The large mountains surrounding Anchorage collect a substantial amount of snow. During the Summer when the snow thaws, the water in the creeks start flowing once again. This is because of the Hydrologic Cycle, through condensation and evaporation, precipitation takes place, therefore causing runoff into creeks and streams. Due to this continuous pattern of melting and freezing, the stream that I am studying is perennial. My stream reach was located upstream from Eastchester between a bridge and a large, silver culvert. This stream was most likely a lower reach because of its substrate and distance from the ocean. The substrate consisted of mostly gravels, sand/silt, and few cobbles and gravels. The stream was roughly 15 feet wide and 2.5 …show more content…
Two cottonwood trees growing on the far left side of the stream gradually have ‘caught’ twigs and logs, which over time provided a structure place for animals. The shade and structure provides habitat for fish, and other aquatic animals for a place to rest and possibly hide from predators. Additionally, the shoreline near the right side of the stream is sturdy, while the left side is partially undercut a few inches. Since the stream is particularly shallow the lands surrounding it I would not consider as wetlands, however there is still a plentiful amount of riparian vegetation. Encompassing the stream are mainly facultative wetland plants, but their are also a minimal amount of obligate. This large amount of vegetation/habitat structure doesn't just protect the stream and the marine creatures within it, but helps the ecosystem by providing a place for many types of waterfowl to nest. Also, it provides a variety of bugs, which encourages even woodpeckers and magpies to make the stream ecosystem their home. Moreover, besides obligate and facultative wetland plants, their were a large amount of trees and shrubs further away from the stream that are intolerant of the saturated soils, known as upland
Section One - On the Beach Question 1: At the beginning Moira Davidson drinks a lot of Alcohol (alcohol). She is sad and angry because she can’t understand why the Australians have to pay for other people’s faults. John Osborne blames Moira to drink (for drinking?) too much to escape from reality.
This report is to see the effects of stream erosion and transportation of sediment caused by running water in the North Fork Cosumnes River California. The field repot was conducted on July 9, 2014 by Joel Morsey and John Morsey. I chose this location because I used to go there with my family when I was younger to swim in the river. I was interested to see how low the river was, because of the drought California has been having and to see the effects of erosion in more detail because the water would be much lower.
Louisiana contains approximately 40% of the coastal wetlands of the lower forty-eight states. Louisiana has lost up to forty square miles of marsh per year for several decades (accounting for 80% of the nation’s annual coastal wetland loss) (lacoast.gov). From a hydrologic standpoint, the wetlands replenish aquifers, hold excess floodwaters from intense rainfalls, and provide storm surge protection.
To begin with, the Florida Everglades provides a place for different species to live. According to Wetlands and Habitat Loss, wetlands can support a wide diversity of plants, fish, reptiles, mammals, and birds due to their special qualities (Mao 2). For example, the Florida Everglades contain populations of opossums,
A river or “stream, ribbons of water confined to channels, or troughs, cut into the land,” (Marshak, 2009) is formed from a drainage network or “the array of interconnecting streams” that form tributaries. (Marshak, 2009). The amount of water that flows down a stream is its discharge. The discharge measurement takes the width and depths or cross sectional area of a river as well as the downstream velocity to get a numeric value for amount of water moving down stream. (Marshak, 2009)
"Step 1. Characterizations of the Watershed." Forest Service: 17 pars. Viewed 7 Nov. 2002. <http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/psicc/spl/south_platte_web/step_1.htm>.
This paper introduces the environmental concerns of the loss of coastal wetlands. The paper will discuss the significance of wetlands and the devastation that is occurring because of human activity. Wetlands are an essential element of our environment both ecological and societal; conservation will be essential for the preservation of these precious ecosystems.
However, the results showed that it was in good health. The stream showed bare soil, minor bank erosion, and no turbidity. The widest point was no more than 8 meters wide, and the narrowest point was about 4.5 meters wide. The deepest point that my team found was about 1 meter deep, and the shallowest was .25 meters deep. We found that the velocity of the stream was 6.18 m/s. Given this I claim that the stream is in good health.
Between 300 and 400 million people worldwide live in areas near wetlands and depend on them. Wetlands are mechanisms for treatment of wastewater are extremely efficient because they absorb chemicals and filter pollutants and sediments. Half the world's wetlands have disappeared due to urbanization and industrial development. The only way to achieve sustainable development and poverty reduction will be through better management of rivers and wetlands, and the land they drain and drain as well as through increased investment in them.
Not only do these habitats benefit the lakes and the ecosystem surrounding them, humans are able to benefit from them as well. With the wetlands being such an essential asset to the Great Lakes, they are also very susceptible to damage and destruction. Wetlands are sometimes referred to as the kidneys or sponges of the earth because they benefit the earth so much with filtration and extracting (“Basic Facts About Wetlands”). They provide services that reduce flooding for humans, prevent erosion and improve water quality. These wetlands also provide a proper habitat for species like waterfowl and some fish.
Animals and plants form a great part in deciding whether the wetland is safe or not, as certain plants and trees as well as animals may be vectors for diseases or poisonous to human
When water levels are low wetlands release water. Wetlands include swamps, marshes and bog. Wetlands vary widely because of differences in soils topography, climate, hydrology, vegetation, and other factor. Many swamps occur along large rivers where they are critically dependent upon natural water.
Wetlands are also an important type of freshwater ecosystem. They may be soggy and stinky, but they provide critical habitat for tons of plants and animals, help clean our water, control floods, and provide food for
Hoag, Chris J., et al. Riparian Wetland Information. Aberdeen: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2001.
These are flowing water bodies moving in one direction. Streams and rivers can be found everywhere — their origin may be springs, snowmelt or even lakes, and then travel all the way to mouth, usually another water channel or the ocean. The characteristics of river or stream changes during their journey from their source to mouth. The temperature is much lower at the source as compared to its mouth. The water is clearer and has higher oxygen level. freshwater fishes such as trout and heterotrophs can be found. Towards the middle part of the stream/river, its width increases, and also its species diversity — many aquatic green plants and algae are found. Toward the mouth of the river/stream, the water