Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Case study of borderline personality disorder
E study on borderline personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder term paper
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Case study of borderline personality disorder
Introduction Borderline personality disorder, also known as BPD, is a very serious mental health disorder. The name for this disorder is misleading, says experts in the field, however proper name for the disorder has yet to be found (NIMH, 2014). This disorder creates a very serious emotional instability for the person that have it (MayoClinic, 2014). People with this disorder usually have an extremely askewed self-image, they feel worthless, and essentially erroneous (NIMH, 2014). As result, it can cause many other mental health problems and disorders. Examples of the problems it can cause are: substance abuse, eating disorders, depression, self-harm, and suicidal behaviors. People with BPD are at higher risk of developing anxiety disorders …show more content…
People who were abused as a child have an increase risk in developing BPD. Also, if a family member has had or has a personality disorder similar or, anxiety or mood disorder. Of course a combination of these factors or others can cause BPD, not one individually. Diagnosis Misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis often happens with people who suffer from BPD. Many times the symptoms correspond with symptoms of other disorders so it is in turn mistaken for a different disorder. A professional in the field of mental health can correctly identify this disorder, but through interviewing the person and discussing the symptoms of BPD (NAMI, 2014). Ruling out disorders can be done by the person going through a medical exam. In addition, the person’s clinical history and symptoms are also looked at. A person has to at least have 5 of the symptoms of BPD in order to be diagnosed. BPD is a disorder usually diagnosed in adults, not in children or teens. This is because symptoms that children or teens show may go away as they mature and get older. …show more content…
CBT can also help reduce the symptoms of wide mood swings, anxiety, and self-harm and suicidal behaviors. Dialectical therapy is used to focus on having the person with BPD aware of their situation. It teaches how to control or ways to control emotions, reduce self-harming behaviors, and helps relationships. Schema-focused therapy is a combination of Cognitive behavioral with other forms of psychotherapy. Its main focal point is how people perceive themselves. This kind of therapy uses the reasoning behind the cause of BPD to be from the distorted view of their self. Therapy can be in a group setting or one-on-one with the therapist and patient. Group therapy sessions are good for helping interact with other people and building relationships (NIMH,
People with Borderline Personality Disorder tend to view the world as simple as possible. People who view the world like this, confuse the actions of others. (Hoermann et al, 2005) Recurrent thoughts about their relationships with others, lead them to experience extreme emotional reactions, great agony which they have a hard time controlling, which would result in engaging in self-destructive behaviors. Diagnosing a patient with this disorder can be challenging which is why is it is labeled as one of the difficult ones to diagnose. (Hoermann et al, 2005)
An estimated 1.6%-5.9% of the adult population in the United States has BPD, with nearly 75% of the people who are diagnosed being women. Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder include Frantic efforts to avoid being abandoned by friends and family, Unstable personal relationships that alternate between idealizations, Distorted and unstable self-image, Impulsive behaviors that can have dangerous outcomes, Suicidal and self-harming behavior, Periods of intense depressed mood, irritability or anxiety lasting a couple hours/days, Chronic feelings of boredom or emptiness, Inappropriate, intense or uncontrollable anger - often followed by shame and guilt, and Dissociative feelings. The three main factors that could cause this mental illness are Genetics, Environmental factors, and Brain function. This illness can only be diagnosed by a mental health professional after a series of interviews with the patient and family/friends of the patient. The patient must also have at least five of the nine symptoms of this illness in order to be diagnosed. The most common treatment for this illness is some form of psychotherapy. Some other treatment options are to prescribe medications and if needed a short-term
DBT is effective when working with clients experiencing anxiety disorder and depression. Individuals in DBT therapy are taught to notice, rather than react to thoughts and behaviors. DBT teaches clients to accept their emotional reactions and learn to tolerate distress while being mindful of their present experiences. DBT has four stages for therapy. In stage one the pre-commitment stage is where the therapist explains what types of treatment the client will receive. In this stage the client must agree to stop all self harm behavior and work toward developing other coping skills. In stage two the goal is to assist the client into controlling her emotions. Stage three and four involve assisting the client to gain the ability to develop self respect (Waltz, 2003).
