Atlanta Compromise - The Atlanta Compromise was a speech delivered by Booker T. Washington in 1895, on the topic that both Blacks and Whites both need to come to the realization that they both needed each other and need to act in a manner that allows them to peacefully and equally live together. The message from Washington mainly targeted both black and white southerners. Washington believed that blacks in the south should be satisfied with their current situation and that their continued hard work would eventually lead to increasing respect from whites in the south. Convict Lease System - The convict lease system was a labor system that was created to fill the void when the federal government banned the Black Codes in the south during Reconstruction. …show more content…
African americans moved in order to take advantage of the new need for industrial workers in the North and to escape the discrimination and poor working conditions in the south. This was an opportunity to start a new life in a new place and to better the lives of their families, and generations to come. There was still some prejudice in the north in certain places, but not nearly as bad as there was in the south. Executive Order 8802- Executive order 8802 was an order signed in by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 to prohibit discrimination based on race in the U.S. defense industries, and it was the first federal action of its kind to promote equal opportunity in the field of employment. At the time, the war had sped up the entry of blacks into the industry and had decreased the amount of poverty among blacks. Black Monday - Black monday was referred to as the biggest one day percentage drop in stock market history. This event occurred on the 19th of October in 1987, when the Dow Jones industrial Average dropped 22% in one day. It took over two years for the company to make up for their huge loss. Causes of this loss included low wages, and excessive loan amounts by
During the 1980's southern blacks from the United States dedicated to migrate to the north with the belief that the north had more opportunities and advantages blacks. Although, Frederick Douglas and Booker T. Washington opposed a migration to the north, millions of blacks migrated northward. The industries for the blacks migrating t o the north was what Douglas and Washington feared, black northern workers being placed in the same situation prior to their movement. Blacks were going to experience the same obstacles and disadvantages as they had in the south just with different situations. Northern blacks were going to experience prejudice, riots and murdering.
After the end of the civil war African Americans had more opportunity and freedom since the men were soldiers of the civil war. Most African Americans had the plan to leave the south and move to up north because of the racism still lingering in the south, for example the Plessy vs. Ferguson Supreme Court case. This case was about a light-skin colored man sitting in the “white” car of a train. Although he was light-skin he was still considered black and got arrested for sitting in that section of the train. This was an opportunity to express racial equality, but the end result was devastating. The Supreme Court declared that segregation of race was to be still constitutionally acceptable. Also economic status in the south was getting lower and there was not as much labor due to destroyed crops.
Booker T Washington's strategy applied in The Atlanta Compromise Address would be to say that he wanted all Black Americans to learn trades and would like for them to pass on those skills, and use those skills so their families could have a better life and probably even a better education. Become united with one another, become part of the industry, become someone, and show what you are. "Cast down your bucket where you are while doing this you can be sure in the future, as in the past, that you and your families will be surrounded by the most patient, faithful, law-abiding, and un resentful people that the world has seen." He's showing that when you are taught a specific trade and teach it to your families, they can in turn be successful and live better lives and be unionized with the whites. If you "cast down your bucket" to the Black people they are no longer going to be the same because they are going to change. The Blacks will make an effort to succeed in life. And they only hope for peace with the white folks and make a higher good for one another. (D)
However controversial his methods and objectives, few can doubt that Washington worked hard to achieve them. Certainly the high point in his career was his famous speech at the Atlanta Cotton States and International Exposition in 1895, in which he accepted social and legal segregation but promised racial friendship and cooperation.
Washington, Booker T. "1895 Atlanta Compromise Speech." Speech. Cotton States and International Exposition. Atlanata. 18 Sept. 1895. History Matters: The U.S Survey Course on the Web. Web. 23 Feb. 2014.
Many African Americans gained new jobs and opportunities through the New Deals policies, “2,117,000 Negroes were in families receiving relief in the United States”(doc 16). Low-cost public housing was made available to black families, as well as other minorities who needed the economic relief. The National Youth Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps permitted black youths to continue schooling and The Work Projects Administration gave jobs to many African Americans. The executive order of 8802 (doc 15) stated, “it is the policy of the United States to encourage full participation in the national defense program by all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin, in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the Nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders.” This order ensured African Americans that everything possible was being done to end discrimination in the workplace. Therefore, the willingness of the Roosevelt Administration to recognize the existence of a racial problem in American and how they managed to ameliorate that problem, was unprecedented. It made it clear that the federal government had a duty to ensure something was being done to end racial
The readings Booker T. Washington, The “Atlanta Compromise” and “Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others” were both very interesting to me. The “Atlanta Compromise” was the actual speech Booker T. Washington gave to a majority white crowd asking for support for vocational/technical training and education. His focus on the speech was for the Black community to use their skills to earn a living and focus more on that than race relations. He was encouraging the black community to gain financial security and be open to getting the necessary tools to be their own providers.
