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The themes of glass menagerie
The themes of glass menagerie
The themes of glass menagerie
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Transparent Beauty
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross describes people, specifically the Wingfield family, as “stained - glass windows. They sparkle and shine when the sun is out, but when the darkness sets in, their true beauty is revealed only if there is a light from within.” Through the play, Laura Wingfield’s beauty is masked by her crippled appearance and glass figurines. However, Amanda Wingfield’s beauty is hidden by her nostalgic controlling past. Amanda’s son and Laura’s brother, Tom, has his glowing dreams and future crushed by the regret of abandonment. Throughout the play, The Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams, the reader is tested and persuaded by the three main characters to be the protagonist of the 1945 play. To begin, the audience may feel Amanda Wingfield, mother of Tom and Laura Winfield, is the protagonist because of her developed personality. Whereas, critics would consider Tom as the central character because he is the play’s narrator. Finally, the reader may consider Laura as the focus because of her capacity to change through the play. In essence, depending on interpretations, any of these three characters are possible protagonists. First, some readers feel Amanda Wingfield is the best choice as the protagonist. It is very possible Amanda is the main character because of her ability and reasons to act. Amanda is a flat character trying to ensure that her daughter, Laura, has “plans and provisions” to keep her from “[drifting] along doing nothing” (34). Amanda may be the main focus because she has the most to lose and the most to gain. Amanda is nostalgic for her past, when men catered to her every need. Amanda wants to rely on a man to care for Tom’s “unmarried sister who’s crippled and has no job” (96)....
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..., and the importance of her actions. However, Amanda is not the protagonist because of her negative characteristics, her pessimistic reasons, and her selfish behavior. Tom is another candidate as the protagonist because he narrates the play, making his thoughts appear most throughout the performance. But, he is not the protagonist because he chooses to desert his family for his own selfish reasons. Some people feel Laura is the protagonist because she is most likely to change and is the center of the ongoing conflicts. Laura is indeed the best choice as a protagonist because she breaks through her wall, becoming a sophisticated lady. Tennessee Williams gave protagonist-like qualities to all of the main characters to let the audience be independent readers. The critics deciphered the difference between three main characters to determine the best suited protagonist.
Amanda is also well characterized by the glass menagerie. The glass sits in a case, open for display and inspection for all. Amanda try’s to portray herself as a loving mother, doing everything she can for her children, and caring nothing for herself, when in fact, she is quite selfish and demanding. Amanda claims that she devotes her life to her children, and that she would do anything for them, but is very suspicious of Tom’s activities, and continually pressures Tom, trying to force him in finding a gentleman caller for Laura, believing that Laura is lonely and needs a companion, perhaps to get married. Like the glass, her schemes are very transparent, and people can see straight through them to the other side, where ...
In Tennessee William's play, The Glass Menagerie, the character of Laura is like a fragile piece of glass. The play is based around a fragile family and their difficulties coping with life.
Amanda was a woman who lives in a world of fantasy and reality. In the past memory and the future of the fantasy made Amanda very strong, but in the face of reality she was fragile. Just like Tom used to explain “I give you truth in the
In the 1930s males were raised to be the provider for their families, and the head of the households. Females where raised to be housewife and caretaker for the house. In Tennessee Williams “The Glass Menagerie” gender plays a major role on how societies view females and males. Women in this time period obtained little power while men were the dominant ones. That made Amanda depend on her son Tom the sole provider for his family for their finically stability. Amanda’s high expectations of her son for the family security made it harder for Tom to live up to his dreams. In “The Glass Menagerie,” Tennessee Williams blatantly makes assumptions about the gender roles in the 1930s by making the narrator of the play tell readers how his family and society caused him to put his own dreams and aspirations aside to become the man of the household, like many other young men during this time period.
