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Impact of globalization on music
Impact of globalization on music
Impact of globalization on music
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Throughout the past several hundred years, most notably during the Renaissance, Western Europe has transformed into one of the cultural capitals of the world. Cultural development was encouraged and Western Europe became known for artistic achievements that have withstood the test of time. During the 19th century, however, other countries across the globe wished to cultivate a reputation that would be comparable to the ones of France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Great Britain, and other likewise nations. Russian leaders, for example, encouraged the exposure of Western music to the nation (Curtis). In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Russia’s greatest composers began to emerge: Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Igor Stravinsky, …show more content…
An upbringing in Russia and involvement in traditional aspects of Russian life are interwoven into the melodies of Rachmaninoff’s works. Although he was not deeply religious and his individual actions clashed with the doctrines of the Russian Orthodox Church, there are traces of liturgical music in his works that were both implicitly and explicitly added. The unstable and “oftentimes negative relation between the government and church” made liturgical references somewhat controversial in Russia; nonetheless, Sergei Rachmaninoff produced music that evidently was influenced by religion, specifically church bells and traditional Russian Orthodox chants (Curtis). The piece in which religion is most starkly mentioned is The Bells. Despite statements that Rachmaninoff sought inspiration from a poem by Edgar Allan Poe, Rachmaninoff mainly based the piece on the church bells that were prevalent in his surroundings and …show more content…
The two had a “mutual admiration” for each other’s work (Timofeev) and Tchaikovsky predicted that Rachmaninoff would become a great composer. Given that he critiqued Rachmaninoff’s early compositions, it is clear that his stylistic choices would have some sort of a presence. Tchaikovsky greatly shaped Rachmaninoff’s musical career; even those who had no musical experience would have an impact on the Sergei’s works, as seen in the inspiration behind his second piano concerto. However, Rachmaninoff later developed his own unique style, as seen in his second piano
Tensions in Russia in the Early 1900 In the early 1900, Russia faced various kinds of problems in terms of society and politics. Although the largest country in the world, Russia could only offer 5% of its land for farming. The rest was useless due to the extremely low temperatures throughout the year. The problem with land meant that peasants did not produce a sufficient amount of food, consequently resulting famine all over the country.
The "old" European attitude, and the attitude that attracts many modern performers to early music, is exactly the opposite of the modern attitude:
TitleAuthor/ EditorPublisherDate James Galways’ Music in TimeWilliam MannMichael Beazley Publishers1982 The Concise Oxford History of MusicGerald AbrahamOxford University Press1979 Music in Western CivilizationPaul Henry LangW. W. Norton and Company1941 The Ultimate Encyclopaedia of Classical MusicRobert AinsleyCarlton Books Limited1995 The Cambridge Music GuideStanley SadieCambridge University Press1985 School text: Western European Orchestral MusicMary AllenHamilton Girls’ High School1999 History of MusicRoy BennettCambridge University Press1982 Classical Music for DummiesDavid PogueIDG Books Worldwide,Inc1997
Russia in the 1930s By 1928, Stalin had ousted Trotsky and the rest of the Left opposition. In four years, Stalin had single handedly taken major steps away from Lenin’s collective leadership and free inter-party debate and replaced them with his autocratic dictatorship. Stalin began to secure predominant power over the communist party and the state by destroying passive opposition from the peasantry and former Lenin supporters. He won growing support from the working class, who were impressed with the initial five-year plan. It promised increased industrialization, which would lead to socialism in one country within their lifetime.
Under a backdrop of systematic fear and terror, the Stalinist juggernaut flourished. Stalin’s purges, otherwise known as the “Great Terror”, grew from his obsession and desire for sole dictatorship, marking a period of extreme persecution and oppression in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s. “The purges did not merely remove potential enemies. They also raised up a new ruling elite which Stalin had reason to think he would find more dependable.” (Historian David Christian, 1994). While Stalin purged virtually all his potential enemies, he not only profited from removing his long-term opponents, but in doing so, also caused fear in future ones. This created a party that had virtually no opposition, a new ruling elite that would be unstoppable, and in turn negatively impacted a range of sections such as the Communist Party, the people of Russia and the progress in the Soviet community, as well as the military in late 1930 Soviet society.
Throughout history there have been many odd characters. Russian history was not excluded. Grigory Rasputin, who was an assistant to the Royal Russian family, was an unusual man.
