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Consumer behavior and branding strategy
The importance of branding in marketing
The importance of branding in marketing
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Recommended: Consumer behavior and branding strategy
My Voice: Brand Equity
Branding is an effort on the part of the manufacturer(s), marketer(s), to create a distinctively unique image about their market offering(s) in the heart and mind of the consumer(s) through delivering value, utilizing marketing promotion and various brand building initiatives. Truly brands resides in the hearts of the consumer(s), and the consumer(s) brand awareness, brand preference and brand loyalty determines the fate of the brand. Brand equity measures the goodwill of the brand in the market and the level of consumer brand preference and consumer brand loyalty. Consumer(s) brand loyalty is highest, when the consumer(s) demands their favored brand, refuses to buy any other brand and are willing to put in an extra
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Customer values the brand and sees it as a friend.
5. Customer is devoted to the brand.
Brand Equity is highly related to how many customers are satisfied and would incur costs by changing brand, customer values the brand and sees it as a friend, and customer is devoted to the brand. According to Aaker, it is also related to the degree of brand-name recognition, perceived brand quality, strong mental and emotional associations, and other assets such as patents, trademarks and channel relationships.
Business week’s ranking of the world’s 25 most valuable brands in 2005 based on Interbrand’s brand valuation methodology reveals following brands as the strongest, most highly regarded: Coca-Cola, Microsoft, IBM, GE, Intel, Disney, Toyota, Mercedes, Hewlett-Packard and Gillette to mention a few. According to research by marketing consultant Jack Trout, in 25 popular product categories, 20 of the leading brands in 1923 are still leading brands today, to mention a few, Hershey’s, Gillette, Coca-Cola, Campbell’s, Colgate etc.
The 10 most valuable brands in the world are: Google, Apple, Microsoft, AT&T, Facebook, Visa, Amazon, Verizon, McDonald’s, and IBM. (According to brand consultancy Millward Brown 's annual BrandZ
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In today’s highly competitive global markets, the concept of brand equity holds a lot of significance, for the business survival and business
Sarkar, A. N., & Singh, J. (2005). New paradigm in evolving brand management strategy. Journal of Management Research, 5(2), 80-90. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/237238894?accountid=28644
In every given business, the name itself portrays different meanings. This serves as the reference point and sometimes the basis of customers on what to expect within the company. Since personality affects product image (Langmeyer & Shank, 1994), the presence of brand helps in the realization of this concept. Traditionally, brand is a symbolic manifestation of all the information connected with a company, product, or service (Nilson, 2003; Olin, 2003). A brand is typically composed of a name, logo, and other visual elements such as images, colors, and icons (Gillooley & Varley, 2001; Laforet & Saunders, 1994)). It is believed that a brand puts an impression to the consumer on what to expect to the product or service being offered (Mere, 1995). In other application, brand may be referred as trademark, which is legally appropriate term. The brand is the most powerful weapon in the market (LePla & Parker, 1999). Brands possess personality in which people associate their experience. Oftentimes, they are related to the core values the company executes.
Definition; - “brand equity is the added value endowed on products and services. It may be reflected in the way consumer think, feel, and act with respect to the brand, as well as in the price, market share and profitability the brand commands.”(Kolter and Keller.2012, p265) according to the case study of Holland and Barrett, brand equity refers to high brand value, brand with high value equity means, H&B has the ability to create some sort of positiv...
We however need to realize that success is not an event, but rather a process. It takes time and consistency to be recognized as a top brand. Notably, becoming a top brand is a sure pathway towards top leadership in whatever we do in life. This could eventually attract precious rewards, wealth included. Naturally, strong brands will hardly operate below the poverty
Brand equity is crucial as it implies that the brand itself is an important (financial) asset and can be calculated in financial terms (Barwise, 1993). This is particularly important in the luxury sector as from a behavioural viewpoint, brand equity can differentiate a company or product from other competitors, adding to their competitive advantages based on non-profit competition (Aaker, 2004). The model created by Aaker (1992) states that there are four categories of brand equity; Loyalty, Awareness, Perceived Quality and Associations. Luxury branding relies on a high level of perceived quality, loyalty and associations, although potentially less so for awareness, as it is thought that consumers choose luxury brands based on their exclusivity and as such the more the awareness that surrounds the brand, there is potential for it to become less valuable (Phau and Prendergast,
Kevin Keller’s brand equity model is known as the Customer Based Brand Equity Model (CBBE). This model was first introduced in his book, Strategic Brand Management. According to the model, a company must shape how customers think, feel, and act towards a product in order to build a strong brand. A consumer must have the right type of experience around the brand, which foster positive thoughts, opinions, perceptions, beliefs and feelings. By building strong brand equity, customers will recommend company products and will buy more of them. Moreover, this increases brand loyalty and decreases brand switching to competitors. One’s memory consists of a network of associations and connecting links, and any association ever processed about a brand
Coca-Cola. And Apple. Two companies from two very different industries, yet both have such strong brand identities, it has become iconic. A brand identity should be “the heart and soul of a brand.” [2] (Aaker, D. A., 2010, p. 68) But it’s not just a strong brand identity that has made these two brands internationally known. In both cases, it has been a strong combination of brand identity and well-considered packaging, which have put them at the forefront of their respective markets.
