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Critical theory in education
Genderlect theory
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Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine: an Innovative Diasporic Representation
Diasporic literature reflects challenges, aspirations and anxieties of a person who migrates to a new land. The first generation of all immigrants always suffers from a broad sense of nostalgia, and the first generation immigrants tend to cling strenuously together in order to preserve their cultural, religious and linguistic identity. Preserving their identity is one of their chief concerns. (Anand viii)
The understanding of migration and existing in a Diaspora have aroused active engagement in Postcolonial literature, criticism and theory. Writers like Buchi Emecheta, Amitav Ghosh, Bharati Mukherjee have become famous in Western literary Criticism whereas theorist like Homi K Bhabha, Paul Gilory, Stuart Hall introduced new critical thinking and developed relationship between literature, history and politics. In the modern times the world is globalizing, people have to move from one place to the other to earn their livelihood or other multiple reasons thereby creating interdependence upon each other. Whether these migrations have been out of choice or forced, the idea of Diaspora in particular has been prolific as far as the movement of people throughout the world, in real-life is concerned. The Diasporic studies see migration in terms of adaptation and creation—adaptation to changes, dislocations and transformations, and the creation of new forms of knowledge and different ways of examining the world. The Indian Diaspora in the West has experienced a physical displacement but there is little cause for them to feel exiled. The external circumstances of displacement become less important while the psychological and spiritual condition of the mind, gain promi...
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1998.
Anand, Silky Khullar. Women Writers of Indian Diaspora. New Delhi: Creative Books, 2010.
Dhawan, R.K, ed. Indian Women Novelists, Vol. 1. New Delhi: Prestige, 1991.
Dhawan, R.K, ed. Indian Women Novelists, Vol. 5. New Delhi: Prestige, 1991.
Karen Offen, “Defining Feminism: A Comparative Historical Approach,” Signs, 14.1(Autumn)
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Komarovsky, M. Women in the Modern World. Boston: Little Brown, 1953.
“An Interview with Bharati Mukherjee,” Span, June 1990, vol. 31, no.6, p. 36
Bharati, Mukherjee. Sunday Review, The Times of India, October 1, 1989.
Kumar, Nagendra. The Fiction of Bharati Mukherjee: a Cultural Perspective. New Delhi:
Atlantic, 2001.
Mukherjee, Bharati. Jasmine. New York: Viking, 1989.
B. As ,”On Female Culture : An Attempt to Formulate a theory of Women’s Solidarity and Action,” Acta Sociologica, 28 . 142-61.
Murray, Judith Sargent. "On the Equality of the Sexes." Ed. Paul Lauter.The Heath Anthology of American Literature, third edition. Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1992. 1058-1064.
For thousands of years people have left their home country in search of a land of milk and honey. Immigrants today still equate the country they are immigrating to with the Promised Land or the land of milk and honey. While many times this Promised Land dream comes true, other times the reality is much different than the dream. Immigration is not always a perfect journey. There are many reasons why families immigrate and there are perception differences about immigration and the New World that create difficulties and often separate generations in the immigrating family. Anzia Yezierska creates an immigration story based on a Jewish family that is less than ideal. Yezierska’s text is a powerful example of the turmoil that is created in the family as a result of the conflict between the Old World and the New World.
Academic Search Premier. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. Rebel Without a Cause. Dir.
Moving from the unpleasant life in the old country to America is a glorious moment for an immigrant family that is highlighted and told by many personal accounts over the course of history. Many people write about the long boat ride, seeing The Statue of Liberty and the “golden” lined streets of New York City and how it brought them hope and comfort that they too could be successful in American and make it their home. Few authors tend to highlight the social and political developments that they encountered in the new world and how it affected people’s identity and the community that they lived in. Authors from the literature that we read in class highlight these developments in the world around them, more particularly the struggles of assimilating
Here the role of women in this society is seen. Everyone except the Econowives are divided, as shown by how they dress. Therefore, their individuality
Accordingly, I decided the purposes behind women 's resistance neither renamed sexual introduction parts nor overcame money related dependence. I recalled why their yearning for the trappings of progression could darken into a self-compelling consumerism. I evaluated how a conviction arrangement of feeling could end in sexual danger or a married woman 's troublesome twofold day. None of that, regardless, ought to cloud an era 's legacy. I comprehend prerequisites for a standard of female open work, another style of sexual expressiveness, the area of women into open space and political fights previously cornered by men all these pushed against ordinary restrictions even as they made new susceptibilities.
Saiving, Valerie. "The Human Situation: A Feminine View" in Womanspirit Rising, Carol P. Christ and Judith Plaskow, eds. Harper & Row, 1979, pp. 25-42.
Lugones, Maria C. and Elizabeth V. Spelman. Have We Got a Theory for You! Feminist Theory, Cultural Imperialism and the Demand for “The Woman’s Voice.” Women and Values: Readings in Recent Feminist Philosophy. Edited by Marilyn Pearsall. Wadsworth Publishing Company: California. 1986. 19-31.
The concept diaspora was derived from Greek and means the migration, movement, or scattering of people from their homeland that share the some links or common cultural elements to a home whether real or imagined. The reason why the term ‘diaspora’ is important to understand and is useful because it refers not only because its linked and refers to globalization, linking and connecting place, social consequences of migration, but also, to a form of consciousness and an awareness of home at a more personal level. The feelings, relationships and identities that is often very deeply meaningful to migrants. (Raghuram and Erel, 2014, p. 153 -
Knott , Kim, and Seán McLoughlin, eds. Diasporas Concepts, Intersections, Identities. New York : Zed Books, 2010. Print.
The Construction of Female Power in
(2000) Clash of Cultures: The New Woman [internet] can be found at http://history.osu.edu/Projects/Clash/NewWoman/newwomen-page1.htm [accessed on 10-11-2005]
In the Third and Final Continent, Jhumpa Lahiri uses her own experiences of being from an immigrant family to illustrate to her readers how heritage, cultural influences and adaptation play a major role in finding your true identity. The Third and Final Continent is the ninth narration in a collection of stories called the Interpreter of Maladies. In this story, it discusses themes such as marriage, family, society, language and identity. In this story, we focus on an East Asian man of Bengali descent who wants to have a better future for himself so he leaves India and travels to London, England to pursue a higher education. His pursuit for higher education takes place on three different continents. In India, he feels safe in his home country and welcomed, but when he travels abroad he starts to have fear and anxiety. Through his narrations, we learn how he adapts to the European and American and through these experiences he learns to assimilate and to adapt to the new culture he travels to.
“If women’s contribution to the development of culture is to occur only through the exercise of masculine qualities, then that de...
Every human being, in addition to having their own personal identity, has a sense of who they are in relation to the larger community--the nation. Postcolonial studies is the attempt to strip away conventional perspective and examine what that national identity might be for a postcolonial subject. To read literature from the perspective of postcolonial studies is to seek out--to listen for, that indigenous, representative voice which can inform the world of the essence of existence as a colonial subject, or as a postcolonial citizen. Postcolonial authors use their literature and poetry to solidify, through criticism and celebration, an emerging national identity, which they have taken on the responsibility of representing. Surely, the reevaluation of national identity is an eventual and essential result of a country gaining independence from a colonial power, or a country emerging from a fledgling settler colony. However, to claim to be representative of that entire identity is a huge undertaking for an author trying to convey a postcolonial message. Each nation, province, island, state, neighborhood and individual is its own unique amalgamation of history, culture, language and tradition. Only by understanding and embracing the idea of cultural hybridity when attempting to explore the concept of national identity can any one individual, or nation, truly hope to understand or communicate the lasting effects of the colonial process.