This paper looks at a person that exhibits the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). In the paper, examples are given of symptoms that the person exhibits. These symptoms are then evaluated using the DSM-V criteria for BPD. The six-different psychological theoretical models are discussed, and it is shown how these models have been used to explain the symptoms of BPD. Assessment of
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) has been a disability surrounded by stigma and confusion for a long time, and the time to bring awareness and public understanding to this disability is long overdue. The disability itself often gets misdiagnosed as an other disability since the symptoms overlap with many other disabilities (NIMH, n.d, para 16), or worse case scenario, a medical professional refuses to diagnose or treat the disability due to the belief that these people are untreatable because of a negative schema about the disability and clinical controversies on whether BPD is a legitimate diagnosis (Hoffman, 2007) . However, after nearly three decades of research, it has come to light that BPD does indeed exist, does have a good prognosis for remission with treatment (BPD Overview, n.d, para 3), and that there are many treatment options available such as three different types of psychotherapy (Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Schema-focused therapy), omega-3 fatty acid supplements, and/or medications (NIMH, n.d, para 29, 30, 31, and 39, 41). Even though the disability started as a psychoanalytic colloquialism for untreatable neurotics (Gunderson, 2009), BPD is very treatable and doesn’t deserve the stigma it currently carries throughout society.
In the past, BPD was believed to be a set of symptoms between problems associated with mood and schizophrenia. These symptoms were believed to be comprised of distortions of reality and mood problems. A closer look at this disorder has resulted in the realization that even though the symptoms of this disorder reveal emotional complexity, this disorder is more closer to other personality disorders, on the basis of the manner in which it develops and occurs in families, than to schizophrenia (Hoffman, Fruzzetti, Buteau &ump; Neiditch, 2005). The use of the term borderline has however, resulted in a heated controversy between the health care fraternity and patients. Patients argue that this term appears to be somehow discriminatory and that it should be removed and the disorder renamed. Patients point out that an alternative name, such as emotionally unstable personality disorder, should be adopted instead of borderline personality disorder. Clinicians, on the other hand, argue that there is nothing wrong with the use of the term borderline. Opponents of this term argue that the terms used to describe persons suffering from this disorder, such as demanding, treatment resistant, and difficult among others, are discriminatory. These terms may create a negative feeling of health professionals towards patients, an aspect that may lead to adoption of negative responses that may trigger self-destructive behavior (Giesen-Bloo et al, 2006). The fact however, is that the term borderline has been misunderstood and misused so much that any attempt to redefine it is pointless leaving scrapping the term as the only option.
According to the DSM-5, Personality Disorders are characterized by “impairments in personality functioning and the presence of pathological personality traits”. Borderline Personality Disorder is one of ten personality disorders listed in the DSM-5. The DSM-5 lists several criteria that must be met in order for someone to be diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. They are quoted as follows:
Borderline personality disorder is the most common personality disorder. By creating relationships and better understanding BPD, mental health professionals can effectively aid those who suffer from BPD. With proper support from the healthcare team, family members, and the community, borderline personality disorder can be effectively controlled and treated. TIE IN ACUTE PORTION AS WELL!
