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Romanesque and gothic architecture
History of ancient and medieval architecture
Romanesque and gothic architecture
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1. Summary Description
Burgos Cathedral is a Gothic-style Roman Catholic cathedral in Burgos, Spain. The construction of the cathedral, ordered by King Ferdinand III of Castile, started in 1221 under the influence of French Gothic style and was completed in nine years. Yet, it continued to expand until 1567 with the addition of early Renaissance works. Built over more than three centuries, Burgos Cathedral, therefore, is a vivid example of not only the architectural development of Gothic style but the complete history of Gothic art. The entire complex, including the Constable chapel, the octagonal tower and the two western spires, is supported on the slope of the citadel hill and a series of underground chapels. Richly decorated and characterized with pointed arches, rib vaults and flying buttresses, Burgos Cathedral was declared a World Heritage Site in 1984 by UNESCO for its grandeur and unique architecture, as well as its historical significance.
2. The Situated Work Spain Region Map
Map of the Inscribed Property
Aerial Imagery of Burgos, Spain
Overview from the North
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The city is the capital of the province of Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon . It stands 2785 feet above sea level with the winds sweeping down from the distant Sierra in bitter blasts. Its streets are narrow but with little traffic, running east and west in lines more or less parallel to the river Arlanzon. Burgos is unique for its many historic landmarks, including a large number of churches, palaces and other buildings from the Middle Ages. Derived from the German word, burgo which means a collection of houses, its name, Burgos, points to its origins as a town of burghers that was comparable to the most progressive towns in France, Flanders and Italy of the day
In conclusion, I admire the work ethic of the individuals who built this cathedral because it shows work ethic, precise with mathematics, and a strong religious faith. During this Gothic time frame in history majority of their art resembled images that the Holy Bible describes. Religion during this time period was represented very well even experts are still amazed as to how this cathedral were built so tall and high. Even though this cathedral has been exposed to stress, with the assistant with the flying buttress, ribbed ceiling, and metal this cathedral will be an ongoing restorative process so that it will be around for generation here to come to admire its beauty.
Both St. John the Baptist Cathedral and Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Chartres are constructed in French Gothic style which means that architecturally they have many similarities. However, the 700 year gap between their construction
I chose two cathedrals for my post, the Durham Cathedral and the Chartres Cathedral. The Durham Cathedral, my example of Romanesque architecture, was built from local sandstone in 1087-1133 CE (the east wing was replaced in 1242) and is currently located in Nothern England. The Gothic style structure, the Chartres Cathedral (also known as the Cathedral of Notre-Dame), was mostly constructed between 1194 and 1220 CE due to a fire causing it to be rebuilt. Assembled utilizing limestone, this colossal structure is currently located in France and is known for it’s strikingly beautiful stained-glass windows. These structures share a few similarities, like their ribbed groin vaults (the crossing segments on the ceiling of the hallways), the high-placed windows as well as their huge circular window that were added to provide light and a
This work is typical for this era because the architectural style Gothic is known for its height being tall and made from stone and tall flying buttress...
Antoni Gaudi considered himself to be directly connected to Gothic styles through his art and architecture, deemed Neo-Gothic. A Spanish Architect known mostly for his dabbling in Art Nouveau. Gaudi is the best known example of these types of structures. Bordering on the fantastical and fluctuating between real and imaginary, his works make you think twice and leave you awestruck, much like the impressions of the original Gothic structures. La Sagrada Familia in Barcelona is one of the best known buildings in the world. A UNESCO World Heritage site since 2005, it's construction began more than 120 years ago. Starting in 1882 with a man named Joseph Bocabella, the basilica as we know it today would not have been possible without the changes of Antoni Gaudi starting in 1883. Prior to his involvement, Bocabella, a
In the beginning of the story, the narrator feels very uncomfortable knowing that he will
Analyzing Raymond Carver’s short story, “Cathedral,” his writing is considered to be minimalistic, and the story contains themes of prejudice and religion. Since Hemingway was an influence on Carver, minimalism has shown up in his work as well. As for the themes, Carver uses his characters to come to overcome a prejudice of blindness and end with an epiphany through religion while drawing a cathedral hand over hand.
In Raymond Carver’s short story Cathedral, the narrator is forced to come to terms with the fact that just because you’re looking at something that’s in front of you doesn’t mean you’re truly seeing what it is. Despite what he may think at the beginning of the story, the narrator is not actually superior to Raymond because of his ability to see. The fact that he can see and that he takes being able to see for granted is what causes him to just look at what’s around him rather than seeing them for what they really are.
