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Behaviorism in education strengths
Introduction of behaviorism in education
Behaviorism vs constructivism theories
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Part 1 – Introduction For this written assignment, I am assuming the role of a mother of a grade seven boy, who is experiencing difficulty in school. The school follows the principles of a behaviourist model and I am outraged. I believe that the model used is the cause of my son’s – and others’ – difficulty in the school. I have had enough with my son’s difficulty and I feel it is my right as a parent to stand up to when I feel that my child is being taught incorrectly. I am organizing a meeting for the fellow parents, where I will have a presentation on the shortcomings of the behaviourist model. I will also introduce the constructivist model and its positives in using this model in school systems. The Presentation Welcome everyone and thank you form coming. I have created this presentation together because I am seeking a change in how the school is teaching its students. There are numerous grade seven students, my son included, who are unhappy and unmotivated with the material they are learning. I have discussed this worry with a few parents and we are seeking a change. After researching the type of education model our school is currently using, I have discovered that it is a behaviourist model. This model is likely the source that is failing many of our children. What is behaviourism, you may ask. Behaviourism Theorists such as Watson and Skinner developed behaviourism, a learning theory. This type of theory is more focused on the end result than the steps leading to it. It focuses on changes in behaviour that result from stimulus-response interactions made by the learner. The stimulus can be rewards and punishments, which will convey a behavioural response. The model is interested in standardized and observable outcomes ... ... middle of paper ... ...hat to create a model that will work for everyone. I believe that the constructivist model accommodates in understanding individual learning styles. The behaviourist model provides order and organization, which judging people like. In addition, the model creates classrooms that are structured and there is a routine. Teachers try to maintain their classroom in a routine fashion because they may see that as being less chaotic and more ordered. There may be some good from having a well-structured class, which consists of routine. I may have not seen the positive in using this type of model. Conclusion There seems to be pros and cons to both types of models. It depends on the situation or course when to use one model over the other. I feel that it is up to the teacher to evaluate which model is more appropriate for their class and possible they can combine theories.
Behaviorism, or learning theory is one of three “grand theories” of human development. The focus of behaviorism is observable behavior, with no reference to mental processes. As a learning theory behaviorism, assumes that learning occurs via interactions with the environment, through the process of conditioning.
...s in this field. Behaviorism can be used to improve our understanding of children and the learning process. However, factors other than environmental need to be taken into account. Children’s natural curiosity, prior knowledge, and early nurturing also play important roles in how children learn and behave (education website).
In conclusion, the theory of behaviorism is based on observable behaviors for easier quantification and data collection. Effective techniques such as behavior intervention and discrete trial training originate from this school of thought. The approaches are very essential in altering the maladaptive behaviors in adults and children (Cherry, 2011). Today, conditioning and the use of reward and punishment are used to help people learn accepted behavior and in other cases to help them stop problematic behavior (Coon & Mitterer, 2008). This has made behavior modification and training easy and possible. Therefore, Dr. John Watson played a tremendous role in the transition of psychology from the work of earlier scholars to the modern scholars.
Watching a young child grow from infancy to toddler hood, we marvel at the amount of learning that has allowed her to understand her expanding environment. Those early years provide the basis for language, physical dexterity, social understanding, and emotional development that she will use for the rest of her life. All of this knowledge is acquired before she even sets foot in school! This child has taught herself by gathering information and experiencing the world around her. This is an example of constructivism. Constructivism emphasizes the importance of the knowledge, beliefs, and skills an individual brings to the experience of learning. It recognizes the construction of new understanding as a combination of prior learning, new information, and readiness to learn. Individuals make choices about what new ideas to accept and how to fit then into their established views of the world (Brooks & Brooks, 1995).
Behaviorism revolves around the measurable and observable characteristics of human behavior, and is based off of the principle that behavior is a result of stimulus-response associations. The purpose of this learning theory is using conditioning in order to acquire a desired behavior. Once understood, the use of behaviorism can be an effective tool in the classroom for educators to use.
Wikipedia contributors. “Behaviorism.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 9 Oct. 2010. Web. 10 Oct. 2010. .