Generally when some one writes a play they try to elude some deeper meaning or insight in it. Meaning about one's self or about life as a whole. Tennessee Williams' "The Glass Menagerie" is no exception the insight Williams portrays is about himself. Being that this play establishes itself as a memory play Williams is giving the audience a look at his own life, but being that the play is memory some things are exaggerated and these exaggerations describe the extremity of how Williams felt during these moments (Kirszner and Mandell 1807). The play centers itself on three characters. These three characters are: Amanda Wingfield, the mother and a women of a great confusing nature; Laura Wingfield, one who is slightly crippled and lets that make her extremely self conscious; and Tom Wingfield, one who feels trapped and is looking for a way out (Kirszner and Mandell 1805-06). Williams' characters are all lost in a dreamy state of illusion or escape wishing for something that they don't have. As the play goes from start to finish, as the events take place and the play progresses each of the characters undergoes a process, a change, or better yet a transition. At the beginning of each characters role they are all in a state of mind which causes them to slightly confuse what is real with what is not, by failing to realize or refusing to see what is illusioned truth and what is whole truth. By the end of the play each character moves out of this state of dreamy not quite factual reality, and is better able to see and face facts as to the way things are, however not all the characters have completely emerged from illusion, but all have moved from the world of dreams to truth by a whole or lesser degree.
Amanda was a like a young woman living in an older woman's body. She was lost in her past and what she could have bee. She was an irresponsible mother who did not allow her children to make their own choices. She planned her responsibilities to Laura on Tom, leaving him with a large considerable amount of responsibilities that he did not ask for or what. Domineering is the best word to explain her. Tom and Laura were constantly being put down by their mother, and told to do things they did not want to do. Overall, Amanda Wingfield was an awful mother, always expecting too much. Never just accepting her children for who they were and loving them for being all that they could be.
The Glass Menagerie is a tale of a family caught up in their own deep struggles and sometimes selfish dreams. Throughout this memory play, the Wingfield’s struggles and conflicts lie deep within themselves, but also with each other. Laura and Tom each have profound conflicts with their mother, Amanda. What Laura wants for herself is completely different from what Amanda wants for her, as it is with Tom and Amanda. Laura’s quiet, timid life with her glass figurines greatly differs from the vivacious, successful, gentlemen- seeking life that Amanda wishes her to pursue. And Tom wants to escape the stifling home he inhabits with his mother and sister, and become lost in literature, movies, liquor, and adventure, and just get away, like his father did. But Amanda wants Tom to become a thriving businessman, and simply escape the shoe factory that employs him. These conflicts complicate the relationships that the characters hold with each other, and the world. The conflicts that divide Laura and Amanda, and Amanda and Tom, not only obscure their ties with each other, but ultimately weaken their grasp on reality.
Amanda loves her children and tries her best to make sure they do not follow her path to downfall. Unfortunately, while she is trying to push her children toward her ideals of success, she is also pushing them away. Amanda Wingfield is a kind woman stuck in the wrong place and time; she is trying to make her children’s life perfect while attempting to get a re-do on her love life with Laura and forcing Tom to fill the role that her husband abandoned. Amanda Wingfield was never meant to be in the situation that she finds herself in.
Amanda Wingfield (mother) is the most unrealistic of all the characters. She clings desperately to the past as she repeatedly relives the memories of receivin...
Amanda Wingfield in the play, The Glass Menagerie, written by Tennessee Williams, was portrayed as a distraught southern belle trying to control the lives of her children. In The Glass Menagerie Amanda is the matriarch of her small family who appears at first to be a woman who cared about her children’s futures- that is before she becomes so overbearing that she started to hinder her children’s future. Amanda was a single mother who could never grasp reality. The Glass Menagerie was a memory play that told of a family trapped in destructive patterns. After being abandoned by her husband sixteen years prior, Amanda became trapped between two completely different worlds; worlds of illusion and reality. It seemed like when the world became too harsh or hard for Amanda, she would just simply close her eyes and pretend like nothing was wrong. When the real world became to overbearing for Amanda, she would recall the days of her youth and how great they were. This was simply just a way for Amanda to stay optimistic and stay out of reality. Amanda made the relationship between her and her children very difficult because she never tried to understand her children’s different personalities. Amanda was stuck on trying to mold her children’s lives the way she wanted them, rather than letting her children choose and lead their own lives. Amanda’s way of helping the children did not let her connect with them the way that each of them needed. Due to her one minded opinion, she didn’t see that Laura was a shy girl with low self esteem and needed a mother to show her how to act around the public and that Tom just simply needed to switch jobs and have someone to talk to. Tom eventually left the house because he realized his weak relati...
