The Baroque Period, beginning in c. 1590 in Rome, Italy, was an elaborate and highly detailed art period that spread throughout Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries. The Baroque style, often including religious themes, was encouraged by the Catholic Church to diminish Protestant Reformation. Depending on the location, baroque art manifested differently contingent on the political influences, religious influences, and cultural climates. No matter the location, baroque art never ceased to have grandeur, elaborate, and elegant factors that created the entire Baroque aesthetic. Two more factors that contributed to baroque art were its clear and exaggerated detail meant to, “[…] produce drama, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, …show more content…
Caravaggio used chiaroscuro, the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting, in many of his works which later influenced many other painters. Chiaroscuro had been used previously to Caravaggio; however, he was the one who defined the technique. Caravaggio’s observation of the psychological and psychical reality is one of the factors that gave him popularity, but also caused problems for him. Another problem that Caravaggio was faced with was idolization of his subjects, because rather than creating them from muse, he just used models as a reference. During the Catholic Counter Reformation, the Catholic Church renovated many old churches which needed to be decorated or adorned with art. Caravaggio and many other artists fulfilled this need. Caravaggio’s interest in scientific naturalism caused him to develop a style of “unflinching realism, unprecedented approachability, and a direct appeal to the emotions,” which, in result, directly and indirectly affected many famous artists such as Rubens, Bernini, and Rembrandt. Artist Peter Paul Rubens, like Caravaggio, was exposed to the Catholic Counter Reformation, and was likewise impacted by the …show more content…
The bodies usually depicted in Rubens’ paintings were either nude or had cloth lavishly laying over them. He made baroque art an international art form and heavily impacted the art of the nude and classic antiquity. Rembrandt van Rijn was a notable portraitist, and a pioneer in the Dutch Baroque Movement. Rembrandt, like other artists before him, used the popular technique chiaroscuro with lavish brushwork, and a richer color palette in which he mastered. Rembrandts broad brushstrokes and glazes gave his paintings depth and originality. Rembrandt also took to the idea of human emotion, however instead of using the body to depict emotion like Rubens, he used his subjects face as a medium instead like in his work Portrait of Agatha Bas (1641)(detail). Gian Lorenzo Bernini changed the art style of Rome and influenced if not created the style that dominated the 17th century Italian Sculpture. The majority of Bernini’s works often had a religious or mythological subject or theme. Bernini used spirals and swirling composition to create a dramatic affect by drawing your eyes upward. Bernini also made his sculptures visually dynamic to invite in viewers from all directions and multiple viewpoints at once as seen in Apollo and Daphne
The baroque has been called a theatrical style, one that deals in spectacle, grandeur, and dramatic contrast. Test these concepts in an essay that discusses the baroque as an expression of the Catholic Reformation, Protestant devotionalism, the Scientific Revolution, and the Age of Absolutism. Define your general statements with specific examples. The following essay will discuss the baroque period and how the Catholic Reformation, Protestant devotionalism, and the Scientific Revolution influenced it. The Baroque period generally refers to the years 1600 to1750. Classicism of the Renaissance has been replenished during the Baroque period. During the Baroque artistic period, the exploration of the fundamental components of human nature and the realm of senses and emotions were very crucial. The Baroque era was a very dynamic time that showed an abundance of radiance and color. Artists of this time were passionate and sensual. Their works were many times considered to have an overpowering emotional effect. The superficial form of light was fascinated during this period due to the thoughts of godlike sun or the truth of the Holy Spirit. The Baroque naturalism maintains the religious themes in content. The elements of perception in the Baroque art are how we perceived the natural human figures are in motion through space, time, and light. We present and analyze the extent of human actions and passions in all its degrees of lightness, darkness, and intensity. The scientific revolution also had a tremendous impact on art during this time. Scientists started to study the earth and it’s positioning in the universe. This was a time when the people started take more of an interest in astronomy and mathematical equations. During the time of the Catholic Reformation artists began to challenge all the rules that society has set for artistic design. Artist starting with Parmigianino, Tintoretto, and El Greco began to add a wide variety of colors into their paintings, challenging the way things have been done in the past. These artists also added abnormal figures or altered the proportions in paintings. This is displayed in Parmigianino’s painting, Madonna of the long neck. During this time the Catholic Church was in a transition period moving from their recent reputation and becoming a well-respected organization. During this reform, an autobiography written by Layola about Saint Teresa of Avila set a new tone for Catholics to follow. This influenced people to have a more spiritual outlook on life.
