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Effects of foreign aid on development
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Robert Paarlberg, the author of “Attention Whole Food Shoppers” is currently a professor of political science at Wellesley University. Paarlberg’s interests lie in researching “food and agricultural policy, with a focus on farming technologies and poverty in the developing world”(Robert). In addition, he has worked in collaboration with the Gates Foundation, International Food Policy Research Institute, and the United States Agency for International Development in multiple countries. Paarlberg has also published a book, titled “How Biotechnology is Being Kept Out of Africa”, in 2008.
“Attention Whole Food Shoppers” was published in Foreign Policy magazine on April 26, 2010. Foreign Policy claims it “has established itself at the forefront of media organizations devoted to the coverage of global affairs”(History). The publication has an audience of
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approximately 2.4 million monthly readers and is on the verge of broadening its sources; some of which include John Kerry and Hillary Clinton. In Paarlberg’s article, the main argument being made is that in order to combat the issue of hunger in poor countries, donor contributions must be present and consist of knowledge, development and technology.
In other words, it is not a quick fix. Paarlberg, when talking about fighting hunger, states that “one reason for this failure has been sharply diminished assistance from international donors”(Attention). Similar to the 1980’s and 1990’s, it is not enough just to send food aid. The necessity is development, which leads these hunger struck countries to become independent and productive. Evidence shows that these specific contributions have made significant impacts in the past. For instance, “The U.S. Agency for International Development, with the World Bank, helped finance fertilizer plants and infrastructure projects, including rural roads and irrigation”(Attention), which was not in India’s independent capability at the time, and pushed India to independence from foreign aid. This is just one of the few examples of the type of support that is needed to end global hunger, which Paarlberg is advocating
for. The arguments raised in the article are remedied by the author’s use of statistics and credibility to appeal to the reader’s reasoning. Paarlberg addresses both sides of the fight on Green Revolution technology, by not only stating its notable accomplishments, but revealing its disadvantages to the environment. If he had only offered foresight for support of Green Revolution and its methods, Paarlberg might have only appealed to readers sympathetic to the topic. However, by presenting the opposition he is able to convince those who are skeptical as well. He continues to reason with reader’s through undermining the opposition by discrediting their argument. Paarlberg explains that certain claims, such as those blaming Green Revolution for world hunger (Attention), are misleading, and lack support from facts. The essay does well in helping readers see that the advantages certainly outweigh potential downsides. Readers reason with the author’s major point that Green Revolution has been proven to work in the past. This raises questions as to why spreading the innovation is being impeded. Although Paarlberg’s argument is conveyed as convincing, the information that he provides in support is abundant, maybe even slightly hyperbolic. By using excessive amounts of statistics, this article often times makes it hard to keep track of the information, straying readers from the main point.
Paarlberg’s essay as a whole also follows a pattern similar to the one used in the four sections, but to a less overt extent. The introduction provides a lot of the framework necessary for the content in the following sections and Paarlberg’s thesis is a claim. “If we are going to get serious about solving global hunger, we need to de-romanticize our view of pre-industrial food and farming.” Paarlberg backs his claim in various ways in the two argumentative segments following, and finally draws a
In Raj Patel’s novel Stuffed and Starved, Patel goes through every aspect of the food production process by taking the experiences of all the people involved in food production from around the world. Patel concludes by eventually blaming both big corporations and governments for their critical role in undermining local, cultural, and sustainable foodways and in so doing causing the key food-related problems of today such as starvation and obesity. In this book of facts and serious crime, Patel's Stuffed and Starved is a general but available analysis of global food struggles that has a goal of enlightening and motivating the general Western public that there is something critically wrong with our food system.
What’s the difference between a Walmart and a farmers’ market? What causes these differences? And, what are we more partial to? Tracie McMillan delves into the intricacies and complications of our nation’s food industry in The American Way of Eating. Specifically, as McMillan integrates herself into the farming and grocer/selling aspect of the industry, it is evident the food system has been extremely successful in offering ‘abundance, accessibility, and affordability’ to its consumers.
...struggling to earn any income at all and sometimes do not even get the opportunity to eat. Another issue that Raj Patel did not touch on is the lack of care consumers have for the farmers. It seems that consumers care about farmers about as much as the corporations do, which, in my opinion, is not a lot. When consumers only care about low prices and large corporations only care about making a profit, the farmers are left out to dry. Many consumers believe “food should be available at a bargain price, a belief that relies on labor exploitation and environmental exhaustion at multiple points along the commodity chain.” (Wright, 95) Corporations as well as consumers generally tend to be selfish and I think Raj Patel is afraid to mention this. If only these people cared a little bit more about each other I believe the hourglass of the food system will begin to even out.
