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Biological theory on mental illness
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Over time, while people are becoming diagnosed it has become evident clients are bearing the label of their diagnosis much more than necessary. This has increased due to the attitude society bears of people who are living with various disorders that others do not have. Which leads people to believe those who may have a diagnosis are abnormal, when compared to the people around them. In order to address this issue effectively, the current diagnostic approaches need to be reviewed in order to make improvements to the system that is being abided by currently. For there are many differing views when it comes to distinguishing abnormality from normality, however this can be done by looking into the biological, psychological, and sociocultural perspectives …show more content…
In most cases if utilizing the biological approach, clinicians will most likely treat the present abnormal behaviors with different drugs available to help the client manage the biological factors. Looking into abnormal behaviors with a biological view point can be rather helpful, because the qualities of an individual’s personality comes from the intricate interactions between the environment and the biological make-up (Sue 2003). The biological perspective is useful because, numerous mental disorders stem from a brain abnormality (such as an imbalance in hormones) or from some other form of an inherited genetic abnormality (Sue 2003). However, one should not focus solely on the biological aspect of a client’s disorder, for the client is simply not a disorder, instead they are a human being who has other needs they must be addressed to fully treat them properly. Butcher points this out by saying, “It is important to note here that although the discovery of the organic bases of mental disorders addressed the “how” behind causation, it did not, in most cases address the “why”” (Butcher p. 44). Because, explaining how normality works within a biological perspective can be rather difficult when explaining the connection between biological and physical sciences, for the concept of normality must be looked into on a deeper level. (Wachbroit
Dr. Genscher believes that most psychological disorders result from chemical abnormalities. In her work as a therapist, Dr. Genscher is most likely to make use of:
Allen Frances spends his time concluding his thoughts about the DSM and diagnostic inflation in the third part of “Saving Normal”. Frances appears to be passionate about reducing over-diagnosing and unnecessary medication. Frances did a good job providing us with ways that can change the future of diagnosis. Having a complete culture change will be difficult, but we can begin by educating ourselves.
Many professionals are qualified and certified to help handle mental health disorders and they vary from a wide range of disciplines. All focus on helping the individual who is struggling with their mental health the professional help that they need and deserve. Many mental health professionals will initially do a biopsychosocial assessment of the person’s life in order to better gauge where the strengths lie in this person’s life and where underlying issues may be held. This assessment includes looking at the person from a biological viewpoint, a psychological viewpoint, and a social viewpoint. The biological perspective looks at a person’s medical needs, including neurological testing. The psychological standpoint focuses on a person’s psychological
The Medical and Psychological Models of Abnormality Works Cited Missing By the term "medical model" of abnormality we mean the biological model, what the individual is born with either with reference to their brain or even genetics. The biological explanation would suggest that the individual's mental disorder is a cause of biological malfunctioning. They see that environmental factors are of little importance when taking the biological approach.
The nature of the disorder makes it difficult to treat, since patients are convinced that they suffer from a real and serious medical problem. Indeed, the mere su...
The biological approach assumes that all behaviour, including mental illnesses, has physiological causes in the same way that physical illnesses have physical causes. Abnormal behaviour may be caused because the brain is damaged or because the brain is not functioning properly. The biological approach assumes that mental illnesses can be caused by chemical imbalance in the brain or by genetic disorders. The biological approach assumes that psychological illnesses, just like physical illnesses, have recognisable symptoms that can be categorised. Finally, the biological approach assumes that mental illness can be treated medically. One type of therapy is Psychosurgery. This is an invasive medical treatment that involves the deliberate destruction of tiny amounts of brain tissue in order to treat mental illnesses such as clinical depression. The aim of psychosurgery is to interrupt the brain
There are multiple criteria that come into play when determining a psychological disorder. One reason is because, it is hard to know for sure if an action is abnormal or not. Something could be abnormal in our country, but a custom in another.
