Canine Parvovirus

This paper reviews the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of canine parvovirus 2-strain c (CPV-2c), a viral infection that affects dogs of a variety of ages, mainly puppies or unvaccinated adult dogs. As a virus, CPV-2c is resilient; the replication of CPV-2c in rapidly dividing cells facilitates acute-onset of the virus. Conventional detection of CPV-2c consists of systemic symptoms, a thorough patient history, and diagnostic testing. Although symptoms presented in the right patient are distinct, most veterinarians do not recommend diagnosis solely based on clinical symptoms; will typically run a fecal test before advancing to treatment options. Pharmacotherapy performed to relieve pain, nausea and other symptoms of CPV-2c is the best treatment

Furthermore, with a mortality rate of approximately 50-98%, CPV-2 is indisputably one of the most prodigious and detrimental endemics among puppies (Prittie, 2004). There are three recognized strains of CPV-2: CPV-2a, CPV-2b, CPV-2c, this paper will review CPV-2c, the most recent and rampant of the three to have emerged in the United States (Gagnon 2016). The key to understanding the adversary is by examination of the enemy itself, including an overview of the history, diagnosis, treatments, and prevention of

On the second day, the virus will replicate in rapidly dividing cells found in lymphoid tissues before metastasizing via the bloodstream (Prittie, 2004). While the virus replicates in the host’s cells, an infected cell is unable to commence mitosis. Once infiltrated, the infected cell is a foundation for replication for approximately five to seven days until the virus materializes as clinical symptoms. The presence of enteritis may indicate viremia; depending on the severity of the disease, it may occur within three to five days of viral ingestion (Meunier, 1985). Usually, viral shedding and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms will manifest on the fourth day of infection. However, this may differ from patient to patient depending on the number of vaccines received, and maternal antibodies present in the pet’s system. A large number of maternal antibodies present, or vaccines received can lessen the symptoms of CPV-2c.

The manifestation of GI symptoms indicates that the virus has metastasized into the small intestine where it dishevels the absorption of nutrients and digestive enzyme