Companies use a collection of brand equities to represent their products in the market (Voolnes, 2012). Brand equity refers to the commercial value that is derived from the perception of consumers on any given brand name of particular products in the market as opposed to the product itself. Ataman (2003) notes that the effect to the consumer is in the brand name and not the product itself. Companies use logos, trademarks and a collection of other symbols to present this information to the customers. The use of these symbols is meant to try and capture the customer mindset so that they can be thinking about the company products at all times through the items they possess at home (Estes, Gibbert, Guest, & Mazursk, 2012). This can well be explained by use of the customer-based brand equity model that brings together the requirements for a publicly renowned brand in the market.
In conclusion, the customer- based brand equity model is an important platform that may help in building a strong brand. It could assist a company in assessing its progress as well as providing a blueprint for marketing research activities. If properly planned and implemented, it could help the company in achieving its marketing strategies and in the realization of an increased profit margin
Marketers assert to develop branding and packaging strategies that signify the brand’s products in a way that establishes lasting impressions in consumers’ thoughts. Because brands distinguish the many product offerings in the marketplace, brands help consumers choose between product offerings. When branding and packaging strategies clearly illustrate worthy product expectations, and products remain true to branding messages, positive consumer perceptions ensue, and brand value is strengthened.
Even with commodities, there are quite a few parameters which brands can use to position themselves to capture a place in the consumer’s memory and consequently in their shopping basket. A few of the more widely accepted of them are: Consistency of Product Quality, Customization of the product to the extent possible, Providing a wider range of products, Identifying the most profit generating segments of the market and modifying or adding an offering to cater to their specific needs, Unique packaging, Emotional Branding and even basing branding on building a unique image to the extent of professing to have a brand personality. In fact focusing on getting consumers to build an emotional identification with the brand and its personality has a far longer lasting effect and builds far greater loyalty than focusing on just functional and utility attributes which a competitor would also able to easily match if not surpass.
Hawthorne Studies have been subjected to many criticisms. Yet, the evolvement of many of the management theories today would not have come about without the experiments done by Elton Mayo. This essay will cover the various aspects of management that has been refined through the findings of the tests conducted and how improvements were made to aid in the development of organisational behaviour. It will also discuss the various studies and will show how these theories implement Hawthorne studies as the foundation and the basis of the human relations movement. It will also investigate the criticisms that arise within it.
Brand equity, in general terms, simply refers to how much a product is worth and how consumers behave and associates themselves with that product (Slotegraaf, Rebecca & Pauwel, 2008; Page 93-306). Consumer attitudes and the value of the product is linked to brand equity as it will determine how big of the market share the brand will occupy and how much the brand will earn in the long run. As the aviation industry is extremely competitive, many airlines have customer loyalty schemes and frequent flyer programmes to maintain or expand their brand equity, making the switching costs substantially high between airlines (Chen & Chang, 2008; Page 40-42). Chen and Chang (2008) also found out that brand equity is also linked to brand preference, purchase intentions and have an influence on consumers when they are thinking about switching brand products. Tigerair Australia’s brand equity was low in the Australian aviation market due to low brand awareness from consumers, the breaches of safety regulations by the Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA), and strong competition from competitors like Jetstar.
A company’s brand is one of its most valuable assets (Green and Smith 2002). Brands owners invest millions of dollars every year in advertising and promotion to raise awareness and create demand for their brands.
Secondly, some light has been thrown on the previous researches by various authors on the similar topics by providing with a summarised form of the same. It helps in better understanding of the ongoing concepts and perceptions on the concept of brand and its importance.