Contents Introduction 1 Questions: Asked when conducting an interview 1 Answers: received from the interviewees 2 Interview 1 2 Interview 2 2 Interview 3 2 Interview 4 3 Symptoms 3 Treatment 3 Causes of bipolar 4 Genes 4 Environmental Factors in Bipolar Disorder 4 Bibliography 6 Introduction Bipolar disorder can be conceptualized as parallel dysfunction in emotion-processing and emotion-regulation circuits, together with an “overactive” reward-processing circuitry, resulting in characteristic behavioral abnormalities associated with bipolar disorder: emotional lability, emotional dysregulation, and heightened reward sensitivity (Bressert, 2006). According to DSM-IV and ICD-10, divides bipolar disorder into at least two subtypes. Bipolar type I disorder, the most classical form, is characterized by a succession of manic or mixed states with depressive episodes. The course of bipolar type II disorder is similar but more unstable in course, where depression alternates with hypomania (Burke, 2012, 159-166). Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks, which can impair the individual's ability to function in ordinary life. Symptoms of bipolar disorder are severe. They are different from the normal ups and downs that everyone goes through from time to time (Bressert, 2006). Bipolar disorder symptoms can result in damaged relationships, poor job or school performance, and even suicide. But bipolar disorder can be treated, and people with this illness can lead full and productive lives. Treatment commonly includes mood stabilizing medication and psychotherapy (Smith & Segal, 20... ... middle of paper ... ... Circuitry and a Road Map for Future Research. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 72-84, 88. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13081008 National Institute of Mental Health. Bipolar Disorder in Children and Teens (Easy to Read). Retrived from http://ftp.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder-in-children-and-teens-easy-to-read/index.shtml#pub5 Smith, M., & Segal, J. (2009). Bipolar Disorder Signs & Symptoms: Recognizing Mania, Hypomania and Bipolar Depression. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/mental/bipolar_disorder_symptoms_treatment.htm Stafford, N. (2009, October 19) . What is bipolar disorder. [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ju6KRHtFBeo Thomas, P. (2004). The many forms of bipolar disorder: a modern look at an old illness (Research report). Retrieved from http://www.lnfp.dr18.cnrs.fr/publication_labo/The_many.pdf
(2007). Bipolar II disorder: Epidemiology, diagnosis and management. CNS Drugs, 21(9), 727-740. Beyer, J. L., Kuchibhatla, M., Cassidy, F., & Krishnan, K. R. (2008). Stressful life events in older bipolar patients.
Bipolar Disorder (Formerly known as Manic Depression) is a mental illness linked to alterations in moods such as mood swings, mania, and depression. There is more than one type, Bipolar I and Bipolar II, and the subcategories are divided by the severity of the symptoms seen, such as cyclothymic disorder, seasonal mood changes, rapid cycling disorder and psychosis. Age of onset usually occurs between 15-30 years old with an average onset of 25 years old but it can affect all ages. (Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts General Hospital , 2013) Bipolar disorder affects more than two million people in the United States every year. (Gardner, 2011)
Geddes, J. R., & Miklowitz, D. J. (2013). Treatment of Bipolar Disorder. The Lancet, 381(9878), 1672-1682. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60857-0
The symptoms of bipolar are inability to complete tasks (could turn you into a compulsive hoarder or you just not able to complete all your tasks on time or when you want to finish them), depression (could have you wanting to kill yourself or maybe you don’t want to eat a lot could happen with the depression part of this disorder), irritability (you could just be going off on your loved ones and they didn’t even do anything and make them feel down and the it will be more than one person mad or irritated), rapid don’t like someone who talks a lot. no one wants to be around someone who talks your ear off so that’s bad period), trouble at work ( If you have trouble at work that could get you fired at work for whatever you did unless your boss is just cool and he/she just understands), and erratic behaviors (could lead to you having affairs that you would have never thought of having) which all of these could lead to other things. Bipolar does not have a specific cause; it is a complex disorder with multiple contributing factors; one is genetic. Sometimes bipolar tends to run in peoples families. Another factor is biological.
Bipolar is a disorder that involves the brain, to what extent is still unclear. Bipolar disorder was, and sometimes still is, called Manic Depression. A person with bipolar disorder will experience clinical depre...
National Institute of Mental Health. (2007) Bipolar Disorder. Bethesda, M.D.: US Department of Health And Human Services.
Crowe, M. (2011). Feeling out of control: A qualitative analysis of the impact of bipolar
... & Lenox, R. (2000). The nature of bipolar disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 61(13), 42-57.
Bipolar disorder is more common than thought. It is being more diagnoised in younger ages than adults. There are a few causes and triggers of biplolar disorder. There are numerous signs and symptoms of mania and depression. Bipolar disorder in children and adults differ in a few ways. Three differents types of treatments are avilable. There is also a few places to go for help. Bipolar disorder can be can lead to serious issues if left untreated thats why its important to be educated about bipolar to help loved ones.
Stokowski, L. A. (2009). Bipolar disorder and adhd in children: Confusion and comorbidity. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/711223_4
The clinical information discussed throughout the paper is taken from the textbook Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, and this will be listed as a source in the bibliography. For bipolar disorder the key characters are the tendency of manic episodes that alternate with major depressive disorders. This type of disorder can be described as a never-ending roller coaster ride where the person experiences pure euphoria and energy to someone dealing with crippling despair. It is this dichotomy of emotion that encapsulates the experience of someone with bipolar disorder; however, there are two different subcategories of bipolar disorder. The criteria for bipolar I disorder are an alternation with major depressive episodes with full manic episode. In contrast, bipolar II disorder is similar to bipolar I disorder with the exception of hypomanic episodes instead of full manic
The documentary “The Medicated Child” gave me a lot of insight into the lives of children diagnosed with bipolar disorder. When we hear and learn about bipolar disorder, we do not normally think of children. However, there are many children diagnosed with bipolar disorder ranging from all ages. As we saw in the documentary, bipolar disorder can be very hard on both the child and the family, so finding a cure that is effective and safe is important. The video also highlighted how little research there has been on the effectiveness of antidepressants on children.
The characteristics of bipolar disorder are significant shifts in mood that go from manic episodes to deep depressive episodes in a up and down trip that seemingly never ends. There are actually three types of bipolar disorder. In bipolar III disorder there is a family history of mania or hypomania in addition to the client experiencing depressive episodes. This category is not highly used but is worth noting. Bipolar II disorder is marked by hypomanic episodes that have not required hospitalization. Bipolar I disorder is the full-blown illness and is defined by the presence of manic episodes which require treatment, and usually hospitalization (Wilner 44).
Paris, J. (2004), Psychiatric diagnosis and the bipolar spectrum, in Canadian Psychiatric Association Bulletin, viewed on 28 March 2014, http://ww1.cpa-apc.org:8080/publications/bulletin/currentjune/editorialEn.asp.
Bipolar disorder is an overwhelming mental illness that can affect one’s life drastically. Bipolar is a disorder that is characterized by recurring episode of mania and depression. Most people who suffer from bipolar disorder are often misdiagnosed, and undergo ineffective treatments, which may hinder recovery and lead to the progression of the illness. In the movie “Mr. Jones”, (1993) the main character experiences broad symptoms of bipolar disorder that lead to an improper diagnosis. The article chosen to support this paper Emotional Reactivity in Bipolar Depressed Patients ( P. Stratta, D. Tempesta, R. L. Bonanni, S. de Cataldo, and A. Rossi Journal of Clinical Psychology 2014), broadly debates that bipolar disorder has