Avenir Typeface:The Typeface of the Future
Typeface designer Adrian Frutiger was an exceptional designer who created some of today’s most used typefaces. Born 1928 in Interlaken, Switzerland. Frutiger is a well-versed designer who has worked in photographic and digital typesetting as well as designing typeface. He got his start by age 16 as a printer’s apprentice, and, after that, furthered his education at the Zurich School of Arts and Crafts. From 1948 to 1951 he studied sculpture and design, but his primary focus was calligraphy. After schooling, he worked for Deberny & Peignot in 1952. Frutiger has built a legacy that has changed the world of type. In his lifetime he has designed more than one hundred and seventy typefaces, many which have
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He tried to, “make use of the experience and stylistic developments of the 20th century in order to work out an independent alphabet meeting modern typographical needs”("Type Gallery – Avenir"). This typeface is described as a geometric sans-serif typeface with a human touch. It is not completely geometric because it has thicker vertical strokes than its horizontal counterparts, as well as shortened accender’s. The x-height is also taller than other typefaces, which some consider to be a strength. Also the letter o in this typeface is very distinctive, as it is not a perfect circle. There are three weights that come with this typeface, as well as a roman and oblique version, but no italic version. What makes this typeface so unique is that each variation is designed for a different purpose, creating versatility. For example, “the Light and Book weights are similar, but Book is most appropriate for text blocks while the Light is better for adding a contrasting element (perhaps a heading) to a heavier weight. These weight selections also allow for optimal results under varied printing conditions”(Blake). Avenir’s characteristics and appearance make it great for using in texts and headlines and effective
How does artist Barbara Kruger use typography to give meaning to her subject in Untitled, We Don't Need Another Hero (image 21.32, page 513)? Put another way: what choices does the artist make with regard to the use of type in her
By being educated at a young age in literacy, I included it in my pottery and also working for newspaper companies strengthened my form of expression. Working in the South Carolina Republican and then later on The Edgefield Hive as a typesetter, it was a good experience helping my literacy skills but I didn’t feel fully indulged. I did it because I had to but also to learn. By understand typography, I was able to understand the science of the anatomy of type. They taught me the use of size, spacing, and placement of typography in order to show hierarchy, direction and attraction. I became to understanding that type is a collective of shapes and strokes. Master Abner 's newspaper did not get a lot of publicity and hit a crisis, which led him to cease publication of the newspapers. Master Abner then moved to Columbia, South Carolina, in 1832. He decided to leave me back in Edgefield and...
Gothic elements are used to show suspense, symbolism, and drama, while also setting dark and twisted tones about the story and its characters. In the passage "The Fall of the House of Usher" the author uses Gothic elements to entice the reader with details of ominous character persona and setting.
Carson is a designer whose unorthodox graphic style played a major role in his success in the design world. His sense of typography is original and unique in a way that he does not follow the basis of communication design. For example, his arrangement of text is not what we would normally see which is in order but positioned in disarray creating chaos and confusion which is new and refreshing. His use of interesting visual simultaneously with typography creates an out of the ordinary design where sometimes the images are deliberately obscuring the text that goes with it and occasionally creating an unfinished sentence or word.
Throughout history, the primary focus in life has been to supply oneself with necessities to survive and pass on your legacy through offspring. Now modern life in America has transformed into overloading our brains with advertisements, flashing lights, and constant entertainment regardless if we want it or not. Through considering the history of typography and the transition into the age of entertainment, the switch from typography to television will adversely affect public discourse and through the development of media metaphors, and along with the rise of the internet and its convince has shaped contemporary American thought, sending a wave of ignorance from one generation to the next. This new way of mechanized life is the way of the future,
Gothic literature is known for captivating readers by bringing to light the dark side of humanity. The Gothic possesses many key elements such as paranoia, anxiety, death, etc. It strikes fear and suspense in the reader not by creating fictional monsters, but showing the reader the types of monsters that lurk within human beings. In “the Cask of Amontillado” by Edgar Allan Poe, various themes of the Gothic are present throughout the short story such as gloom and doom, darkness, and madness. These elements are used to enhance the central theme of the piece: revenge. I will argue that Poe uses a number of the Gothic elements to craft an intense dark tale of revenge: an unreliable narrator, madness, darkness, a haunted setting, and evil/devil
The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allen Poe is a short story told in the gothic genre. Although this story was written decades after the popularity of the genre, The gothic genre through its descriptions of the atmosphere as well as its use of grotesque and macabre imagery creates a sense of alienation, chaos, entrapment, uncertainty, and terror in the reader. Gothic literature often deals with themes of death, fears and anxieties, good vs evil, estrangement, and revenge. Furthermore, gothic literature often ends with a sense of moral closure and resolution. The Cask of Amontillado use of gothic conventions can be seen in its setting. However, the story’s unconventional use of irony and omission of moral closure adds to the psychological
In 1886 an archeologists named Arthur Evans discovered an ancient stone that was engraved with mysterious writings. Through continuous investigation and research Evans made a connection between the mysterious writing system and the Aegean empire of the ancient Minoans. Later Evans discovered another unique form of writing that was very similar to the first one he discovered. Evans called these forms of writing Linear A and Linear B. Linear A and B is a form of writing systems that were used by ancient Crete. Evans named them “Linear” because the writings were formed in a linear structure instead of being a pictograph which was a very popular writing form during that time. Evans also discovered that Linear A was a predecessor of Linear B. The writing forms Linear A and Linear B opened up a new world of discovery for the archeologist of that time period. In return these writings made communications between people easier and became a stepping stone for our world a language today.
