenting my work and trying to …show more content…
A PhD at Birmingham would allow me to advance my research with the support from world-renowned experts in stress and health such as Professor Anna Whittaker, who is currently rewriting the “reactivity hypothesis” which underpins my entire proposed project. However, it is not just the psychophysiological research which attracted me, but the world-class research conducted by the whole of the School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences; the great diversity will allow for an insight from experts in other fields, such human physiology, neuroscience, and mixed methods research, which would benefit my interdisciplinary research. Thus, the University of Birmingham is an excellent choice for my
Aldwin, C. M., Levenson, M. R., & Spiro, A. ( 1994). Vulnerability and resilience to combat exposure: Can stress have lifelong effectsPsychology and Aging, 9, 34– 44.
Cardiovascular Activity And How it Influences the body. Introduction: Cardiovascular fitness is a form of aerobic fitness (Neporent and Egan 1997). There are many different ways of evaluating the amount of oxygen used during cardiovascular fitness and one the methods involved is called VO2 Max. VO2 Max is the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can hold.
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Each bodily physiological system has an individual established set point, or level of balance; however, some fluctuations in these levels are tolerated. The balance of any system can be, and regularly is, disturbed by internal and/or external events of the mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, and/or social types. When this balance is disrupted, and involuntary mobilizations of biological processes are not able to re-establish it, an alarm reaction is activated (Schedlowski and Tewes, 1999). This reaction is referred to as a stress response, and the activating agent is the stressor (Selye, 1936). Recently, studies of stress have shifted from demonstrating relationships between psychological factors and somatic outcomes, to investigations of the mediational pathways involved in these associations. For example, (Cohen and Williamson, 1991) have built on the work of Lazarus’ model by suggesting that once an environmental event is encountered, it is appraised, and an affective response is made.
The “Doing Nothing” experiment exposed me to a new way of seeing things and also a new level of awkwardness. Standing still in a public place for ten minutes, with people walking past you and starring you down like you are some crazy person is quite the experience. You begin to understand that people take great notice of anything that seems out of the ordinary to them. This is because our society has developed and enacted so many societal norms in today’s day and age.
A child experience early trauma that can develop unhealthy mind and body toward adulthood. To illustrate, ACE study shows people with high ACE score are likely to have physical damage to their body growing up (11). Another supported, scientist using ACE study data to conclude that “adversity” from stress starting at an early age causes damage to growth in a child body and mind (12). Childhood studies can explain the behavior effect on child growing up to adulthood because stress related can be the cause to unhealthy mind and unhealthy body. To sum up, Growing up in unhealthy environment that causes trauma to a child, will bring in mental and physical problems as they get
Cardiovascular disease is currently the leading cause of death in the United States. It is responsible for one in four deaths every year, about 600,000 mortalities. This disease affects men and women, as well as every ethnic group. Coronary artery disease is the most common cardiovascular disease, representing approximately 400,000 deaths per year of the aforementioned 600,000 total deaths from cardiovascular diseases as a whole. In 2010 alone, coronary artery disease cost the United States $108.9 billion for health care services, medication, and lost productivity. These chilling statistics, published every year by the American Medical Association, demonstrate the immediate need for new and innovative ways to prevent, detect, and treat coronary heart disease. This paper will explore the molecular biology behind the disease while explaining the current treatments and prevention that are available today, why they work and what can be done to improve them.
People are exposed to numerous amounts of positive and negative events throughout their lifetime. No one is given a life that is perfect or free from difficulty. Whether it is a death in the family, chronic illness, house fire, automobile accident, or any other type of impacting event, stressors are bound to occur throughout one’s life. Since people are constantly exposed to stressors in life, it is essential that one is able to adequately cope. There are three types of responses to stress. The first is the positive stress response, which is a normal and brief response to stress and is characterized by a mild increase in heart rate (“Toxic Stress,” 2017). One example of a positive stress response could be the slight apprehension one feels before
Vaughn, M, and Q. Fu, and K. Beaver, and M. DeLisi, and B. Perron, and M. Howard. (2011). Effects of Childhood Adversity. Journal of Interpersonal Viole, 26 (17), pp. 3509-3525.
The article focuses on the results when a patient is exposed to a specific stressor to help determine anxie...
Stressors initiate a response within the organism and causes changes in the body, specifically responses in the body’s autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system has two branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic autonomic nervous system helps the body deal with the stress it encounters, initiating the ‘fight or flight’ response. Once the threat has passed, the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system will take over, relaxing the body. There is a balance between these two in a healthy person. However, when someone stays on guard, using the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, all sorts of physical effects can
The most fascinating aspect of this experience, for me, was the exposure to new cultures. This includes the twist culture puts on science. I found huge difference in the viewpoints of many cultures towards science related issues surprising. For instance many cultures had vastly different ways of looking at the forthcoming issues surrounding the implications of genetic engineering. The Asian and American cultures were very different in many work habit areas as well. There was an interesting group dynamic as culturally mixed groups strove to collectively complete group projects. The cultural sharing in science went beyond how questions were answered to how they were asked to which questions were most important and even which questions were addressed. while observing the cultural spin on science and work habits was an interesting pastime, the true wonder was cultural sharing on a greater scale.
How does childhood trauma affect health over a lifetime? To answer this question, let’s dive deeper into childhood trauma affects health across a lifetime and really try to dissect this complex question. The key points that will be discussed in this essay are: The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study, defining emotional trauma on a child, defining physical trauma on a child, and the role trauma plays in our relationships. Also, discussed in this essay is the effects of trauma on our mental and physical health.
( no updated date) to the current date. Penn State University Division of Sport Psychology. 29 May 2002 < http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/s/m/sms18/kines321/stress.html>.
The human body has different ways of responding to stress; one quick responding nerve-hormonal system involving adrenaline, another long-lasting system involving cortisol, and perhaps others. These systems not only determine the intensity of our anxiety reactions but also our attitudes, energy level, depression, and physical health after the stressful events are over. As individuals, our nervous systems differ; however, according to Richard Dienstbier at the University of Nebraska, we may be able to modify our unique physiological reactions by learning coping skills. The genetic, constitutional, and intrauterine factors influence stress. Some of us may have been born "nerv...
...curate and working piece of scientific software by a deadline, forcing me to learn how to deal with it all on the fly. I now feel immensely more prepared to take on any project, and far more accustomed to academia, having taken my first steps down the path of research.