The earliest group of settlers in the area, now known as the Central African Republic, were hunter-gatherers who first settled there 10,000 years ago. Many settled by the Ubangi River, which is located in the eastern part of the Central African Republic. They became farmers who specialized in growing yams, millet, sorghum, and bananas and domesticated the African palm oil. Beginning in the 1500s, Muslim slave traders began to attack the region, capturing and enslaving many native Africans using the Ubangi River to transport them to the coastal ports where they would be sold to the Americas.
In 1875, this region was governed by the sultan of Sudan, Rabih az-Zubayr, who called his empire Oubangui. In 1887, France legally claimed the all land
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Dacko was at first taken to prison and then moved to house arrest. Bokassa abolished the national assembly and declared that the country’s original constitution was now invalidated. In 1972, Bokassa made himself dictator for life changing the Central African Republic to a monarchy called Central Africa. He was known by many to be a cruel dictator, but he was a strong supporter of women’s rights abolishing polygamy and dowries. He also elected the first and only female prime minister so far of the Central African Republic, Elisabeth Domitien. She only held her position for a year before she was put in prison for disagreeing with Bokassa’s method of ruling. In 1976, Bokassa freed David Dacko and declared him to be his personal counselor. With his new position, Dacko was able to leave for Paris where the French convinced him to organize a coup to restore him to power. With the support of the French army, Dacko was restored to power on September 21, 1979 in the Dacko counter-coup. Bokassa was arrested, tried, and sentenced to death for fourteen different crimes including treason, embezzlement, and murder. His penalty was made void a year later by President Kolingba, and he was freed from …show more content…
Kolingba ruled as the head of the Military Committee for National Recovery in a military dictatorship. In 1985, however, he organized a new cabinet and a National Assembly, increasing civilian rule. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, a pro-democracy movement among the people of the Central African Republic along with pressure from the United States and France forced Kolingba to hold free elections, which took place in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé, an engineer and politician who served under both Dacko’s and Bokassa’s presidency's, won the election and became president in 1994. He removed many Yakoma, a small ethnic group in the Central African Republic, from government and military positions. A new constitution was approved under his presidency, but decreasing support led to three mutinies. His reelection in 1999, was the last straw and rebels stormed government buildings in 2001 in a coup. The coup failed when Patassé brought in foreign troops from The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Libya. In 2003, Patassé’s previous General François Bozizé, who had fled to chad after the 2001 coup, returned with a large rebel force and overthrew Patassé while he was out of the country. Shortly after Bozizé assumed power, the Central African Republic Bush War broke out. This civil war was fought between Bozizé with the Central African Republic government
This essay will examine key aspects of the recent implementation of the Australian Consumer Law (ACL) 2011, which is the largest overhaul in Consumer Law in Australia in the past twenty five years. The ACL replaces 20 existing State and Territory laws into one national law , the legislation was enacted in two main parts as Schedule 2 of the renamed Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) (TPA) - Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) (CCA) . Aforementioned this essay it will outline the key benefits of the implementation of the act. Furthermore it will critique the Act, whilst exploring the objectives of the legislation.
In 1991, a detrimental civil war began in the small country of Sierra Leone, with the RUF taking charge, trying to overthrow Joseph Momoh, the current (2nd) president, and the republic in which he operated. His people viewed him as manipulatable and weak, being controlled by his notoriously corrupt advisors. The RUF continued on strike, warring against the police and other governmental forces. In 1992 they managed to overthrow him. For six years, the war continued, as the RUF wanted their democracy to be put into motion. In 1997, a new president was designated, and the war declared over. This did not satisfy the RUF, and an uproar began, dragging the war on for another four years.
" These men would bring European goods such as guns and gunpowder along with hats, beads and dried fish to trade. The Oye-Eboe Equiano describes could actually be Aro people from the south of Isseke who were involved in the slave trade. The Aro would trade these goods for captives to be sold as slaves. Because these people had fish to trade, one can see they were from the coast, therefore, they most likely had direct contact with Europeans. The network of trade between Africa and Europe is mapped out by his description of this marketplace.... ...
In the middle of the 15th century, Portuguese explorers began to establish trading outposts along the western coast of Africa, thus beginning the first steps toward imperialism by European nations. It is estimated that the first trading of Africans as slaves by the Portuguese began in 1444. The West African kingdom of Benin, however, still suc...
The Pueblo Revolt was brought on by many years of barbarianism and cruelty by the Spanish on the Pueblo Indians. This was a revolution for the natives to fight for their freedom form the tyranny and grasp that the Spanish had on them. Before the Spanish invasion of the Pueblos the Natives were thriving in the land. Some of the things the Spanish had the Natives do ranged from changing their religious beliefs to feeding two different communities as well as others. Also what caused the Pueblo Revolt, who was involved and what was the outcome of the Revolt are among the most important aspects of these great battles.