...ic landscapes. The baroque marked the time in which painters considered using subjects other than scenes from the Bible and from classical traditions. The baroque period also was the period in which artists painted portraits, and everyday life scenes. Baroque artist broke away from trying to make the calm balance known to the renaissance artists. Artists from the baroque era were interested in no longer tried in the extreme. They wanted to paint subjects possessing strong emotions; they wanted to capture those emotions and feelings in their work. Instead of just extremes of feeling sometimes, these strong emotions were personal. More often artists tried to portray intense religious emotions. Baroque art attempted to explain how and why their subjects fit as strongly as they did by representing their emotional states as vividly and analytically as possible.
Peter Paul Rubens was the painter of the first part of the 17th Century in Catholic Europe. How he became so is an interesting story.
Much of the art created during the Renaissance was geared toward religion, and with Michelangelo this was no exception. By th...
As the seventeenth century began the Catholic Church was having a hard time bringing back the people who were swept away by the protestant reformation. The conflict between the protestant had a big influence on art. (Baroque Art) The church decided to appeal to the human emotion and feeling. They did so by introducing a style called Baroque. Baroque was first developed in Rome and it was dedicated to furthering the aims of Counter Reformation. Baroque was first used in Italy than later spread to the north. In this paper I will argue that the Italian Baroque pieces were more detailed and captured the personality of the figure, in contrast and comparison to Northern Baroque pieces that aimed to produce a sense of excitement and to move viewers in an emotional sense leaving them in awe. I will prove this by talking about the different artwork and pieces of Italian Baroque art versus Northern Baroque Art.
Tintin finds a lost briefcase and returns it to the owner, Professor Hector Alembick, who is a sigilographer, an expert on seals. He shows Tintin his collection of seals, including one which belonged to the Syldavian King Ottokar IV. Tintin then discovers that he and Alembick are under surveillance by some strange men. Tintin's flat is even bombed in an attempt to kill him. Suspecting a Syldavian connection, Tintin offers to accompany Alembick to Syldavia for research. On the plane Tintin begins to suspect his companion. The Alembick travelling with him doesn't smoke and doesn't seem to need the spectacles he wears, while the Alembick he first met smoked heavily and had very poor eyesight. During a layover, Tintin fakes a fall and grabs Alembick's
The Italian Renaissance and the Baroque era are two major periods in art history, some of the types of art in those periods were painting, sculpting, and architecture. During these periods, many artist gained enormous fame from creating wonderful pieces of work that represented their beliefs and artistic thinking. This essay will analyze and evaluate two pieces from those major art periods. Rembrandt 's painting The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp and the sculpture David, by Michelangelo. These two masterpieces shed light of their significance in art history. David represents the Italian Renaissance for it being a strong symbol of the new republic, The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp depicts the focus on human progression.
The baroque period was during the 1600’s that started in Rome, before spreading quickly throughout Europe. It can be considered a time where a new Art movement flourished as people were expressing themselves in the most creative ways possible. Baroque comes from the Portuguese word Barroco, which means something irregular or strange. At this time, art was being changed. Most of the art of this period is complex, to the point that it evoked feelings towards the “audience”, usually in dramatic ways. Baroque Art wasn’t meant to depict the life style of people at that time, however it is usually noticeable that most of the art have some ties with the catholic religion. While Baroque art is almost its own style, one can compare it to the styles of Renaissance and Neoclassicism. In terms of music, it is believed that Baroque brought about new music styles, including Cantatas, Operas, Canons and Concertos. It is said that the Baroque period end...
Peter Paul Rubens, the epitome of influential educated artist of the 17th century, studied the “works of Veronese, Tintoretto, Titian and Caravaggio.” (Baroque Art n.d.) and even went through the hassle of reproducing one of Leonardo’s drawings to show that he had understood the composition and style of Italian Renaissance art. Having been raised in Belgium, Peter Paul Rubens was familiar with Flemish Traditional art which was primarily landscape and portraiture, consisted of vivid detail with reserved composition.