Our current system of corporate-dominated, industrial-style farming might not resemble the old-fashioned farms of yore, but the modern method of raising food has been a surprisingly long time in the making. That's one of the astonishing revelations found in Christopher D. Cook's "Diet for a Dead Planet: Big Business and the Coming Food Crisis" (2004, 2006, The New Press), which explores in great detail the often unappealing, yet largely unseen, underbelly of today's food production and processing machine. While some of the material will be familiar to those who've read Michael Pollan's "The Omnivore's Dilemma" or Eric Schlosser's "Fast-Food Nation," Cook's work provides many new insights for anyone who's concerned about how and what we eat,
Nutritionism and Today’s Diet Nutritionism is the ideology that the nutritional value of a food is the sum of all its individual nutrients, vitamins, and other components. In the book, “In Defense of Food” by Michael Pollan, he critiques scientists and government recommendations about their nutritional advice. Pollan presents a strong case pointing out the many flaws and problems that have risen over the years of following scientific studies and government related warnings on the proper amount of nutrients needed for a healthy diet. Pollan’s main point is introducing science into our food system has had more of a negative impact than a positive one, we should go back to eating more of a traditional diet. I believe food science has given us
Michael Pollan makes arguments concerning the eating habits of the average American. Pollan suggests, in spite of our cultural norms, we should simply “Eat food. Not too much. Mostly Plants.”
Falkner, Robert. “The Global Biotech Food Fight: Why The United States Got It So Wrong.” Brown Journal Of World Affairs 14.1 (2007): 99-110. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Nov. 2011.
And, because food now comes at a low cost, it has become cheaper in quality and therefore potentially dangerous to the consumer’s health. These problems surrounding the ethics and the procedures of the instantaneous food system are left unchanged due to the obliviousness of the consumers and the dollar signs in the eyes of the government and big business. The problem begins with the mistreatment and exploitation of farmers. Farmers are essentially the backbone of the entire food system. Large-scale family farms account for 10% of all farms, but 75% of overall food production (CSS statistics).
Advocates claim that the world may benefit greatly from the production and consumption of GM foods, especially those countries with high rates of poverty and starvation. Experts insist that the GM products will put an end to world hunger. It is estimated that the world population will grow up to 9 billion people in 2050, and a good alternative to feed them is the GM products. Nowadays, in almost all African countries people are dying because of hunger and hunger-related diseases. The estimate of life expectation in these countries is fifty seven years old, and it will decrease to forty seven in 2020 (kwengwere 2-3). The governments of these countries are battling to put a stop to this unfair situation. Experts have said that the best alternative is the implementation of GM cultures in Africa; it will reduce the deaths, increase the life expectations and nourish the whole continent (Forsberg 1). The future of Africa is uncertain, but it is sure to depend on the hands of GM p...
In this world there are many different types of challenges faced but individuals in different countries, as people work together to find a way to stop or solve these challenges there are also some challenges or situations that individuals, even as a group, cannot eliminate. The race to reach conclusions of situations is very desirable and is being worked on very efficiently, but one issue that people have mistaken into accomplishing is hunger. Hungry is present everywhere and not a lot of people can satisfy or fulfil that need. Lack of sanitation, unemployment, and unhealthy diet choices these are involved in an imaginary line called the poverty line. The idea of food banks is a good start into eliminating hungry but the process still has a
America is a capitalist society. It should come to a surprise when we live like this daily. We work for profit. We’ll buy either for pleasure or to sell later for profit. It should come to no surprise that our food is made the same way because we are what we eat. We are capitalist that eat a capitalist meal. So we must question our politics. Is our government system to blame for accepting and encouraging monopolies?
Processed foods make up 70% of the U.S. diet. Over the past century, a gradual revolution continues to increase the average consumer’s intake of highly processed food products. Everyday, new food-like substances are replacing real food on supermarket shelves and companies continue to fuel this epidemic by mislabeling products. Consumers must learn how to avoid processed food substances, which have been associated to numerous health concerns, and select healthier alternatives.
Uphaus, Charles. “Ending world hunger: The role of agriculture.” www.Joomag.com. June 2008. Web. 9 March. 2014.
Danielle Knight stated that “The true source of world hunger is not scarcity but policy; not inevitability but politics, the real culprits are economies that fail to offer everyone opportunities, and societies that place economic efficiency over compassion.” The author is trying to say that, basically, world hunger is mainly caused by us humans. The world is providing more than enough food for each and every one of us on earth according to the report - 'World Hunger: Twelve Myths'. The problem is that there are so many people living in the third world countries who do not have the money to pay for readily available food. Even if their country has excess food, they still go hungry because of poverty. Since people are mistaken by “scarcity is the real cause of this problem”, governments and institutions are starting to solve food shortage problems by increasing food production, while there really is an excess of food in some countries. Although the green revolution was a big success globally, hunger still exists in some countries. The author stated, “Large farms, free-markets, free trade, and more aid from industrialized countries, have all been falsely touted as the ‘cure’ to end hunger”. All of those are used to promote exports and food production, it doesn’t increase the poor’s ability to buy food he says. What the government really should do is to balance out the economy, and let more people earn more money to buy more foods.