My project is: Can marinating chicken prior to grilling reduce the amount of carcinogens? Carcinogens are basically substances that are capable of causing cancer. Two examples of carcinogens are heterocyclic amines (HCA’s) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH’s). Heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are simply chemicals formed when meat is cooked at very high temperatures. I think that if I marinate the chicken breast before grilling it, then it will reduce the amount of carcinogens present in the meat because I learned from my biology class about proteins denaturing, or taking away, from acids. I was watching my mom make chicken the other day for dinner and she marinated the chicken in lemon juice. While I was watching her, I observed that the edges of the chicken breast had turned white. I was wondering if this denaturing process could obstruct the formation of heterocyclic amines to decrease the risk of cancer from grilled chicken breast.
Carcinogens are substances that are capable of causing cancer. When a cell’s DNA changes, cancer is caused. Not all carcinogens affect DNA directly, but cause cancer in other ways. An example would be that the carcinogens could increase the probability that DNA changes will happen if the carcinogens cause the cells to split apart at a rate faster than normal. Exposure to carcinogens will not cause cancer every time. There are many ways to get exposed to carcinogens that are very common such as ultraviolet light, radon gas, pollution, and workplace/ household exposures, but not all of them will lead to cancer because they have “different levels of cancer-causing potential”. After prolonged and high levels of exposure, some carcinogens can cause cancer. It doe...
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...cook the meat. Now black pepper is an interesting spice because it is produced from the pepper plant’s unripe and still-green drupes. To form black pepper, these drupes are briefly soaked and cooked in hot water to both clean and prepare for them to dry. While drying, cell walls in the pepper are ruptured due to the heat. This rupturing speeds up the work of browning enzymes during drying. The seeds shrink, darkening into a thing, wrinkled black layer, when the drupes are dried in the sun or even by a machine. This drying process can take several days to accomplish. Next, by crushing the berries, pepper spirit and oil can be extracted.
In conclusion, when you marinate chicken breasts before grilling, I believe you will be able to reduce the amount of carcinogens. Preventing cancer by taking small measures will result in a happier, healthier and longer life.
Hemp oil is extracted by pressing the raw hemp seeds from the Cannabis Sativa or hemp plant. While all of the species of Cannabis plants can produce oil, generally only industrial hemp is used to make hemp seed oil. Cold pressed, unrefined hemp oil has a rich, nutty flavor and green tint. But once refined, hemp oil becomes colorless and fairly flavorless.
Driving emits particle pollution, which increases the risk of heart disease, lung cancer and asthma. Particle pollution is processed in two ways, either mechanical or chemical.
"Red meat and colon cancer." Harvard Health Publications. Harvard, Mar. 2008. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
The cancer cells from gene-mutation. Scientists now know some of the risk factors for lung cancer can cause certain changes in the DNA of lung cells. These changes can lead to not normal cell growth and, sometimes, cancer. DNA is the chemical in each of our cells that makes up our genes and how our cells function. People usually look like their parents because they are the source of our DNA. But DNA affects more than how we look; it also can affect our risk for developing certain diseases, including some kinds of cancer like lung cancer etc…Some people inherit DNA mutation from their parents that greatly increase their risk for developing certain cancers.
With smoking cigarettes, cancer can be developed through the lungs, mouth, nose, throat, larynx, trachea, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, kidneys, bladder, cervix, bone marrow, and blood. The most recent causes are lung cancer and cardiovascular disease/ respiratory disease which causes a stroke. These chemicals damage DNA which causes the cells to grow abnormally. It starts to affect the immune system which begins to kill the cells. The cells don’t function properly to maintain proper blood flow which in the end causes cancer. With higher heart rate and blood pressure, the platelets in the blood begin to stick together and form clots which causes amputation. Smoking cigarettes also causes diabetes and teeth/ gum disease. Smoking cigarettes causes eye problems and it affects vision. Smoking cigarettes affects infertility and impotence which causes pregnancy and newborn complications. It begins to affect the baby by becoming premature or having some sort of disease. Smoking cigarettes can change your entire physical
. Smoking is the leading cause of death by cancer. 1 out of every 5 deaths occurring in America is due to its cancerous effects. The Center for Disease Control estimates that over 46 million Americans smoke cigarettes daily. The International Agency for Research on Cancer is a world health organization that identifies causes of cancer. Through the use of patterns and lab results they can classify certain elements as carcinogens. A carcinogen can be defined as any substance or toxin that is known to produce cancer. There are more than 6000 of these cancer producing toxins found within cigarettes. Arsenic, Benzene, and Vinyl chloride are just a few of the most harmful carcinogens used by tobacco companies. Vinyl chloride is a basic component in manufacturing plastic. Excessive exposure to vinyl chloride has been proven to be pre-cancerous ultimately manifesting into full blown malignant cancer. The most notable effect of vinyl chloride is the cause of...
