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+ the epidemiology of ebola virus
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Richard Preston’s The Hot Zone is about the Reston virus, one of the five strands of Ebola, and its outbreak in Virginia in 1989, which startled the eastern United States. The story begins with a hot zone of the Ebola virus, Kitum Cave, in order to provide background information towards the virus and its hunger to take hold of a host. Over the course of the story Preston depicts the viral effects, emphasizes the passion of the scientist, and conveys the bravery in an almost disastrous situation.
The novel begins with Charles Monet entering a cave in Kenya - January 1, 1980. Monet later begins to feel ill and purchases a plane ticket to a hospital located in Nairobi. During the trip, he begins to show the signs of the Marburg virus, as he throws up red and black specks. Following the arduous plain ride, Monet finally makes it to the hospital where later his doctor contracts the virus from coming into contact with the bodily fluids of his patient. However the attempt to save Monet was impossible and he
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died of a complete body shutdown. Preston continues to provide background of the disease in depicting other outbreaks of Ebola, including the first outbreak of the Marburg Virus. Through describing the effects of the category 4 virus, Preston assist the reader in ascertaining the deadliness of Ebola and its rapid ability to spread. In informing his audience of the potential risk of working with Ebola, Preston continually provides incite on the thoughts of the scientist working in a close proximity to the virus.
While performing research on sick monkeys, Lieutenant Colonel Nancy Jaxx notices a tear in her hazmat suit. Fearing contracted the virus, Jaxx rushes to her house, and notifies her husband who warned her to not study in a biosafety level four again. The fear of ebola took a major tool on the characters throughout the story; however, the desire to do their duties as army researchers motivated them to continue their experiments. With the goal of finding a cure to Ebola, the scientist work each day to solve the spreading global crisis. Preston also recognizes that despite the many precautions taken at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) facility, the virus still poses a threat and is under constant surveillance to prevent an outbreak on the U.S.
mainland. While studying a monkey, Nancy Jaxx discovers the Reston Virus, a new strand of the Ebola. With the White House only miles away, USAMRIID decided to secretly euthanize the monkees containing the virus. During the operation a HAZMAT suit failed and caused a mass panic when an infected monkey got loose and nearly bit a woman. The mission was eventually complete, and the bravery of the researchers prevented a possible outbreak from the Reston hot zone, protecting eastern America from a mass devastation. Throughout this book, Richard Preston emphasizes the deadly effects of an Ebola outbreak and the need for containment, bringing greater importance the heroic efforts of containing the Ebola Reston Virus that nearly devastated the nation. Preston later visits Kitum cave to reflect on the start hot zone that killed Charles Monet as pays tribute to those who have risked their lives to studying deadly viruses that have the goal of seeking vengeance on all who live.
The small town of Piedmont Arizona is where it all starts out. It has been infested by an unknown bacteria that so far leads you believing it’s done more harm than good if anything since at the beginning of the story with the mutilated corpses and all we are left with the impression that they are dangerous. Afterwards, In Flat rock Nevada we are shown where the rest of the story takes place and are introduced to most of the main characters and/or how the scientists try to unlock the mystery of the Andromeda strain. Because the story seems to be influenced by the Cold War, including the using of
This summer we had an opportunity to dive into the world of bioweapons, through Richard Preston’s novel The Demon in the Freezer. His book explored the colorful world of smallpox and its use as a biological weapon. Earlier this week we were graced with this authors present for an ACES event. He discussed some of the found topics in his book such as animal testing, what small pox is, and even its eradication. One of the great things we had the chance of vocalizing were our many opinions on the gloom associated with this intriguing disease.
In The Hot Zone by Richard Preston, the account of the evolution of Ebola—where it originated and how it spread throughout Africa and other parts of the world before finally making its way to the United States—the point of view was not biased or fallacious, though it may have been slightly exaggerated. However, despite this, it was also the perfect choice of point of view to tell the story in.
First of all the setting affects the plot because of how the disease would spread very fast. It can move very fast because before it was eradicated there were so many deaths. The text states, “Prior to vaccination, 400,000 smallpox deaths occurred in a routine year in Europe” (Cooney 92). This shows how just in one year 400,000 people died from smallpox. On page 92 the author writes, “But only one-third of smallpox patients died, so the actual number getting smallpox was 1.2 million” (Cooney). This shows that it was moving so fast in Europe that 1.2 million got infected by smallpox. With all of the things discussed in the paragraph the setting affected the plot because of the smallpox virus
The book jumps to a distressing story about Peter Los in 1970 in West Germany who became ill due to smallpox. After ten days he was hospitalized but medical staff did not realize he had smallpox, which is highly contagious. Preston gives vivid descriptions of the disease and how it ravages the body. Los survived his illness, but caused an epidemic that killed many others that had become exposed to him. “Today, the people who plan for a smallpox emergency can’t get the image of the Meschede hospital out of their minds.