In Florence, Italy a cathedral stands over the grave of its architect, Filippo Brunelleschi. The Cathedral of Florence that now serves as his monument was one of his largest architectural developments. Little is known about Filippo’s childhood because he was not very famous; however, later in life he made huge accomplishments in the field of architecture. Filippo Brunelleschi’s structures were considered glorious at the time and are still standing today.
The church in the Middle Ages was a place that all people, regardless of class, could belong to. As a source of unity, its influence on art and architecture was great during this time. As society drew away from the feudal system of the Romanesque period, a new spirit of human individualism began to take hold; alas, the birth of Gothic. Here, the Church became a place where humanity became more acceptable, alas becoming the ideal place to visual such new ideals. The beauty and elegance of Gothic architecture is depicted most in the great cathedrals of the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries—St. Denis, Notre Dame, Chartres, Salisbury, Durham, Amiens, and more. The experience of looking at one of the great gothic cathedrals is to look up towards God. Indeed, most Gothic structures emphasize the vertical, drawing one’s eyes upwards toward the heavens with the awesomeness of God. These cathedrals were built with towering spires, pointed arches and flying buttresses giving impressions of harmony and luminosity. One of the major accomplishments of the 12th and 13th centuries was to develop the engineering mastery of the ribbed vault, pointed arch and flying buttress to create a great cathedral that is at once taller, lighter, wider, and more elegant than the ones before. Even though the pointed arch could support more weight than its predecessors, there was still the problem of finding a way to support the heavy masonry ceiling vaults over wide spans. In order to support the outward thrust of barrel vaults, vertical support walls have to be very thick and heavy. What makes possible the extensive use of ribbed vaulting and pointed arches to “open” and “lighten” the walls and space of the cathedral is the flying buttress—“an arched bridge above the aisle roof that extends from the upper nave wall, where the lateral thrust of the main vault is greatest, down to a solid pier.”
Hagia Sophia, which is also known as the Church of the Holy Wisdom, was built in the sixth century ce (532-537) under the direction of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. This architectural work is located in Constantinople, or what is now known as Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia is considered an unparalleled historical and architectural medieval monument because of its structural engineering, illogical designs, and material foundation.
People do not know they are blindsighted until someone offers them a different perception. In Raymond Carver's “Cathedral,” the narrator is prejudiced, insecure, and rude toward his wife's old time friend who is an older blind man. As the blind man spends time with the couple over a visit, the narrator grows to understand the man, and his stereotypes are proven wrong. Carver's Cathedral illustrates a man's personal transformation from being prejudiced to accepting through the use of character interaction, imagery, and symbolism. Carver uses character interaction to develop a friendship between the narrator and the blind man, Robert.
The San Vitale is primarily built of brick with a marble and mosaic interior. The ground plan consists of a octagonal organization with a central dome supported by a tall cylindrical drum. Separated by clerestory windows, is a dome in a concentric form of clay tubed rings and seven curved exedras connected to vaulted semi domes. At the main entrance of this chapel is a narthax making it off access from the adjustment apsidal chapels. On either side of the narthax is two projecting towers, one being a spiral stair tower and the other a bell tower. Connecting the central dome area and the ambulatory is 8 strong masonry pillars. The outer prism incorporates two levels of galleries with eccentric mosaics from floor to ceiling. Whether marble or mosaic stone, the monument fills t...
In the story, “cathedral” Raymond Carver, is a story about bringing people together. This story has three main characters. However, the story mostly focuses on the blind man and the narrator. The narrator was a very narrow-minded and didn’t want to get involved or have any relationship with anyone else. However, through the course of the story, the narrator was able to make a friendship with his wife’s friend the blind man by using a cathedral, which brought them together. Carver uses exposition to develop his plot and characters. Exposition is used to introduce background information to the story’s audience. The tone of this story will lead into major character developments. The exposition will help the audience understand where each character
All over the world people still come to admire the beauty of European cathedrals. Many of the cathedrals are fragile due to age, neglect, pollution, and insufficient funds available to restore these historical and beautiful buildings. Nevertheless, visitors to these architectural masterpieces are fascinated by the design and structure of these churches. The cathedral builders using their own ingenuity, expertise, and limited resources were able to defy the laws of gravity and time. (Icher 30)