Amanda is obsessed with the past which was filled with popularity and prosperity which somewhat helped her escape the problems. Amanda tries to escape the problems of life through her recollections of gentlemen callers. She repeats the story of her past that “One Sunday afternoon in Blue Mountain” she “received seventeen! gentlemen callers!” and “sometimes there weren’t chairs enough to accommodate them all” (Williams 1). She always reminds herself of the past. Her husband left her and she “retreats into the illusionary world of youth” (The Glass Menagerie 1). Audience can clearly see and agree that Amanda loves her children a lot, but because of her “constant nagging, her endless retelling of roman...
One of the major themes in the Glass Menagerie is the difficulty accepting reality. This is demonstrated each member of the Wingfield family. In the case of Amanda, she often seems to be stuck in the past and constantly recalls events of her youth. Terry Teachout describes Amanda in the Irrelevant Masterpiece as one who, “longs to retreat into her own dreams of her genteel southern youth” (59). Amanda often compares Laura to herself when she was younger, telling her stories of the night she attracted seventeen gentlemen callers as though she expects Laura to be capable of the same . Amanda has a very strong influence on Laura and comes across very overbearing. Eric P. Levy states that, “she turns her daughter into a mirror in which her own flattering self-image is reflected, but to do so she must first turn herself or, more precisely, her judgment, into a mirror reflecting Laura’s limitations” (530). This refers to Amanda’s inability to accept that Laura is not like her and is handicapped, due to one leg being shorter than the other, which in turn made her very self-conscious and shy. Levy goes on to further say, “Amanda slights Laura’s appearance even as she praises it.” (530). Amanda then goes on to tell Laura ...
The role of abandonment in The Glass Menagerie can best be described as the plot element that underlies the overall tone of despondence in the play because it emphasizes the continuous cycle of destruction and hardship that the Wingfield family experiences; indeed, abandonment in the play is a reiterative element that strips the excesses from the three main characters in the play and leaves them in their barest forms, united by a sorrowful reality and clutching each other through the ever-present need to sink into a self-constructed oblivion. The first, and perhaps the most notable and most frequently discussed, example of abandonment in the play would be that of Amanda Wingfield’s husband’s abandonment of his family; he left them at an unspecified time in the past because “he fell in love with long distances,” and evidently forsook any obligations and emotional affiliations that he may have had with his wife and offspring (Williams 5). Having been abandoned by a man who was both husband and father affected Amanda, Tom, and Laura in that it established many of their familial dynamics...
Characterization for a memory play can be manipulated or skewed to the narrator's discretion. In “The Glass Menagerie”, Tom is the narrator and telling the reader of his memory. He could be telling the audience the truth about how his family acted or he could be exaggerating his memory of them. To the readers understanding, Tom portrays his mother as a hound and reminisces in the past. For example, the play shows Amanda bragging about her gentlemen callers like in scene two when she says, “I wore this dress when i met you father and met 17 gentlemen callers that summer”(Williams). This depicts Amanda as a person that is trapped in her past. Amanda has had her glory days and now that her life has settled down she only dreams of her nostalgic past. Tom’s memories allow us to believe that Laura is unusual in some way. In the written play, Williams lets the audience know that Tom remembers trying to help his mother understand that Laura doesn't have gentlemen callers because she is weird, but states “we cannot see it because we know Laura and love her” (Williams). Tom’s memory of this scene is unique to Tom and could have been taken very different by his mother. The reader is only seeing Toms perspective and when keeping that in mind, the audience must challenge if he is telling the truth. If Amanda was telling her memory of this specific moment, then different words and feelings would be magnified to her discretion because she took the thought as though someone had just cursed at her. Amanda angrily mentions, “her differences only make her that much more unique” (Williams). Now, in the visual representation of the play the staging and acting of the characters can be seen. The TV movie kept all the details and music the same as Tennessee Williams vision when first writing the play. Anthony Harvey used the song “The Glass Menagerie” when
Tennessee Williams presents us with four characters whose lives seem to consist in avoiding reality more than facing it. Tom uses the movie theaters and dreams of a better life to avoid the harsh fact that he has nothing. Laura uses her victrola and collection of glass animals to help maintain her fantasy world. She would much rather pretend to be somewhere else than actually be somewhere else. Amanda lives her life through her childrens lives. This helps her to avoid seeing how truly sad her state of life has become. And Jim, who probably has the least need to escape reality, by avoiding telling people whats really going on in his life. Instead of telling Laura that he is engaged, he takes her memories of him as the high school hero and feeds off them.