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Written essay on blooms taxonomy
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Chapter five discusses collegiate learning, how the brain and mind work in order to learn, and the dual-store model of memory. Collegiate learning requires that the material that you work with is more dense, complicated, and complex. This type of learning causes you to preform at a higher level of thinking and work independently. The levels of higher thinking are organized in Blooms Taxonomy of Education Objectives. In Blooms Taxonomy of Education Objectives, the levels are in the order that follows: remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and create. This is the process of steps you can follow when doing a project or writing a paper.
The Neuron is a cell responsible for memory, thinking, sensation, reasoning, and muscle movement. It is the reason humans are capable of learning and recognition. Our brain contains approximately one hundred million neutrons. The three main scientific theories on how learn is Physiological, Information processing, and Constructivism. Physiological explores the
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It is where auditory, visual, and other sensory information is received. It is then transmitted to the working memory or discarded. Information in the working memory is either attended back to the sensory register, outputted, not recorded/lost, or consolidated with the long-term memory. The central executive is your consciousness guiding your sensory register. It processes the flow of information for your long-term memory to then be able to be retrieved later. The central executive allows you to choose, understand, differentiate, and create. Long-term memory, allows declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge to be immediately available giving you the ability recognize information and distinguish if it is familiar to you or not. Information in long-term memory is either retrieved by working memory or
Cognition refers to the process required for acquiring and comprehending of knowledge, this involves the use of high-functioning parts of the brain such as memory, perception, recall and attention. As speculated by cognitive psychologists, scientists and approaches, the process of cognition is defined by an interface between our internal learning processes and sensory processes, which can be also referred to as top-down and bottoms up processing. . These processes occur consciously and unconsciously and help us as individuals to function. Memory plays a big role in cognition and is described as our ability to learn new experiences as well as recall and retain past occurrences (Webster 1992), it is required for everyday learning, thinking and recalling of information in the mind, as without memory we would be learning things anew every day, even though we carry out the same routines daily. Therefore, our experiences turn into memories and are stored in our minds, but how does this process work?
Memory is an important and active system that receives information. Memory is made up of three different stages sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory. According to the power point presentation, sensory memory refers to short storage of memory that allows an individual to process information as it occurs. Short term memory refers to memory that is only available for a limited time. It is information that is held for seconds or sometimes even minutes. Long term memory refers to memory that is stored for a long period of time and it has an unlimited capacity with the ability to hold as much information as possible. Retrieval is key and it allows individuals to have memories. Episodic memory refers to memory for events that we
According to Baddeley and Hitch (1974) what constitutes as working memory can be divided into four distinct components which contribute to the processes of memory. They are the phonological loop, the visual spatial sketchpad, the episodic buffer and the central executive (in Passer, Smith, Holt, Bremner, Vliek, 2009).
Prefrontal Cortex The prefrontal cortex is the most anterior portion of the frontal lobe. It responds mostly to stimuli signaling the need for movement, however it is also responsible for many other specialized functions. It receives information from all sensory systems and can integrate a large amount of information (Kalat 2004). Studies have shown that the prefrontal cortex is responsible for working memory. Working memory is defined as "the information that is currently available in memory for working on a problem" (Anderson 2005).
Human brain consists of billions of cells interconnected together, with each performing its separate functions. It consists of two explicit categories of nerves: neurons and glia cells. Neuron is a single nerve cell in the entire nervous system; which is electrically excitable cell that carries information after being processed via chemical or electrical signals. One of its key characteristics is that it does not undergo cell division. In addition, it maintains a voltage gradient for all the neurons across its membranes. Glia cells, on the other hand, its functionality is to maintain homeostasis.
Biology The brain consists of both neurons and glia cells. The neurons, which are cells housed in a cell body called a Soma, have branches which extend from them, referred to as dendrites. From these dendrites extend axons which send and receive impulses, ending at junction points called synapses. It is at these synapse points that the transfer of information takes place. At the heart of neuroplasticity is the idea of synaptic pruning.
This paper involves how the brain and neurons works. The target is to display the brain and neurons behavior by sending signals. The nervous system that sends it like a text message. This becomes clear on how we exam in the brain. The techniques show how the brain create in order for the nerves about 100 billion cells. Neurons in the brain may be the only fractions of an inch in length. How powerful the brain could be while controlling everything around in. When it’s sending it signals to different places, and the neurons have three types: afferent neurons, efferent neurons, and the interneurons. In humans we see the old part of emotions which we create memories plus our brain controls heart beating, and breathing. The cortex helps us do outside of the brain touch, feel, smell, and see. It’s also our human thinking cap which we plan our day or when we have to do something that particular day. Our neurons are like pin head. It’s important that we know how our brain and neurons play a big part in our body. There the one’s that control our motions, the way we see things. Each neuron has a job to communicate with other neurons by the brain working network among each cell. Neurons are almost like a forest where they sending chemical signals. Neurons link up but they don’t actually touch each other. The synapses separates there branches. They released 50 different neurons.