Darwinism, the theory of evolution, is a controversial theory that is still being contemplated today. Before the 19th century scientist were puzzled by the idea of where humans, plants, and animals originated. In the late 1700s the question was first tried by a group of scientist, but they were not successful. It was not until a young Charles Darwin found interest in the subject that the discovery was finally able to become a theory. His observations led to his theory of evolution by natural selection. Although, it was a new discovery that shocked so many, Darwin and his accomplices did not realize how significant their newfound theory was. ~~~~
Medical Model attributes mental illness to physiological, biological or genetic causes. ( Mental Healthcare, 2013) Genetic factors suggest that psychopathology is inherited from parent, through genes. Genes contain instructions for the function of each cell in the body and are sometimes responsible for how we look, act, and think. While, biology causes relates mental illnesses to an abnormal balance of brain chemicals called neurotransmitter. When neurotransmitter.is damaged, messages may not make it through to the brain correctly, or cause injury to certain areas of the brain, leading to symptoms of mental illness. Biological science has also given insight into the causes of some conditions, such as GPI and Alzheimer's disease. (McLeod, 2014) ((Hungerford,2009)
The biological approach emphasizes physical and biological bases of behaviour. It looks at how brain functions influence different behaviours and personality. The study of nervous system has played a major role in the development of biological approach to psychology. On the other hand, the psychoanalytic approach explains personality, motivation and psychological disorders by focusing on the influence of early childhood experiences, unconscious motives and conflicts. This essay attempts to explain biological and psychoanalytic approaches to psychology with focus on their core assumptions, key features, similarities and differences.
If you were told to believe a side of an argument that did not have majority of evidence points on its side, would you? The theories of evolution, creation and intelligent design have been a debated controversy for years and years. These three theories have three different ideas. The theory that creationists have is to believe that concept and design require a Creator. Creationists usually tend to believe that each organism is created as a single and distinct organism. Evolutionists tend to believe that all life started from single celled organisms. They believe that these single celled organisms are part of a continuing evolution over a very long period of time and that this evolution results in the development of new varieties and different species. People who believe in intelligent design believe in the theory that the universe cannot have arisen by chance and was designed and created by some intelligent entity. Evolution is the theory that is most probable because of the fossil record, similarities in all organisms and genetic changes in a population over time.
Natural selection is a process that affects the relative proportions of a biological, heritable trait within a population of individuals as a result of differential mating success. Humans, like all other organisms on the planet, are subject to natural selection, and have been since the birth of our species 200,000 years ago. However, a dramatic change in the pattern of human adaptation to selective pressures occurred around 12,000 years ago when humans began to aggregate in larger numbers, sustained by the innovation of agriculture. This period, known as the Neolithic demographic transition, marks the beginning of contemporary human society (Armelagos and Dewey, 1970; Karlsson et al., 2014). The statement ‘in contemporary human societies, natural selection is not a driver for genetic evolution’ does not well describe the complexities of human adaptation; while popular opinion suggests that advances in technology have separated humans from natural forces, in fact as long as there is variance in fitness which co-varies with phenotypic traits, humans will not be exempt from natural selection (Courtiol et al., 2012; Milot and Pelletier, 2013). While human societies from the beginnings of agriculture, cities, and rapid population expansion respond with ever increasing technological solutions to environmental pressures, evidence of natural selection can still be found by looking for observable, heritable traits that confer a fitness advantage to the individual that has that trait. Some of the most dramatic examples of natural selection affecting human populations within the last 12, 000 years have resulted from human adaptation to infectious disease. Several examples of natural selection acting ...
Nature is described as our physical attributes and genes from when we are born. Our genetics that make us who we are include our eye colour, height and hair colour, as well as our natural talents, abilities and our intelligence level.
Nature vs nurture debate is one of the oldest arguments in the history of psychology. It is the scientific cultural, and philosophical debate about whether human culture, behavior, and personality are caused primarily by nature or nurture. Nature and nurture are both equally important. They are the two are major influences that affect the person you grow to be and will determine what your children will be tomorrow. Nature refers to heredity, which are traits and features that are inherited from your parents and ancestors. At birth you, as a person, inherits 50% of each parent 's genetic material that are passed along through the chromosomes found in the DNA. Hair color, height, body type, and eye color are some examples of characteristics
In some cases the causes of mental illness primarily found inside the individual. Some of them have been associated with an abnormal balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. If they are out of balance the communication between nerve cell in the brain disrupted (Royal Australian and New Zealand College of psychiatrist, 2005). Hence, leading to symptoms of mental illness like depression, schizophrenia. On the other hand, genetics also plays a significant role to acquire mental disorder, which is passed...