Structures built using the Romanesque style of architecture include the use of rounded arches in their construction. These arches are known for being relatively durable and versatile in their use. Rounded arches resemble the shape of an upside down letter “u,” utilizing the semicircle at the top for structural integrity. These arches push weight outward to the left and right side, then downward. Rounded arches are visually simple and clean looking. However, they are unable to contribute to the building of extremely large structures. If they are constructed too tall, they will collapse under the weight of the building they are meant to support. Alternatively, Gothic architecture widely uses the pointed arch. Seen as a groundbreaking design at the time of its inception, pointed arches look exactly like they sound, with a pointed tip at the very top. They are favorable to rounded arches since they push weight directly downwards, allowing them to support heavier structures without buckling. These arches were capable of supporting the entire weight of the roof, meaning that the walls could be built significantly thinner than their Romanesque counterparts. Structural engineer and professor Mario Salvadori explains, “The main difference between Romanesque and Gothic arches lies in the pointed shape of the latter, which, besides introducing a new
Graphic designer and typographer Stefan Sagmeister has always had a unique way of viewing the world, therefore has created designs that are both inventive and controversial. He is an Austrian designer, who works in New York but draws his design inspiration while traveling all over the world. While a sense of humor consistently appears in his designs as a frequent motif, Sagmeister is nonetheless very serious about his work. He has created projects in the most diverse and extreme of ways as a form of expression. This report will analyse three of Stefan’s most influential designs, including the motives and messages behind each piece.
There were two main art schools in Switzerland that produced artist who would establish Swiss design style. These two schools were he Zurich School of Arts and Krafts and the Basel School of Design. Armin Hofmann taught at the Basel School of Design in 1947. As a designer, Hofmann liked visuals that were simple and structured. A lot of his work can fit into grids and his typography of choice is almost any sans-serif font. Hofmann’s main forms of print work are posters as visual communication. Colors used in his posters are monochromatic meaning, black, white, or gray. Geometric shapes and abstract visual forms are two other stylistic techniques that Hofmann used. Typography is a huge part of graphic design and Hofmann can be largely credited with the creation of new typography styles. The International Typography style is what Hofmann’s work is considered to be part of; Sans-serif fonts were his choice typography style and specifically the Helvetica font style came out of the Swiss art movement. Hofmann’s Basel Theatre Poster created in 1959 is a piece of work that really captures the Swiss or International Typography style. It is black and white in color and only uses san serif fonts. All elements are laid out organized in a grid form. There is a photograph used in this poster and it is designed to be abstract to the viewer, lacking visual detail and only simple forms and shapes. Another famous poster of Hofmann’s
In the 1950s, Switzerland and Germany developed the International Typographic Style. Typically composition has a grid layout and san-serif fonts to create an asymmetrical organization of the elements used. This makes the information clear and easy to read. Later, in the 1960s, the United States went through a poster craze. The first wave of posters were often related to anti-establishment values, rock and roll and psychedelic drugs; often referred to as psychedelic posters. This movement had many characteristics from art nouveau, pop art and op-art movement. This is evident in the use of organic flowing lines and curves, color and the use of pop culture images and manipulation to show the conceptual image. The works of Armin Hofmann, poster
par 3). However, before he became interesting in industrial design, Berhns made other types of arts as well. For example, he did many modernism type arcuteture, applied art style paintings as well as many art nuvo (organic abstract) style graphic designs in the 1900 (abdulaizz . par 3). Soon after experimenting with different styles of design, he soon found the love of industrial design and arcutecture. In 1903, Behrns stopped practicing the organic abstract style and focused more on simplicity and geometric forms, which is called the industrial design style. Then after 3 years, Berns was hired to work for the founder of AEG (General Electricity Company) and where he designed and helped develop brochures, appliances like electric kettles and lamps for the company as well as the company's building ( Abdulazzi . par 4). All of his designed for this company followed one specific style, which was indusial design. Berns industrial designs, according to Abduaizz, “ reduced to geometric shapes and the absence of the ornamental design makes it less of a decorative… and more of a functional design” (abdulaizz . par 3). This design style was very unique, the designs were simple yet a very functional design for anybody to use in there everyday life. In 1914,
PRINTING PRESS AND STANDARDISATION In 1476, William Caxton introduced England to the printing press. This significant introduction to one of the world’s greatest technological innovations, at the time, helped to increase the spread of literacy and knowledge amongst the British people as the mass production of books became cheaper and more commonly available. According to Mastin (2011), the first book ever printed, although Caxton’s own interpretation was ‘The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye’ in 1473. Furthermore, Mastin (2011) states that in the following 150 years after the introduction of printing, up to 20000 books were printed.
The man behind the Fibonacci numbers, Leonardo Fibonacci, was born in Pisa in 1175 A.D. During his life, he was a customs officer in Africa and businessman who traveled to various places. During these trips he gained knowledge and skills which enabled him to be recognized by Emperor Fredrick II. Fredrick II noticed Fibonacci and ordered him to take part in a mathematical tournament. This place would eventuall...