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According to the text, one disadvantage of survey research is the
Types of traditional research methods
Types of traditional research methods
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CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1. Introduction: Different aspects of research methodology will be discussed in this chapter. The study type, sample techniques, sample selection, sample size, questionnaire design and administration, data analysis, reliability and validity used for the purposes of research and methodology will be defined. “Research”- according to Degu (2006) is a systematic scientific process that consists of the inquiry, analysis and interpretation of data to generate new knowledge and answer a certain question or solve a problem. It is aimed at learning new facts, testing ideas and collecting information for the purpose of decision making (Degu, 2006; 58). “Methodology” implies the methods you intend to use to collect data (Kothari, 2010; 8) The research methodology used to conduct this investigation is of a descriptive nature. 3.2. Study type 3.2.1 Quantitative QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH is formulated numerically and aims to quantify data and generalize results from a sample to the population of interest in order to measure various views and opinions. Findings are conclusive and usually descriptive in nature. A survey is conducted through a questionnaire. 3.2.2. Qualitative QUALITATIVE RESEARCH is a method of inquiry according to Saunders (2003) is based on meanings that are expressed through words and obtains results in non-standardized information requiring classification into various categories. It also is an analysis conducted through the use of conceptualisation. 3.3.3. Cross-Sectional A CROSS-SECTIONAL study is an observational one in which the aim is to get a thorough understanding about a group of people. The benefit of a cross-sectional study design is that it allows researchers to compare... ... middle of paper ... ...ne). 2013. Available: http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/sampprob.htm(Accessed 18 March 2014) • Degu, G. 2010. Forensic Statistics. Ethiopia; University of Gondor. • Kothari, C. 2010. Research Methodology; Methods and Techniques. Southampton; Southern Wright. • Welman, C and Kruger, F and Mitchel, B. 2011. Research Methodology. Cape Town; Oxford University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd • Zikmund, W. G. 2000. Business Research Methods. 6th ed. Fort Worth. Harcourt College Publishers. • Saunders, M. and Lewis, P. Thornhill, A. 2003. Research Methods for Business Students. 3rd ed. Harlow. Pearson Education Ltd. • Cozby, P. C. 2001. Measurement concepts: Methods in behavioural research. 7th ed. California; Mayfield Publishing Company. • Gravetter, C. J. and Forzano, L. B. 2001. Research methods for the behavioura; sciences. 3rd ed. Wadsworth; Cengage learning.
In response to the question set, I will go into detail of the study, consisting of the background, main hypotheses, as well the aims, procedure and results gathered from the study; explaining the four research methods chosen to investigate, furthering into the three methods actually tested.
Qualitative research aims to gather information from data collection methods and transform it into written words. Such as transcribing recorded interviews, taking field notes from observations, using words to outline images (Denscombe, 1998, p. 174). On the other hand, quantitative research aims to gather information from data collection methods and transform it into numbers. Such as analysing conducted surveys and pulling numbers to transform it into statistics, tables and graphs (Denscombe, 1998, p.174-177).
Three major types of methods used for this study are “Longitudinal Research Method”, “Cross- sectional Research Method” and “Cross Sequential Method” (A cohort form of Longitudinal and cross-sectional method). “Case Study Method” and “Survey Method” also have been used (Baltes, 1968).
Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2008). Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
According to Smith (1983) quantitative research is to explain, predict and develop laws that can be universally applied and Qualitative research is the interpretation and understanding of what people give to their situation. The researchers clearly stated the purpose of their studies, aim, objectiv...
Watson, J. B. (1994). Psychology as the behaviourist views it. The Centennial Issue of the Psychological Review, Vol 101((2)), 248-253. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.101.2.248
The term methodology refers to the way in which we approach problems and try to find answers and in social science, it applies to how research is conducted, our assumptions, interest and purposes shape which methodology we choose (Steven, 2016:3).Qualitative research is understanding people from their own perspectives, their viewpoint and experiencing reality as they experience it. Qualitative research has many approaches or methods of collecting data and one of them is an interview which I have chosen to explain further based on it as a method of collecting data. The interview is the most common method of data gathering used in qualitative research and it is used in deferent ways by every main theoretical and methodological approach.
Carlson, N.R. and Heth, C.D. (2009). Psychology the Science of Behavior. Toronto Pearson Education Canada.
Now within the rest of this paper you will be finding a few different things getting discussed. Staring it off we will be discussing the articles that we have found to make our arguments and hypotheses. After wrapping up the literature reviews we will be discussing the hypotheses thus continuing onto our variables and indicators. Once we discuss our hypotheses we will be moving onto the research design. The research design will have our general issues, sampling, and methods.
Quantitative research uses a deductive reasoning also known as top to bottom or (top down approach) starting with a theory, then the hypothesis, followed by observation and finally confirmation , going from the general to the more specific. Quantitative methods use numbers and statistics to show the results of the research exercise and mainly are concerned with mathematics and statistics. In quantitative research there are levels of measurement being firstly nominal which are names of things followed by ordinal sequence of things, interval where the sequence has equal distance between each item, and ratio where there is a true zero (Alston & Bowles, 2003, p. 7-9).
There are many applications of research methodology. The research methodology gives the complete description of a particular theme selected by the researcher. It includes many techniques based on the behavioral events and actions. It includes primary sources and secondary sources of data to provide the correctness of information. The techniques include
Stejskal, S.M. (2010) Quatiative and Qualitative Research Methods are not and should not be Mutually Exclusive, Grinn Verlag.
Qualitative and Quantitative study designs both can be beneficial in research design. They both provide valuable options for researchers in the field. These techniques can either be used separately in a research study or they can be combined to achieve maximum information. This paper will define the terms qualitative and quantitative; describe the similarities and differences between each; discuss how qualitative and/or quantitative research designs or techniques could be used in the evaluation of my proposed research; and discuss why linking analysis to study design is important.
Traditional research may use quantitative or qualitative research method. According to Hendricks (2009), quantitative research is a general conclusion based on hard data. Hen-dricks describe quantitativ...
Research which is also known as the search for knowledge is an art of scientific search for specific information. According to Clifford Woody, the research includes defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis and suggested solutions, collecting, organising and evaluating data, making deductions and reaching conclusion and further testing whether the conclusion will fit into formulating hypothesis. Research Methodology is a scientific and systematic way of finding solution to a problem. In this research, researcher has studied various steps for research like problem along with the logic behind them. For this study, researcher must know various research techniques like mean, mode,