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The importance of teaching writing
Importance of literacy
Importance of literacy
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Competency in literacy directly correlates with an individual’s ability to participate and function in society. With such an important onus on literacy learning it is transparent to realise that teachers are the first point of contact in formal education and play an important role in teaching our future generations and providing society with essential foundations to succeed. Following is a road map focusing on a balanced approach which promotes a combination of student centred and teacher centred theories to achieve the teaching and learning of writing. In order to impart literacy education with the aim to provide best classroom practice educators must use a combination of differentiated instructional methods and equip themselves with a plethora of theories that have had a major impact on teaching writing (not limited to, but) including; behaviourism, bottom-up, constructivism and top-down theories.
Government policy and statistics highlight the importance of providing future generations with strong literacy foundations through effective teaching. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006) published data which indicated that almost half the Australian population scored on the lowest skill level of literacy. Additionally the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2013) found lower proficiency levels of literacy contributed to socio-economic disadvantage. To address these issues in 2007 the Australian Government focused on creating an education revolution which produced initiatives to increase literacy levels (Seely Flint, Kitson, Lowe, & Shaw, 2014), these include National Literacy Week (Australian Government, n.d.a), teacher support in the form of Effective Practices in Literacy (Australian Government, n.d.b) ...
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...al of Educational Psychology, 100(4), 907-919. doi: 10.1037/a0012656
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2013), OECD Skills Outlook 2013: First Results from the Survey of Adult Skills, OECD. Retrieved from: http://skills.oecd.org/OECD_Skills_Outlook_2013.pdf
Renzulli, J.S. (1994). Schools for talent development: A practical plan for total school improvement. Marsfield Centre, CT. Creative Learning Press.
Seely Flint, A., Kitson, L., Lowe, K., & Shaw, K. (2014). Literacy in Australia: Pedagogies for engagement. Milton, QLD: John Wiley & Sons Australia
Tompkins, G., Campbell, R., Green, D. (2012). Literacy for the 21st Century: A balanced approach. Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson
Turnbill, J. & Bean, W. (2006). Writing Instruction K-6: Understanding Process, Purpose, Audience. Retrieved from https://www.rcowen.com/PDFs/Turbill-Bean-Ch-4.pdf
Knoblauch argues that there are many definitions of literacy that impact people’s lives. Although he argues there are many definitions, he focused on four types of literacy that are most common in society. Knoblauch labels them as functional, cultural, personal-growth/liberal, and critical literacy. He defines functional literacy as a level of literacy that is “readying people for the necessities of daily life—writing checks, reading sets of instructions”(1990, p. 3) and other basic reading and writing skills. However, he also warns that there are hidden agendas in these types of defined literacies. Ill prepared teachers who do not connect to and challenge their students result in no critical literacy and very little
Experts believe that writing workshops are an excellent way to get elementary school children interested in writing and setting the stage for a lifelong joy of writing. Lucy Calkins developed Writer’s Workshop which was based on many positions taken by her mentor Donald Graves (Feinberg 2). She identified six major components of the Writer’s Workshop, which make it so successful. The six components are: predictable structure, free choice, useful mini-lessons, daily independent writing time, conferencing with teachers and peers and modeling good writing.
Jones Diaz, C. (2007). Literacy as social practice. In L. Makin, C. Jones Diaz & L. McLachlan (Eds.), Literacies in childhood: Changing views, challenging practice. (pp. 203-216).Marrickville, NSW: Elsevier.
Vanderburg, R. (2006). Reviewing Research on Teaching Writing Based on Vygotsky 's Theories: What We Can Learn. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 22(4),
Finding a definition of literacy is not as easy as it sounds. The Webster definition says that to be literate is to be” able to read and write.” But to some researchers, this definition is too simplistic, leading to multiple models of literacy. Most Americans adhere to the autonomous model, which falls closest to the standard, dictionary definition. Believers in this form say that literacy is a cognitive activity that students learn like any other basic skill. It has a set of proficiencies that one must master in order to be capable of decoding and encoding text (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). A competing theory is the ideological model, which claims literacy is intrinsically linked to culture, and therefore what constitutes a “literate” individual is ever-changing. Society is the largest influence on literacy, according to this thought, and it is affected by politics, religion, philosophy and more (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). These two are just the tip of the iceberg. For example, some studies recognize “literacy as competence,” which is a “measure of competence to do a given task or work in a given field,” (SIL International, 1999) such as being computer literate. Although more researchers are recognizing and exploring multiple literacies, the one that most influences American schools is the autonomous, cognitive model – the ability to read and write. For many, it seems a simple task, but millions of adolescents are struggling or reluctant readers, and there are many reasons why young readers have difficulty with reading. XXXXXX------NEED HELP WITH THESIS STATEMENT HERE PLEASE—(This paper will focus on the effects of low reading skills, some of the possible causes of reluctant and struggling readership...
Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. Tenth edition. Edited by Laurence Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen. New York: Longman Publishers, pp. 371-377, 2008.
Tompkins, G. (2010). Literacy for the 21st century: A balanced approach. (5th ed., pp. 12-286). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.
English Language Learners (ELL) require thoughtful and careful instruction for both reading and writing education. Both of these skills are necessary for a bright future and to be a functioning citizen in Canada. Those that do not possess considerable literacy levels will be effectively 'locked out' from so much knowledge, information and ideas that are part of the culture of society (Christie 1990, 20). Having a low level of literacy usually means acquiring an unskilled job. The relationship between literacy levels and poverty is something that should not be ignored (Gibbons, 2002). Developing literacy skills in ELLs is a daunting task and especially with students that have not developed those skills in their first language originally. Through the Curriculum Cycle and proper scaffolding of writing strategies, this paper will provide a lesson plan that will help develop an ELL's writing skills. It will include many different tools that will help students gain an understanding and confidence of the narrative writing form.
Pinto, L., Boler, M., & Norris, T. (2007). Literacy is Just Reading and Writing, isn't it? The Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test and Its Press Coverage. Policy Futures in Education, 5(1), 84-99.
Literacy is defined as “the ability to use available symbol systems that are fundamental to learning and teaching for the purposes of comprehending and composing, for the purposes of making and communicating meaning and knowledge” (Stock, 2012), and it is one of the most essential skills that an early year student will learn. Literacy serves to provide the building blocks for the continued knowledge acquisition and general education of individuals of all ages; by working to understand and identify how and why literacy is taught using the structured literacy block format in Australian schools, and in identifying the benefits of utilizing this type of tool for teaching literacy in student’s early years, it will be possible to gain a better understanding of the organization, planning, and teaching approaches that are used in a literacy block approach. A sample standard literacy block will be provided, offering the means of understanding the applications of the tool, which will serve to further stress the necessity of this tool’s usage.
Winch, G., Johnston, R., March, P., Ljungdahl, L., & Holliday, M. (2010). Literacy: Reading, writing and children’s literature (4th ed.). South Melbourne, VIC: Oxford University Press.
Every child deserves a positive, safe, nurturing, and stimulating learning environment where they will grow academically, socially, emotionally, and physically. My role as an educator is to provide my students with this type of environment as well as an education that will help them succeed academically and become life long learners. It is the responsibility of a literacy educator to provide students with this type of environment, but also to provide instruction that will help students become successful readers and writers. There are numerous programs and philosophies about literacy and reading. Through years of experience and research, one begins to develop their own creative approach on teaching these skills. After looking at different programs and seeing the positive and negatives of each, an integrated and balanced approach of literacy seems to be the best way to teach the differing needs of each student.
To allow the children to have opportunities to develop their emergent literacy knowledge while spending time in the writing centre, the educator could add literacy related materials such as different writing materials and different things for the children to write on (Fellowes and Oakley, 2011). To support emergent literacy in this centre the educator could include literacy related materials such as:
Two days a week in the morning, the children participate in a reading and writing block called “literacy and writing workshop.” The classroom is organized into five different levels with one group having one extra person; the levels are based on scoring of reading assessments. The groups are rotated so that each may spend 15 minutes cycles with either the teacher or Para-educator. The groups not with an instructor were to work on the “Daily-5” (explanation later) until their scheduled lesson. After the students finish their lesson, they are to fill the remainder of the workshop time working on “Daily-5.” This workshop is part of a regular routine. The students understand that after a reading a story with the teacher, they are verbally given a writing assignment. The assignment is usually to write a five sentence paragraph and color a picture related to the reading.
Education Queensland (n.d.) states that “literacy is the ability to read, view, write, design, speak and listen in a way that allows us to communicate effectively and make sense of the world.” The Australian Professional Standards requires myself to seek help with my failing literacy skills and improve further upon my numeracy skills. The reading writing hotline is nationwide service that will provide myself with information about where i can locate nearest literacy classes and provide myself with learning resources. The Queensland Council for Adult Literacy (n.d.) offers the chance to improve my literacy skills and “provides seminars, workshops and