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Brain Anatomy And Function
Brain practical anatomy
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One night your best friends invite you over for pizza and to play some card games. While enjoying the pizza and games certain parts of your brain are still functioning to make sure things run smoothly. The four areas we will focus on are Broca’s area, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus, and the occipital lobe.
First, the Broca’s area falls under the association area of the cortex. The Broca’s area is located in the left frontal lobe of the brain. The main focus of the Broca’s area is designated for the production of speech. Meaning, when people speak it will come out smoothly and fluently. So when you are with your friends the Broca’s area is making sure you are socializing and is allowing you to smoothly communicate with others.
Second,
the hippocampus is a structure that is located under the cortex. It was developed to help form long-term declarative memories. The memories are then stored in another part of the brain where memories for locations of objects are stored. This area is helping everyone remember immediate and long-term memories from the evening. Thirdly, the hypothalamus is another structure located under the cortex. This area regulates body temperature, if he or she is hungry or thirsty, if he or she is sleepy, sexual activity, and emotions. It also controls the pituitary, meaning it regulates hormones. This area will allow one to know when he or she is full or if he or she is still hungry. Lastly, the occipital lobe, which is located near the cortex. The occipital lobe can be found at the rear and bottom of each cerebral hemisphere. This lobes main job is to process visual information from the eyes. This is a major area of the body for everyone at the party because it allows them to see one another, see the pizza, and the cards. In conclusion, these four areas mentioned are important for your everyday functioning. They make sure to communicate key information so you will be able to function and feel like you are supposed to as a human being. If any of these were to stop functioning like they are supposed to you may run in to some difficulties.
Broca's Aphasia occurs from damage to the inferior frontal gyrus and affects speech production, which is why it is sometimes referred to as "non-fluent aphasia." People with Broca's aphasia are completely aware of their inability to produce speech fluently, so they often become frustrated.
Eichenbaum, H., Otto, T., & Cohen, N. J. (1992). The hippocampus—what does it do? Behavioral
The brain has four major lobes. The frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the occipital lobe, and temporal lobe are responsible for all of the activities of the body, from seeing, hearing, tasting, to touching, moving, and even memory. After many years of debating, scientist presents what they called the localization issue, Garret explains how Fritsch and Hitzig studied dog with conforming observations, but the cases of Phineas Gage’s accident in 1848 and Paul Broca’s autopsy of a man brain in 1861 really grabbed the attention of an enthusiastic scientific community (Garret 2015 p.6)
The frontal lobe comprises a third of the brain and it enables us to engage in higher cognitive functions such as planning and problem solving (Jonides & Smith, 1999). The frontal lobe is divided into 3 regions, the motor cortex, premotor cortex, and prefrontal cortex. The motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus and directs fine motor coordination. The premotor cortex is involved in planning, organizing, and integrating body movements. The prefrontal is involved in executive functions, including short-term memory, working memory, decision making, and prioritizing behaviors (Wilson, 2003). Some of the frontal lobe disorders than can cause brain damage and behavioral changes are Huntington’s disease, infection, stroke, tourettes, dementia, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, tumors, closed head injury and traumatic brain injury (Chow, 2000).
lobes 1. The second is the hippocampus (meaning seahorses in Greek) which it resembles2) which is located below the cerebral cortex and responsible for short term memory. If we study samples of these two sections, we would find three. irregularities which are not found in normal brain matter. These three are called neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plagues and granulovacuolar.
The human brain weighs approximately three pounds and contains approximately 100 billion neurons (Farmer, 2009, p. 21). The brainstem is the oldest part of the brain and it controls important functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and our fundamental emotions such as happiness or sadness. It also sends and receives information from the spinal cord. Above the brainstem is the thalamus, which connects to the higher cortical regions of the brain. It manages sensations such as touch. The hippocampus surrounds the thalamus and it manages spatial working memory, learning, and emotion. The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain is responsible for movement and cognitive and emotional functions. The outer region of the brain is the cerebral cortex and is divided i...
It controls basic functions that are critical to life. These necessary functions include breathing air, digesting food, and circulating blood. The cerebral cortex is the largest part of the brain. This is the part of the brain that is associated with thought and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections which are known as lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe. Each lobe has a specific function. The frontal lobe controls emotional expression, problem solving, memory, language, judgment, and sexual behavior. The parietal lobe processes sensory information dealing with taste, temperature, and touch. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information. The temporal lobe is in charge of processing auditory information. The limbic system contains the brain’s reward circuit. It is a complex set of structures that lies on both sides of the thalamus, just under the cerebrum. It includes the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. The limbic system is primarily responsible for our emotional life, and has a lot to do with the formation of
...owell, E. R., Thompson, P. M., & Toga, A. W. (2004). Mapping changes in the human cortex
Drugs affect your brain and in turn can alter your moods and behavior. Drugs are chemicals that tap into our brain’s communication system and disrupt the way nerve cells receive, send and process information. Drugs interfere with the exchange of information in the brain producing changes that promote repeated drug use. Drugs can imitate the brain’s natural chemical messengers, or they over stimulate the reward circuit of our brain.
The brain is an incredible part of our body and it controls everything from body coordination, thinking processes, and regulating body functions. The brain has enough energy to power a 25watt bulb. Now that’s power! The brain is composed of the cerebrum (and its lobes), the thalamus, hypothalamus, brainstem and cerebellum. The cerebrum consists of the; frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. It’s the largest part of the brain and accumulates 85 percent of the weight. (1) Each part of the brain has its own specific and unique functions. Scientists have and still are studying to unlock the mysteries and full potentially of the human brain.
The left and right hemispheres of the brain are each divided into sections. Within each sections are lobes, controlling such processes as our visualization, our movement, and our personalities. For instance, the occipital lobe in the back of our brain is responsible for processing vision, and the frontal lobe behind our forehead controls cognition and personality. The lobes of the brain are split between the right and left hemispheres of the brain. This well-designed arrangement is for the lobes to function correctly, so the two hemispheres of the brain can communicate with one
The area at the front of the brain is the largest. Most of it is known as the cerebrum. It controls all of the movements that you have to think about, thought and memory.
Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., & Hare, T. (2008). The adolescent brain. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124, 111–126. Eaton Reyna, V.F. and Rivers, S.E. (2008).
Another equally important part of our brains is the limbic system. The limbic system is most often referred to as the “emotional brain”. This area of the brain is concealed by the cerebrum. Since it is the emotional part of our brain it contains areas that relate to emotion regulation, sleep, memory and spatial