For almost half a century, the musical world was defined by order and esteemed the form of music more highly than the emotion that lay behind it. However, at the turn of the 19th century, romantic music began to rise in popularity. Lasting nearly a century, romantic music rejected the ideas of the classical era and instead encouraged composers to embrace the idea of emotionally driven music. Music was centered around extreme emotions and fantastical stories that rejected the idea of reason. This was the world that Clara Wieck (who would later marry the famous composer, Robert Schumann) was born into. Most well known for being a famous concert pianist, and secondly for being a romantic composer, Clara intimately knew the workings of romantic music which would not only influence Clara but would later become influenced by her progressive compositions and performances, as asserted by Bertita Harding, author of Concerto: The Glowing Story of Clara Schumann (Harding, 14). Clara’s musical career is an excellent example of how romantic music changed from virtuosic pieces composed to inspire awe at a performer’s talent, to more serious and nuanced pieces of music that valued the emotion of the listener above all else.
...from America’s heritage and this is why Antonin Dvorak and his “New World” Symphony is a very important part of the late romantic music period among nationalism composers.
Since Beethoven was seen as such an influential composer, many sought to compose music similar to that of Beethoven and the other masters who had set the stage for classical music. Yet they could not be too similar to Beethoven and had to have uniqueness in their compositions. As Burkholder explains, composers that followed the musical canon, “...distinguished from their lesser contemporaries by their level of craftsmanship, by the strength of their musical personality, and by an ineffable quality of ‘inspiration,’ ‘beauty,’ or ‘truth’.(Burkholder 120). The craftsmanship can be interpreted as the way they created their compositions in a great way such as the main inspirers of these young composers did. The craftsmanship had to of course to make it an impact, like pieces in any museum, they have to show skill and express the quality of their design. Their strength in musical personality had to show their uniqueness and style they imposed when composing music, to the point where they could be distinguished through their compositions. This strength in personality had to pop out while still following and showing their inspiration, which was the most important quality, to that of the masters of classical music. The inspiration was a key factor that lead to the rise of the musical
Some of the most well known composers came to be in the in the classical music period. Ludwig van Beethoven was one of the composers, along with other greats of the time like Haydn and Mozart, which helped to create a new type of music. This new music had full rich sounds created by the new construction of the symphony orchestra.
Sergei Rachmaninoff is considered to be the final, magnificent composer of the Romantic era in Russian classical music, ushering forward its traditions into the twentieth century. His four concertos are a reflection of his development as a composer and pianist, with regard to maturity and compositional style. The evolution of music during the late nineteenth century to early twentieth century had no significant effect on Rachmaninoff; rather he continued to produce ingenious works reflective of his Russian upbringing and the Romantic era.
Classical music can be best summed by Mr. Dan Romano who said, “Music is the hardest kind of art. It doesn't hang up on a wall and wait to be stared at and enjoyed by passersby. It's communication. Its hours and hours being put into a work of art that may only last, in reality, for a few moments...but if done well and truly appreciated, it lasts in our hearts forever. That's art, speaking with your heart to the hearts of others.” Starting at a young age Johann Sebastian Bach and Ludwig van Beethoven have done just that with their musical compositions. Both musical composers changed the world of music and captivated the hearts of many. Their love of composing shared many similar traits, though their musical styles were much different.
During the nineteenth century, many new ideas emerged in politics, economy, science, society, ideology, arts and music. The Romantics valued exoticism and nationalism. Nationalism movements were the trend all over Europe, as people emphasized on more distinct cultural styles in music (individualism). Chopin was inspired by this idea and he introduced music that carried the uniqueness of Polish rhythm and melodies to other Europeans. This style in music was very influential.
Tchaikovsky is one of the most popular of all composers. The reasons are several and understandable. His music is extremely tuneful, opulently and colourfully scored, and filled with emotional passion. Undoubtedly the emotional temperature of the music reflected the composer's nature. He was afflicted by both repressed homosexuality and by the tendency to extreme fluctuations between ecstasy and depression. Tchaikovsky was neurotic and deeply sensitive, and his life was often painful, but through the agony shone a genius that created some of the most beautiful of all romantic melodies. With his rich gifts for melody and special flair for writing memorable dance tunes, with his ready response to the atmosphere of a theatrical situation and his masterly orchestration, Tchaikovsky was ideally equipped as a ballet composer. His delightful fairy-tale ballets, Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker are performed more than any other ballets. Swan Lake, Tchaikovsky's first ballet, was commissioned by the Imperial Theatres in Moscow in 1875. He used some music from a little domestic ballet of the same title, composed for his sister Alexandra's children in 1871.
With the transition of Russia, from an Orthodox religious, tsarist autocracy, to a progressively industrial entity and eventual Communist state, came a liberation in the mindset of art, producing radical attributes that coincided with their historical context. Along with this societal metamorphosis, the previous artistic movements of Cubism, Futurism and the like provided for a shift from concrete expressions to more abstract counterparts. Early twentieth century Russia served as the appropriate breeding grounds for this type of art for the historical events it experienced such as the First World War and the Russian Revolution. The main proponent to such radical thought was the Russian avant-garde, a group of individuals utilizing artistic