The novel, “The Hot Zone”, by Richard Preston, is an extraordinary tale about a virus called the Ebola virus. The author interviews a number of different people that all had encounters with the virus and records their stories. He is very interested by what they tell him and throughout the novel he is always seeking to find more information about it. There were many different encounters in this book but in my summary I am going to explain the ones that interested me the most.
Anderson shows misconceptions of the time period by using the misperceived causes of Yellow Fever. Mattie does not understand what actually killed Polly and the others but word in the coffeehouse is that it was a miasma. She overhears this conversation: “I’ve heard stories of fever among the Santo Domingan refugees. They live close to Ball’s Wharf… Bad coffee is a nuisance” (Anderson 20, 21). Nobody understood how all of this could have begun, so they left it up to the doctors and scientists to figure it out. Under a tremendous amount of pressure, the doctors and scientists were doing research to figure out what the cause of Yellow Fever was, and why it was killing many loved ones. According to Jim Murphy, on page 15 of An American Plague, “Foulke said he knew the origin of the fevers: the repulsive smell in the air caused by the rotting coffee on Ball’s Wharf… Any number of things could cause this condition, such as poor diet, excess drinking, poison, or a dog ...
the biomedical crisis, later known as The Black Death, or bubonic plague, that attacked Europe during the fourteenth century. Cantor later tells about how the people came in contact with the plague and the symptoms that later occurred. The people who had been affected by the plague would first experience flu like symptoms, which usually included a high fever, in the second stage they would get buboes, which...
Murphy, Jim. An American Plague: the True and Terrifying Story of the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793. New York, NY: Clarion Books, 2003. Print.
A year later, in Reston Virginia, a monkey house used to quarantine imported monkeys before they can be shipped out to parts of the United States, was losing monkeys to an unknown virus. All the characters of "The Hot Zone" are called together to discover and contain the unknown killer. The research team discovers this is a new strain of Ebola. This one definitely is airborne. They call it Ebola Reston. Unlike it's sister viruses, it doesn't seem to jump species. It is traced to Manila, Philippines where the monkeys originated, which is a mystery since Ebola is an African disease. The monkey house is decontaminated. Its contents, including the dead monkeys are incinerated. After another year, the monkey house is back in use. Ironically, monkeys shipped there from Manila begin dying from the Ebola virus again.
This lead to the demise of the population when the disease was transported through the heart of an infected man. Once the doctors completed the heart transplant, the man came to life with the generic grey blood and he was much more hostile.... ... middle of paper ... ...
The Plague (French, La Peste) is a novel written by Albert Camus that is about an epidemic of bubonic plague. The Plague is set in a small Mediterranean town in North Africa called Oran. Dr. Bernard Rieux, one of the main characters, describes it as an ugly town. Oran’s inhabitants are boring people who appear to live, for the most part, habitual lives. The main focus of the town is money.
Ebola, a virus which acquires its name from the Ebola River (located in Zaire, Africa), first emerged in September 1976, when it erupted simultaneously in 55 villages near the headwaters of the river. It seemed to come out of nowhere, and resulted in the deaths of nine out of every ten victims. Although it originated over 20 years ago, it still remains as a fear among African citizens, where the virus has reappeared occasionally in parts of the continent. In fact, and outbreak of the Ebola virus has been reported in Kampala, Uganda just recently, and is still a problem to this very day. Ebola causes severe viral hemorrhagic fevers in humans and monkeys, and has a 90 % fatality rate. Though there is no cure for the disease, researchers have found limited medical possibilities to help prevent one from catching this horrible virus.
The Ebola Haemorrahagic Fever, or Ebola for short, was first recognized as a virus in 1967. The first breakout that caused the Ebola virus to be recognized was in Zaire with 318 people infected and 280 killed. There are five subtypes of the Ebola virus, but only four of them affect humans. There are the Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan, Ebola-Ivory Coast and the Ebola-Bundibugyo. The fifth one, the Ebola-Reston, only affects nonhuman primates. The Ebola-Zaire was recognized on August 26, 1976 with a 44 year old schoolteacher as the first reported case. The Ebola-Sudan virus was also recognized in 1976 and was thought to be that same as Ebola-Zaire and it is thought to have broken out in a cotton factory in the Sudan. The Ebola-Ivory Coast was first discovered in 1994 in chimpanzees in the Tia Forest in Africa. On November 24, 2007, the Ebola-Bundibugyo branch was discovered with an approximate total of 116 people infected in the first outbreak and 39 deaths. The Ebola-Reston is the only one of the five subtypes to not affect humans, only nonhuman primates. It first broke out in Reston, Virginia in 1989 among crab eating macaques.
In 1976 the first two Ebola outbreaks were recorded. In Zaire and western Sudan five hundred and fifty people reported the horrible disease. Of the five hundred and fifty reported three hundred and forty innocent people died. Again in 1995 Ebola reportedly broke out in Zaire, this time infecting over two hundred and killing one hundred and sixty. (Bib4, Musilam, 1)