E. B. Du Bois indicated that the dominant influence that Booker T. Washington had on Blacks came at a time when there was less attention on the memories of war and more focus towards the idea of commercialism. Du Bois stated that Washington’s plan of industrial education was not original, that he simply added great enthusiasm as a way to gain an interest of the people. He recognized Washington’s achievements in the South as being the founder of Tuskegee Institute and the most notable achievement in favor of African Americans, his “Atlanta Compromise” speech. As a result, radicals accepted this as an act of surrender to Whites, and conservatives received this as a mutual understanding. Washington then gained attention in the North by grasping the concept that now dominated that area, which was maximizing profits and material
When the newcomers came to the north and west Starling, Gladney, and Foster it wasn’t a warm welcome. Wilkerson says that often when immigrants from the southern states came to the north or west mostly people closed the door on them and didn’t want to help. It a long time for them to find there place in major cities of the North and West, but southerners who stayed end up finding their way using elements of the old culture with the new opportunities in the north. Also traveling to the newer states wasn’t easy for African Americans. They usually traveling by train, boat or bus. And it was very dangerous to travel because of the gas station your able to stop at and even stop to get food. Also the long trips ahead. You would never know what troubles would be head of the journey. Typically once the black citizens arrived in the state it was hard to settle and to find a job with leak of skills. Like Ida Mae husband George ended up hauling ice up flights of stairs in cold Chicago and Ida Mae did domestic jobs before finding a decent job. Wilkerson also states that it took them a long time before really get settled in an affordable home in south side of Chicago. Then the journey to south was not cheap to make it far so many African Americans took in mind that having money before leaving would be the
for generations Both white and black families had grown up in a culture where the two races were separate. this created a vicious circle in which “discrimination breeds discrimination.” This, along with harsh Jim Crow laws and poor economic conditions forced a major portion of African Americans towards the north. By 1925, more than 1.5 million Blacks lived in the north.
Many African-Americans migrated North in hope of a better life than the South had to offer. They dreamed of better jobs, higher wages, better living conditions, and a life of less hatred. They would soon find out that the North wasn’t as promising as they hoped. The hope of a better life would soon be gone, as many African-Americans would have to settle for low paying unskilled jobs and high cost of living in the ghettos of the industrial cities. Although the North wasn’t nearly as bad as the South it wasn’t as nice as it had been made out to be. The spread of Jim Crow throughout the United States would ultimately keep many African-American migrants impoverished and would leave long lasting effects that can still be seen today.
The convict leasing system started because after the civil war and the passing of the thirteenth amendment, abolishing slavery, poor soother states had to contend with the addition of African Americans living freely in society but also contend with black criminals. Before the reconstruction era slave holders were in charge of punishing criminals and always did so privately. Because of the unknown effect on the economy this made the cost of criminal justice skyrocket, leaving state government desperate to find a solution to cut cost.
Of the many truly inspirational speeches given by African Americans, Booker T. Washington’s The Atlanta Exposition Address is one of the few that intends to achieve compromise. In his speech, Washington is trying to persuade an audience composed significantly of white men to support African Americans by granting them jobs and presenting them with opportunities. His goal is to convince his white audience that African Americans will be supplied with jobs lower than those of white men, allowing white men always to be on top. Booker T. Washington’s The Atlanta Exposition Address adopts a tone of acquiescence and compromise to persuade a predominantly white audience to accept his terms.
The African Americans were tired of being slaves, and they wanted their rights back. They won the Civil War and earned their rights, but they were still discriminated against. For example, due to Jim Crow laws, they did not get the same quality transportation that the white people did. Even today, African Americans are being discriminated against by law enforcement and other people who believe that they are plebeians.
On Thursday, October 24th, 1929, people began to sell their stocks as fast as they could. Sell orders flooded the market exchanges. (1929…) This day became known as Black Thursday. (Black Thursday…) On a normal day, only 750-800 members of the New York Stock Exchange started the exchange. (1929…) There were 1100 members on the floor for the morning opening. (1929…) Furthermore, the exchange directed all employees to be on the floor since there were numerous margin calls and sell orders placed overnight. Extra telephone staff was also arranged at the member’s boxes around the floor. (1929…) The Dow Jones Average closed at 299 that day. (1929…)