...of not only them but also other things. (Schulz 2005). Finally, in conclusion, gene mutations and alterations affect the body’s ability to control the rate of cell division, which therefore defines cancer the direct result of gene mutation. Cells affected by mutations are exposed to the reproduction into a tumour. Once the tumour expands in growth, more and more mutations occur in subsequent cell divisions and eventually become a dysplasia and instigates invasion into surrounding tissues. In simpler terms, the cancer is spread to other organs and parts of the body. Following this, metastasis occurs resulting in the cancer spreading through the person and/or animals blood stream and/or lymphatic systems and forms other colonies which thus secretes other harmful organelles, and also disrupts normal bodily function, and possibly leading to and eventuating in death.
In the United States 85 to 90 percent of all lung cancer cases are related to smoking. Cigarette smoking is the main cause of lung cancer (Scientific American, “Lung Cancer';). Second-hand smoke, inhaled by non-smokers, increases a person’s chance of acquiring lung cancer (Beau Halton). Men who smoke increase their chance of dying from lung cancer about 23 times and women increase their chances 13 times (“Lung Cancer Awareness Campaign,'; 3/23/99). However, lung cancer may also be caused by long term exposure to radon, a naturally present radioactive gas (SIRS, “What is Cancer?';). The residue of burned petroleum and coal can contribute to lung cancer (Scientific American, “Lung Cancer';). The development of lung cancer seems to be also affected by genes. The gene histidine triad blocks the formation of tumors, so a defective gene could make one more likely to form a tumor (Microsoft, “Lung Cancer';).
Yang, M. (2011). A current global view of environmental and occupational cancers. Journal Of Environmental Science And Health. Part C, Environmental Carcinogenesis & Ecotoxicology Reviews, 29(3), 223-249. doi:10.1080/10590501.2011.601848
In the United States, starting from the first breast cancer case in 1930s to today, a woman's lifetime risk of breast cancer increases to one eighth (Gray et al.). Continuously increasing breast cancer rate has caused a lot of concerns among not only ordinary people but also scientists. For decades, scientists have been working on the causes of breast cancer in order to find the corresponding methods of treatment. However, only about 25% of the breast cancer cases got explained (Brody et al.); till today, heredity, lifetime exposure to environmental estrogen (the female sex hormone), and the dietary fat are the only major known causes (“Cover Story: Breast Cancer and Environment”). For the 75% unexplained breast cancers cases, scientists, through various of researches, have come up with several hypothetical breast cancer causes, in which synthetic chemicals and environmental radiations are the major ones.
To begin, people can receive certain forms of cancer if they use tobacco products. When discussing health problems of smoking, the author writes, “Smoking harms nearly every organ in the body” (Harms of Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting). Scientists have conducted research and have concluded that using a tobacco product damages cells. The damaged cells become mutated and form cancer cells. The author goes on to explain, “Among the 250 known harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 69 can cause cancer” (Harms of Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting). These harmful chemicals are catalysts for many types of cancer. Some of these toxins include arsenic, carbon monoxide, and lead. When directly consumed, these chemicals are very pernicious, so it is obvious that they can cause diseases like ...
There are over 7,000 chemicals present in tobacco smoke. Of those over 250 are deemed harmful, and of those 69 are cancer causing. Those cancer causing substances are called carcinogens (Nugel). It is clear that cancer and smoking can be linked. Smoking causes cancer of the lung esophagus, larynx, mouth,...
...a lot of red meat and high-fat dairy are at a slightly higher risk for prostate cancer. Reducing consumption of these foods may reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
Tobacco smoking is linked to at least 17 different types of cancer such as lung cancer and oral cancer, and it leads to more than six million deaths per year. The smoke itself is made up of a large mixture of chemicals, at least 60 being carcinogens, substances that can lead to cancer. The way in which these substances cause cancer is by damaging the DNA which can lead to mutations in the cancer gene. The carcinogen
Alexander, D. D. (2010). A review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of red and processed meat intake and prostate cancer. Nutrition Journal, 50.