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Describe the impact of the efforts of prince henry the navigator
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Europeans in the 1400s loved spices. They could be used to keep food from spoiling and make it taste better. Most spices came from Asia and were expensive because they had to come to Europe by long dangerous sea and land routes. Several brave European explorers decided to find an all-water route to Asia that would be safer and faster. These men began to explore the world beyond Europe in their search for spices. Prince Henry the Navigator encouraged men to sail and search for a water route to Asia. He started a school in his country of Portugal to teach sailors about navigation. Under his leadership Portuguese ships began to explore farther and farther down the coast of Africa. The Portuguese reached the southern end of that continent in 1488 and
Toward the end of pre-colonial times in Europe, due to the fall of Constantinople, many European nations felt the need to find an alternate route to the East Indies. The trade of rare goods such as spices, rice, exotic fruits and silk fabrics were much in demand, but came at extreme prices. In the beginning of the ‘Age of Exploration’, Portugal was in the forefront with the early explorers Henry the Navigator, Zarco and Tristao Vaz Teixeira, and Diogo Silves discovering the Madeira Islands, the Azores, and the exploration of Africa respectively, but King John the II of Portugal was unconvinced by Christopher Columbus’s pleas to fund his plan to sail West to the East Indies. Columbus made many demands for self-profit, including ten percent of any riches with which he returned, and even an ‘Admiralty’. Subsequently, Columbus took his plans to Queen Isabella of Spain. Spain acquiesced, and Columbus set off on his fateful journey. The Roman Catholic Church was very interested in expanding the Christian faith during this time and applied its influence on the monarchy. Religion also played a large personal role as Columbus truly believed that God spoke to him, and guided his hand. Additionally, at this time in Europe, land and food were at a premium. The monarchs of the era were fully aware that the acquisition of more land, slave labor and possible natural resources would greatly increase their power, prestige and subsequent wealth. After learning of Columbus’ successful return and the Treaty of Tordesillas (which divided the New World between Spain and Portugal), King Henry VII of England threw his hat into the ring and sent John Cabot sailing from Bristol on an attempt to find a shorter route to the ‘Indies’. Not to be left out in ...
Between 1450 and 1700, attitudes toward the European poor changed dynamically, roughly following a three-part cycle. In the late 1400's, the poor were regarded with sympathy and compassion; generous aid from both public and religious institutions was common. By the 16th Century, however, the poor were treated with suspicion and harsh measures, to ensure that they were not becoming lazy, using welfare as a substitute for labor. Beginning in the 17th Century, the attitudes toward the poor again shifted, returning to more sympathetic views and responses, though many members of the upper-class still retained the negative outlook on the destitute of the 16th Century.
In the mid 1800’s trade with Native Americans in the North West was extremely popular. One of the names associated with early trade in the North West is Hudson’s Bay Company. Hudson’s Bay was an English company that would trade goods to the indigenous people for furs, provisions, and other things. Trade with Native Americans was extremely popular during this time because the Native Americans desperately wanted what the Europeans had. That is why I think that the Europeans were benefited more by this trade agreement then the indigenous people of the North West.
Between 1450 and 1750, political, economic, and artistic changes affected Western Europe. Politically, in the 1400's parts of Europe had a feudalistic government and feudal monarchies but overtime Europe adapted to absolute monarchies, parliamentary monarchies, and nation-states. Economically, with feudalism declining, capitalism and mercantilism grew with the commercial revolution. In the arts, there was a change from the mostly religious art of the middle Ages to the Renaissance focus on realism, and humanistic ideas during the enlightenment revolution, also new scientific ideas during the scientific revolution.