Baroque art can be described as a “distinctive new style” in which artists embraced “dynamism, theatricality, and elaborate ornamentation, all used to spectacular effect, often on a grandiose scale”. Baroque art encompasses a vast range of art from the dramatic and theatrical Italian pieces, as the quote suggests, to the more simple and every-day life but still fabulous Dutch pieces. Baroque art can hardly be contained in one description because it describes so many types of art, in great part due to the religious, socio-economic, and political scenes of the time. Religiously, the Catholic Church was responding to the Reformation by creating dramatic pieces to invoke piety and devotion. Politically, monarchies and rulers were using commissioned art to emphasize their authority and their given right to rule. Socio-economically, the middle class was rising and therefore wanting to buy and commission pieces of art to boost their reputation and validate their status in the social scene. These three changes were extremely significant but can by no means generalize the entire historical context of Baroque art. Instead, they stand as specific examples of important reasons for the range and breadth of Baroque art.
The Italian Renaissance included some of the greatest artists we have ever seen from Leonard Da Vinci, to Michelangelo, and Raphael. The Renaissance took place from the late thirteenth to sixteenth centuries and is know as the ‘rebirth’. The idea that the rebirth of the arts after being asleep for a thousand years is an amazing thing to grasp. This time brought back light to liberal arts, which were on the brink of being extinct. (Murray 2) What is also interesting about art during this time was that most of the art had Christian in its roots, for example, Botticelli’s The Allegory of Spring (Faure 1) is said to have had a Christian interpretation. (Murray) “Every Italian artist, willingly took the title of architect, sculptor, and painter” (Faure 2). At the beginning of the fifteenth century, the Italian painters had asked the Flemish painters for their secret techniques because the Italians felt like the language of painting was one that was always meant for them. (Faure 4) The sculptors claimed their inspiration from ancient works. Lastly the Renaissance introduced idea of individualism, which helped the Italians get away from everything that was going on during that time. Art during the Renaissance included painting, sculpting and architecture, all of which were an important part in expressing the idea of individualism and making art what is is today.
The works of Caravaggio were created in what is known as the Baroque period and are unique in the fact that the artist used an intense form of naturalism in which he included all of a figure’s natural imperfections. It was because of this that the artist, although undoubtedly skilled at his craft, did not receive very many commissions. But this is not as to say he received none. He occasionally was hired to create works for the church, as his realism brought the religious figures and beings of the past to life for the contemporary viewer. In his captivating altarpiece, The Entombment of Christ (1607), Michelangelo Merisi de Caravaggio uses high contrast light effects, diagonals, and a strikingly shallow picture plane to create a visually dynamic scene and bring the feelings of despair out into the world of the viewer as personified by the figures.
Since the first prehistoric cave painting, and perhaps much before that, the human race has always used art as a form of expression. With the passing of each historical period came new technologies and techniques and were all influenced by the unique style, characteristics, and social conditions of those periods. Even though, each period discovered new forms and unique styles of art most historical periods were influenced by an earlier period of history. In this essay, I will explore the relationship, style, and influences of the Renaissance and Baroque periods and will also compare and contrast a work of art from both periods to further explain the relationship between the two eras.
A time of exuberance and elaboration ushers in new patterns and cuts, along with creativity and fantasy which brought about a distinct societal issue called classism, as shown by European fashion trends. The style of Baroque is “characterized by formal redundancy, by the complexity of patterns, by the eccentricity of decorations, and by the textile sumptuousness” (vogue.com). From light and airy tints, to deep and earthy hues, the coloration of clothes gave this extreme period emotion and depth that strikes the eye, even today. Classism is a major factor and restriction during this era, reflecting the attire an individual wears. Regarding child-like garb to the working class, public could distinguish rank. Furthermore, society can differentiate the church and the nobility’s superiority. In Baroque culture, your status was visually depicted by the clothing you were able to wear. Garments impacted civilization for the duration of the Baroque age, just as is does in society today.
The Baroque era was the age of magic. Flat surfaces became three-dimensional and paint on plaster became alive. It was the age of masterful illusion. Nothing exhibits this mastery better than Baroque ceiling paintings.