The first leg of this trade was merchants from Europe bringing refined goods to Africa to trade for slaves. The merchants traded with chiefs and high authority leaders. The chiefs pretty much could and would trade whomever they
New African Vol. 1.492 (2010): 14. History Reference Center -. 2010 - EBSCO Industries, Inc. Web.
It is only recently that more reliable studies have brought to light much information about great civilizations that developed in Africa while Europe was in the period often referred as the Dark Ages. The earliest of these mature civilizations were in West Africa. In a vast region south of the Sahara, Africans organized kingdoms which in time became great empires. This region is called the Sudan (a word meaning "land of the Blacks" in Arabic) The Sudan was important in the early history of Black Africa because the Africans first practiced agriculture in this region, and thus became the first people south of the Sahara to fashion and use iron tools and weapons. They were also among the first people in Africa to organize viable political systems. The Sudanic Blacks had learn to domesticate crops long before the coming of Christianity, and their grain production furnished food for an expanding population.
Since the late 1800’s, almost all of Africa had been under European colonial rule, but this changed drastically in 1960. Sixteen African nations gained their independence that year, including the former Belgian Congo, which became the Democratic Republic of the Congo on June 30. One of the key personalities that made this possible was Patrice Lumumba, who experienced widespread support in gaining independence and became the first Prime Minister of the DROC. However, he lost much of this support once he was in office, and lasted fewer than 200 days. Lumumba’s ability to communicate was a key reason for his success and failure.
The Africans first arrived by the hundreds and later by the thousands (approximately four million in total).Three major African groups contributed in large numbers to the slave population in Brazil, the Sudanese group, composed largely of Yoruba and Dahomean peoples, the Mohammedanized Guinea-Sudanese groups of Malesian and Hausa peoples, and the "Bantu" groups (among them Kongos, Kimbundas, and Kasanjes) from Angola, Congo and Mozambique.
Congo's Civil War began on November 2nd, 1998 when Laurent Kabila tried to drive out Rwandan militants who helped him overthrow Mobutu Sese Seko.2 Sese Seko came into power in 1966 when he led a rebellion to overthrow the government of Patrice Lumumbra. Sese Seko led to Africanizing of the country by requiring that all citizens drop their Christan names, and by renaming all the geographical locations with more African names.3 During the 1980's Sese Seko's government received support from the United States, in response to communism's rising popularity in Africa. Because of the misuse of the funds and wealth generated by natural resources, the rich got richer and the poor fell farther into poverty. Sese Seko abused Congo's natural resources and eventually helped lead the country into a state of economic ruin. In 1997 Sese Seko was overthrown by Laurent Kabila. When Kabila took over the country it was in terrible condition but he did nothing to try and improve the state of the nation. When he tried to expel the same Rwandan rebels that helped him come to power, he started a war that eventually led to his death. Many various ethnic and rebel groups inside of Congo who relied on the Rwandans for protection joined the uprising.4 Africans inside and around Congo chose s...
and were helped by the present day Somali, Borana and Rendille peoples. The Maasai later
Over a period from 1960-1965, the first Republic of the Congo experienced a period of serious crisis. There was a terrible war for power that displayed senseless violence and the desperation to rule. There were many internal conflicts among the people. The country eventually gained independence from Belgium. For many countries this would be a time for celebration. Unfortunately for the people of the Congo this became a time to forget. Almost immediately after independence and the general elections, the country went into civil war. Major developed cities like Katanga and Kasai wanted to be independent from the Lumumba government. Different factions started to fight the government and Katanga and Kasai tried to secede from the rest of the country out of fear of the mutinous army that was out of control looting and killing.
Nigeria contains more historic cultures and empires than any other country in Africa. People were first known to inhabit Nigeria as early as 5 B.C. They first constructed a kingdom in the center of Nigeria, which is named Jos Plateau. This was the first of many widespread kingdoms of that region, but two centuries later it would extend to Bornu, which is located on the western region of Nigeria (Gascoigne 1). Nigeria was made up of mostly kingdoms until British colonized in the 1800’s. The Soko Jotojhad and Yotruba wars encouraged slave trade at the time the British were trying to abolish the slave trade. Slaves were normally traded for European goods such as guns and gun powder. At this time, the British encouraged trading palm oil over trading slaves. Many of the slaves that were exported to Britain were intercepted by naval ships and shipped to Sierra Leone to collect palm oil. Some Nigerians began to migrate back from Sierra Leone in search of their homes and trade. British missionaries were invited to follow the slaves back, and in the 1840’s they wer...
The African people are skilled agriculturalists and quite possibly one of the results of the European incursions into the continent could have been t...