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) hinders people’s security, makes interpersonal and interpersonal relationships difficult, worsens the person suffering from the disorder’s life and those around them, effects their affect and self-image, and generally makes a person even more unstable (Davidon et al., 2007). This disorder is a personality disorder which effects the people’s emotions, personality, and daily living including relationships with other and job stability. People with BPD may experience a variation of symptoms including but not limited to: intense contradictory emotions involving sadness, anger, and anxiety, feelings of emptiness, loneliness, and isolations (Biskin & Paris, 2012). This disorder makes it hard for the person with the disorder to maintain relationships since they have tendentious believe that people are either strictly good or bad. Also, they are sensitive to other people’s actions and words and are all over the place with their emotions so those in their life never know which side to expect. (Biskin & Paris, 2012)
Borderline Personality Disorder is diagnosed predominantly in females. There is approximately a 3:1 female to male gender ratio for this disorder.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a comprehensive cognitive-behavioral treatment developed by Marsha M. Linehan for the treatment of complex, difficult-to-treat mental disorders. Originally, DBT was developed to treat individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD; Carson-Wong, Rizvi, & Steffel, 2013; Scheel, 2000). However, DBT has evolved into a treatment for multi-disordered individuals with BPD. In addition, DBT has been adapted for the treatment of other behavioral disorders involving emotional dysregulation, for example, substance abuse, binge eating, and for settings, such as inpatient and partial hospitalization. Dimeff and Linehan (2001) described five functions involved in comprehensive DBT treatment. The first function DBT serves is enhancing behavioral capabilities. Secondly, it improves motivation to change by modifying inhibitions and reinforcement. Third, it assures that new capabilities can be generalize to the natural environment. Fourth, DBT structures the treatment environment in the ways essential to support client and therapist capabilities. Finally, DBT enhances therapist capabilities and motivation to treat clients effectively. In standard DBT, these functions are divided into modes for treatment (Dimeff & Linehan, Dialectical behavior therapy in a nutshell, 2001).
BPD is a complex disorder in a sense that the symptoms such as depression, anxiety and substance abuse may cause a misdiagnosis thus overlooking BPD completely (Biskin & Paris, 2013). This personality disorder has also been known to occur simultaneously with anxiety disorders, eating disorders and bipolar mood disorders (Butcher, Mineka & Hooley, 2014). In addition, the prevalence of BPD decreases in older individuals (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
The indicators of BPD are dramatic and obvious. Those suffering from it tend to be significantly unstable in their interactions with other people as well as their behavior when alone. Impulse control and ability to discern moral decisions are significantly deteriorated in those with BPD and they are often destructive toward themselves and their relationships with others, if not outright violent. Casual contact with a sufferer of BPD might be deceptive because many are able to appear stable, but rapid and unpredictable mood and behavior shifts are common. Neglect and abuse, particularly sexual, are seen in almost all who are diagnosed with BPD. The lack of attachments during developmental years results in an inability to form or value attachments later in life. While reduced hippocampal volume is a brain deformation associated with PTSD as well as BPD, BPD also presents with a reduced amygdala volume which is possibly the cause of the notably increased aggression and reduced emotional stability of those with BPD (Lieb et al., 2004, pgs.
Borderline personality disorder, abbreviated to BPD, is an illness regarding mental health that spawns a great deal of emotional unsteadiness and unpredictability and has the capability to trail off into other stressing mental and behavioral difficulties. This psychological disorder known as borderline personality disorder is not entirely portrayed within the very beginning of the movie. Displayed is a young woman at the age of eighteen with a strange lifestyle where she considered all types of sex as casual. Her graduation day is shown where she has actually fallen asleep. As regards that sleepiness, depicted is
This classification infers that the disorder is the result of permanent personality traits and requires continuous treatment. The personality disorder did not appear until the manual’s third edition in 1980. Over the years, the term borderline has come to refer to a collection of symptoms that create an unstable personality arrangement which a person can have (Ogden, Janine). The term borderline personality disorder was coined in 1938 by Adolph Stern (Hebblethwaite, Caroline) and is used to refer to individuals that displayed behaviors that fall on the “borderline” or margins between neurosis and psychosis; meaning one can experience symptoms of neurosis, such as feelings of anxiety, obsessional thoughts, compulsive acts, and physical complaints without tangible evidence of disease, in various degrees and patterns which dominate the personality. An individual will also experience psychosis symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations that indicate flawed contact with reality. According to my research, Axis I disorders such as anxiety or depression, coincide with BPD. It is estimated that more than 90 percent of those with BPD also meet the criteria for depression. Other Axis II personality disorders are also associated with this disorder, such as antisocial personality disorder (APSD), histrionic personality disorder (HPD),