Baddeley (2002) contends that it is an attentional framework which facilitates action inside the working memory and controls the transmission of data between different parts of the psychological framework and in addition the phonological circle and visuo-spatial sketchpad. In any case, there is not a specific and correct clarification of this focal official framework (Andrade, 2001) and this is the shortcoming of the model (Andrade, 2001). Examining the correct procedure of the central executive is significant as it is on a very basic level imperative for the legitimacy of the working memory show all in all since it is in charge of various psychological capacities and the working memory display despite the fact that its slave frameworks of phonological circle and visuo-spatial sketchpad have been separately clarified and explored however the entire system still relies on the central executive. A Quality of the central executive is that it offers the clarification with connection to parts of formative and grown-up aptitudes (Andrade, 2001). Baddeley (2003) extends the central executive to the Norman and Shallice model of attentional control and specifically the supervisory articulatory framework (Baddeley, 2003 Baddeley, 2002). There is likewise a need on what really drives the framework (Baddeley, 2000, 2003) which is particularly intriguing as absolutely consideration may not be the reason but rather its cooperation with physical markers (Damasio,
Some students find it challenging to figure an effective way to learn about something and unfamiliar. It has been states that students try to find the easy way to learn, but in fact, there is no such thing (Chew, 2011). Developing “effective learning habits” can cause a major impact on how much information you retain while studying (Chew, 2011). Every student has a distinctive way of learning, but “metacognition is a concept that could drastically impact everyone’s learning” (Chew, 2011). According to Dr. Stephen Chew, a cognitive psychologist, metacognition is, “a student’s awareness of their level of understanding of a topic” ( 2011). Dr. Chew descibes “accurate metacognition" as being, the key transformation between a successful student
Other studies (e.g., Gordon & Debus, 2002; Irwin & Lupker, 1983; Kearian, 1986) have also found that the deeper the coding of information, the more durable the memory. For example, Gordon and Debus have demonstrated that contextual modification in teaching, task requirements, and assessment processes can increase college students’ use of deep processing approaches to learning. They argued that deep processing approach help students’ problem solving abilities, while the use of shallow processing approaches results in study behaviours that led to low quality learning outcomes. This was in support of earlier findings by Craik & Lockhart (1972) which posits that deep proc...
This attentional system filters out information along with making sure that a person does not respond inappropriately to stimulation that is not important. The executive function is a set of mental skills that help a person get things done and are controlled by the frontal lobe. The executive function helps to manage time, pay attention, switch focus, plan and organize, remember details, avoid saying or doing the wrong thing, and do things based on experience. Working memory, attention, and executive function are three cognitive functions that affect learning. According to Rosemary Tannock, “These three cognitive functions are interwoven in a complex system of neural networks, and they are crucial to the learning process. Strong working memory results in functional attention networks and good executive function, all of which correlate strongly with academic achievement” (Tannock,
Learning to tie shoes and ride a bike requires the encoding, storing, and retrieving of past observations of the procedure. With a lot of practice, children master these skills so well that they are able to remember them the rest of their lives. Memory is the storing of information over time. It is one of the most important concepts in learning; if things are not remembered, no learning can take place. As a process, memory refers to the "dynamic mechanism associated with the retention and retrieval of information about past experiences" (Sternberg 260). We use our memory about the past to help us understand the present. The study or memory in psychology is used in different ways, as well as there are many different ways to study how memory works in humans. In psychology there are many tasks used to measure memory, and different types of memory storages that human's use, such as sensory storing, or short term storing. There are also a lot of techniques that humans use to improve their memory, which they can use to learn, such as mnemonic devices. All these things can be classified as important issues in the study of human memory and ways of learning.
The human body can be thought of as an intricate machine and the brain as the control panel. This complex organ that has kept scientists and philosophers involved over the centuries ultimately controls how we function. The brain, to me, is the most interesting thing in the universe. However, much is still undiscovered and therefore it intrigues us to learn more about this vital organ. My fascination with the brain arose while taking introductory biology and psychology courses. My deepened interest towards the neural basis of memory and learning and its impacts on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s eventually lead me to attain an undergraduate research opportunity in the Mizumori laboratory.
Taylor, S. (1999). Better learning through better thinking: Developing students’ Metacognitive abilities. Journal of College Reading and Learning, 30(1), 34.
In a world that is ever expanding and ever shifting, how can we expect the young minds of college students to learn how to excel and be productive in a society that just won’t stand still? The key to advancement in an ever changing world can be found in the ability to think straight. Our success and growth here in this mortal world is undeniably dependent on our ability to think clearly and proficiently. Through clarity of thought, we can unlock the ability to take correct action as we make vital decisions throughout the course of our lives. The entirety of an individual’s future is dependent on their ability to think straight. A mind made up of jumbled up thoughts and ideas is comparable to driving at night on a road without any light to guide