There are many practical applications of the behaviourist approach, including in education, child rearing, treating phobias and advertising, using behaviourist theories to influence societies on a large scale (McLeod 2015). It is very scientific, using repeatable experiments to prove theories on behaviour and puts a strong emphasis on objective measurement (McLeod 2015). It can be used to explain a great quantity of human behaviour, using a small amount of scientifically studied theories (Hill
Over the last couple of months I have had the opportunity to student teach at Crim Elementary School. During the few months that I was there, I was placed in a preschool classroom. I was able to learn a lot of different techniques and strategies that I will be able to use in my future classroom. Every student has a different personality so I was excited to get into the classroom and observe how to help each student. For this paper, we were asked to choose three different theories. These theories were used to help us understand every child’s developmental level. The three theories that I chose to do were Piaget’s three stages, temperament, and behaviorism-operant conditioning. One thing that I was excited to see was how often these theories
Applefield, J M, Huber, R, Moallem, M 2001, ‘Constructivism in theory and practice: Toward a better understanding’, High School Journal, vol. 84, issue 2, p35, 19pp
Behaviorism is the study of human and animal behavior. The idea behind behaviorism is that behavior is altered by stimuli in the environment and can be reinforced by reward or punishment. Behaviorism can be dated back to the 1800’s and has been studied by many psychologists. But the term behaviorism was known to be brought on by psychologist, John Watson, who wrote the article, “Psychology as the behaviorist views it”, that claimed behaviorism should be considered a natural science, rather than a theory. (Malone 2014) In Watson’s eyes “Psychology should embrace behavior as it’s subject matter and rely on experimental observation of that subject matter as its method” (Moore 2011)
Overall, Behaviorism is an important topic in today’s society. Although the main focus was in the 20th century, Behaviorism is still talked about today by many psychologists. Three important figures like Watson, Pavlov and Skinner were only a few that came up with their own experiments in order to prove that behaviorism all depends on observable behavior. Hence, Behaviorism is known to be behaviors that are acquired through conditioning in the
In a behavioristic learning environment, it would be accurate to believe one’s students will learn through the environment around them. Some examples include: the things that they hear, the things that they see, the things that they do, as well as the feelings associated with those. In a behavioristic environment learning is conducted through the use of a system of rewards and punishments. If a student is rewarded for an appropriate behavior they will continue to do that behavior, and on the other side, if a student is punished for an inappropriate behavior they will cease
Of course, to accomplish a successful teaching in my classroom I will use behaviorism as my literacy teaching theory. Behaviorism is a theoretical perspective of learning that focusses on changes in behavior. (Tracey, 2012) In other words, I will be teaching according to how the student behaves, the better they behave the better and faster I will be teaching. But if the student misbehaves then that will alter my teaching because I will not be able to continue until I feel that the students is behaving again. At first I thought that this theory had nothing to do with
The main instance that I use behaviorism in my classroom is through positive reinforcement. I praise, praise, praise my students all day. Students who are such young learners receive much motivation when they hear praise and specific praise at that. It allows them to be eager to please their teacher and provides a sense of self-accomplishment. In my classroom, I also use a treasure chest, reward coupons and PBIS reward money as major components of positive reinforcement. At the beginning of the year, I teach my students my classroom expectations and that I expect the best from them. This includes all of their daily work, including journal writing, morning work, etc. My students know what my desired outcome is. Student’s behavioral efforts are measured and collected on a weekly basis through a behavior chart. Their assignments are measured on accuracy and completeness in order to help them recognize the importance of their effort in finishing an assignment. I utilize a rubric on many of my assignments in order to help them achieve their best. Their meeting certain standards on their weekly behavior chart allows them to receive
Behaviorism is the point of view where learning and behavior are described and explained in terms of stimulus-response relationships. Behaviorists agree that an individual’s behaviors is a result of their interaction with the environment. Feedback, praise and rewards are all ways people can respond to becoming conditioned. The focus is on observable events instead of events that happen in one’s head. The belief that learning has not happened unless there is an observable change in behavior. “The earliest and most Ardent of behaviourists was Watson (1931; Medcof and Roth, 1991; Hill 1997). His fundamental conclusion from many experimental observations of animal and childhood learning was that stimulus-response (S-R) connections are more likely to be established the more frequently or recently an S-R bond occurs. A child solving a number problem might have to make many unsuccessful trials before arriving at the correct solution” (Childs, 2004).