Bound Feet

A Modern Descendent of Bound Feet: The High Heel Conundrum

In an age where virtually everything can be improved, our bodies are spared none of the pressure. In fact, whether addressed through permanent modifications or temporary accessories, such pressures to “be beautiful” have always existed. Cross-cultural variations of this recurring human phenomenon are quite fascinating. Moreover, though these variations may seem to be independent of each other, they are not without similar patterns and trends. When considering such overlap, the highest-profile beauty practices are among some of the most interesting to consider. For example, the iconic western high heeled shoe is in many ways analogous to bound feet, which originated in ancient China.

First, it is important to note that the ideas of the school of feminist thought which I cite in my arguments heavily contradict those espoused by a newer wave of feminism. Scholars like Sue-Ellen Case, who belong to this school of thought contend that beauty practices are simply another mode of expression, which may very well be true1 (though I will elucidate caveats to this argument later). Claims made regarding the value of high heels as empowering tools for women, in the workplace or otherwise, are also derived from this new wave feminism: “…we are told nowadays that high-heeled shoes are emblematic of a confident, powerful femininity, a femininity that is ‘out and proud’ – indeed, a daring rejection of what is frequently presented as ‘feminist orthodoxy’ in relation to beauty” (Gill 37). It is not my intention to discount the opinions presented by these scholars. Though reconciling my arguments with these opinions is beyond the scope of this paper, neither will I rely exclusively on the opposing view. The interpretive traditions I’ve elected are preferred on the basis that they are more compatible with my argument, not only as a matter of evidence, but also of structure. For example, every feminist source I have chosen engages with high heels, bound feet and patriarchy. However, no feminist contends that bound feet were empowering, though new wave feminists may argue this of high heels. Thus, incorporating such arguments would necessarily exclude any discussion of bound feet, a problematic condition for my