After the Civil War, America was in a lot of turmoil, especially in the southern states. A goal of the U.S was to bring the southern states back into the union and fix up all the physical damage that tore apart the south. Reconstruction had a couple main goals to bring America back together and that was to fix the southern states of all the damage that was done, explain how the southern states could be readmitted into the union, and also implement how whites and blacks could live together without slavery. Also during reconstruction, black and white teachers would help teach former slaves who were illiterate how to read and write. Thought the main goal of reconstruction was to rebuild America, there were three different plans on how America
The Age of Exploration brought many unforeseen changes to the people of Africa. On a path seeking gold, glory, and God, many explorers reached new parts of Africa. Explorers were seeking a more direct route to Asia and believed they must travel through Africa to reach these Asian lands. Namely, Portugal was interested in this under the direction of Prince Henry. There, he believed they could capture the riches of Muslim trade and convert the natives to Christianity. King Henry died before the route to Asia could be accomplished but he laid the groundwork for later exploration and encounters with Africa. During the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, Europeans desire to find Asia greatly impacted the lives of native Africans through the slave
During the 15th century Europe had numerous changes. The population expanded rapidly which gave rise to new classes of merchants. European nations were very wealthy when it came to spices. Therefore, they traded them on the land route from Asia. These land routes were controlled by the Turkish Empire, which lead to many problems for the countries who were trying to trade these spices and acquire other valuables. This then steered them to begin searching for other routes of trade to essentially cut out the “middle man”. A race then began to erupt between many European countries such as Portugal, Spain, France, and England. These four countries all wanted to be the first to discover new land. However, Portugal pulled ahead and sailed along
The age exploration in Europe began in the 1400s. The rise of strong kingdoms, the desire for trade, improved navigation technology from Ptolemy and Al Idrisi like the astrolabe, compass, and better maps with longitude and latitude, and better ships like the caravel and naus led to a new era of exploration. After the Renaissance people knew the world was flat so they started to use the water more for sailing. The first country to send ships out was Portugal; in 1420, because they were at peace and had enough money they were the first to set out. They began mapping Africa’s coastline and trading with African Kingdoms. Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal taught Sailors when he got too old and could no longer sail. Spain soon followed after
Late Medieval Europe was a very different time from what Europe is today. It was a time where social mobility was unthinkable; people lived in fear of their creator, and were always trying to please their creator. In addition, Medieval Europe was an unhealthy and unhygienic state, where sickness and disease was rampant. It was a place where women had little to no rights, and minority groups were frequently falsely accused of many problems that were out of their control. For example, they were blamed for drought, which usually resulted in their unjust persecution because they “angered” God. Overall, Europe was the last place one would want to live unless you were of the nobility. On the other hand, Europe was also a major trading power, engaging
1. There were several factors that caused or encouraged European exploration and expansion. The first factor was the Europeans’ long-lasting interest in areas outside Europe. Some writers wrote of an imaginary Christian kingdom in Africa led by Prester John, while other wrote of lands that were rich in resources or were filled with hostile creatures. Muslims long had control of trade routes in Eurasia, but the Mongols reopened the trade routes to Europeans, allowing travelers such as Marco Polo to visit East Asia to find spices and other luxury items. This brings us to our second motive: $$ MONEY $$ and profits. Europeans wanted to find gold and other precious items. Spices were considered extremely valuable by many Europeans and made many
During the Exploration in the 16th and 15th century in Europe, many explorations happen. Ships and navigation knowledge grew,more people began to sail around the world, looking for a new trade route to Asia. Three explorers made great process these men where, Vasco Da Gama, Christopher Columbus, and Ferdinand Magellan.
The immediate cause of the European voyages of discovery was the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. While Egypt and Italian city-state of Venice was left with a monopoly on ottoman trade for spices and eastern goods it allowed Portugal and Spain to break the grip by finding an Atlantic route. Portugal took the lead in the Atlantic exploration because of the reconquest from the Muslims, good finances, and their long standing seafaring traditions. In dealing with agriculture, The Portuguese discovered Brazil on accident, but they concentrated on the Far East and used Brazil as a ground for criminals. Pernambuco, the first area to be settled, became the world’s largest sugar producer by 1550. Pernambuco was a land of plantations and Indian slaves. While the market for sugar grew so did the need for slaves. Therefore the African Slave start became greatly into effect. Around 1511 Africans began working as slaves in the Americas. In 1492, Columbus embarked on his voyage from Spain to the Americas. The Euro...
These routes were very important not in just providing goods for European countries, but “They linked its eastern lands with those of its west and Europe…” (Reid 6). From the east of Europe, Muslims dominated the maritime trade routes throughout the Indian Ocean in the high and late medieval times (Madeln Turkey). Those routes were important for the Spice Trade yes, but they provided a way to trade even more goods between the east, west, and Europe. In 1600, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, The British East India Company was chartered by her and its main objective was to gain cargo (Cornillez). India was one of the main suppliers. In addition, European countries traded with each other (Cornillez). India’s role in the Spice Trade was very important. This was due to its convenient location amongst the countries. When the Ottomans took over the trade routes, Europeans made the move to seek out direct trade routes with spice producing countries (Martell 44). India was important, very important, but other countries were too. Some countries could provide spices that did not grow in India, but grew in Africa or Arabia. The people of Arabia, to create a mystery of the gathering of spices told this story as told in The Story of Spices: “Great birds, they say, bring sticks which we Greeks call cinnamon, and carry them up to their nests. The Arabians, to get to the cinnamon, use the following artifice. They cut
Europe was just coming out of a time where ideas flourish and man was the main focus this time was called the renaissance. This sparked the want for more and to buy goods and valuables from Asia and so the motivation for exploration was started.The most impactful exploration was the discovery of the americas. In 1492 Christopher Columbus came across the americas. There he found such valuable as gold and spices but, he treated the natives to the land poorly. There are many things that motivated Europe's discovery and exploration of america's the 1400 and 1600s here are a few.
In the middle ages, the communication between regions became intense increased to a new level. As a result of this communication and with the refined road and sea line systems, trades became much more intensive than ever before. When international trades was in its full bloom, each region has its characteristic goods in this competitive market; for instance: Chinese are well-known for their silk and precious stone and woods, which led to the reopening of the ancient silk road; European produces great wine and iron, which all had a large impact over time; African and their ivory and gold, luxuries even in nowadays. But among these different kinds of regional goods, spices somehow stood out from others