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Scarlet letter by nathaniel hawthorne characterization
Scarlet letter by nathaniel hawthorne characterization
Commentary on scarlet letters by Nathaniel HAWthorne
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Saying that someone is suffering is a very subjective statement. To decide if someone is suffering there must be evidence showing the person is physically and/or mentally tormented by something. In the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, the three main characters, Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth, and Arthur Dimmesdale all suffer in their own way. Hawthorne makes Hester suffer the public punishment and humiliation that followed after her pregnancy with an illegitimate child was revealed. Chillingworth suffers because he gives himself over to the devil and must feed off of the suffering of another but will die without it. Dimmesdale suffers from the guilt of never admitting that he is Pearl’s father. Although all of the main characters in the novel suffer, Arthur Dimmesdale is the one who endures the most suffering. At the beginning of the novel Hester is on the scaffold where she is being publicly condemned for her sin. All of the townspeople have gathered around and the clergymen are on a balcony near the scaffold. The townspeople and the reverend continuously demand to know the name of the father of the baby. Dimmesdale is pushed by the other clergymen to convince Hester to give up the father’s identity. Hester remains strong and …show more content…
Dimmesdale holds in his guilt from not confessing him being the baby’s father. For seven years he endures suffering mentally as his guilt begins to break down his mind. He also suffers physically as he becomes sick from guilt and whipping and starving himself as a way to repent. When Dimmesdale is about to die he finally publicly confesses to the sin and is able to be Pearl’s father and then dies and doesn’t suffer anymore. Dimmesdale is the character who suffers the most because for seven years he both mentally and physically breaks down from guilt until his death after his acknowledgment of the
In the first scaffold scene Hester Prynne is depicted standing alone while clutching her baby. She has been sentenced to the scaffold for three hours to face public condemnation. In the Puritan society, where this novel is set, public shame is a source of entertainment. On this occasion the townspeople are present to watch the judgment of Hester. As the townspeople are ridiculing her, the narrator is praising Hester for her untamed but lady like beauty (60-61). The narrator goes so far as to compare her to “Divine Maternity” or Mother Mary, the ideal woman, the woman that is looked highly upon by the whole Puritan society (63). However, the conditions are set up to show the change in Hester due to isolation and discredit of the Puritan society. Throughout this scene the Puritans are condemning Hester for her sin as the narrator is condemning the Puritans for their severity.
Instead of humbling himself in front of everyone in the beginning, he chooses his pride and his position of power over God’s merciful grace. In conclusion, with these arguments, it is indisputable that Dimmesdale experiences more guilt than any other character. He attempts every possible way to circumvent the inevitable.
Hester and Dimmesdale’s affair goes undiscovered until Hester is pregnant and bears a child without having her husband present. As her punishment, Hester is forced to stand on the scaffold in the middle of the market place, with an A on her chest. Dimmesdale has not told a single person that he is the adulterer. He sits in the balcony with the Governor, a judge, a general, and the rest of the ministers, watching the display, without any expression or emotion. Hester and Pearl go to the Governor’s home to deliver a pair of gloves, but more importantly to inquire about the possibility of the government taking away her child. Also there with Governor Bellingham are Pastor Wilson, Reverend Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth. After Mr. Wilson asks Pearl a few questions, the Governor decides that Hester is unfit as a mother and that the child would be better off in the hands of the church. Hester begs Dimmesdale, whom she says knows everything about her and has charge of her soul, to speak for her. Therefore, he does, convincing the Governor to let Hester keep Pearl. This is Dimmesdale’s first step to becoming the moral blossom. Late at night, a few years after the previous incident, Dimmesdale takes a walk through the town. He climbs onto the scaffold and pretends to confess; though there is no one out at this time at night. Hester and Pearl, on their way home, pass Dimmesdale on the scaffold. Dimmesdale calls out to them and they join him, standing hand in hand in the darkness. Dimmesdale has begun the road to confession by acknowledging Hester and Pearl and by acting out confession. Now he feels guiltier than ever.
When being questioned on the identity of her child’s father, Hester unflinchingly refuses to give him up, shouting “I will not speak!…my child must seek a heavenly Father; she shall never know an earthly one!” (47). Hester takes on the full brunt of adultery, allowing Dimmesdale to continue on with his life and frees him from the public ridicule the magistrates force upon her. She then stands on the scaffold for three hours, subject to the townspeople’s disdain and condescending remarks. However, Hester bears it all “with glazed eyed, and an air of weary indifference.” (48). Hester does not break down and cry, or wail, or beg for forgiveness, or confess who she sinned with; she stands defiantly strong in the face of the harsh Puritan law and answers to her crime. After, when Hester must put the pieces of her life back together, she continues to show her iron backbone and sheer determination by using her marvelous talent with needle work “to supply food for her thriving infant and herself.” (56). Some of her clients relish in making snide remarks and lewd commends towards Hester while she works, yet Hester never gives them the satisfaction of her reaction.
Hester gives birth to a daughter after an adulterous affair with the local pastor, Dimmesdale, and bears the shame for life. Hester struggles to create a new life for her and her daughter while still being an outcast in the community. When Hester is asked repeatedly who the father of the child is, she does not answer, prolonging the secret. “I charge thee to speak out the name of thy fellow-sinner and fellow-sufferer! Be not silent from any mistaken pity and tenderness for him; for, believe me, Hester, though he were to step down from a high place, and stand there beside thee, on thy pedestal of shame, yet better were it so than to hide a guilty heart through life. What can thy silence do for him, except it tempt him—yea, compel him, as it were—to add hypocrisy to sin?” (Hawthorne 62). Dimmesdale oddly enough encourages Hester to reveal the identity of her fellow sinner, fully knowing that he was that man. At this point, Hester continues to withhold the identity, even at Dimmesdale’s request. The perpetuation of the lie enabled Dimmesdale’s hypocrisy and deception to his
Like all humans, Dimmesdale had to pay the consequences of his evil deeds, but he would later learn from his mistakes and change from fragile to powerful, and his strength would renovate him almost into a new person. Dimmesdale may have died soon but at least he was at ease with himself that he had not died as a coward but had been honest to God, himself, his family, and the townspeople.
guilty of adultery. Hester's punishment is to wear the scarlet letter “A” to inform the entire town that this woman is a sinner. Throughout the novel, the reader comes to know Hester, the sinner, Reverend Dimmesdale, the minister that Hester had an affair with; and Chillingworth, Hester’s estranged husband whose vengeful mission is to get back at Dimmesdale. The
Throughout the novel, Hester keeps the secrets to protect herself, her daughter Pearl and her lover Dimmesdale. Hester keeps secret from the Puritan society that Dimmesdale is the father of Pearl in order to protect Dimmesdale's position in the church. When the town asks Hester to admit who the father is she states, ""I will not speak!" answered Hester, “And my child must seek a heavenly father; she shall never know an earthly one!”" (78). Hester was willing not to share even though Dimmesdale wanted her to confess and it would allow Dimmesdale help parent Pearl. This demonstrates the good character of Hester, despite how it ridiculed her that her lover had high power in the community when he was just as much to blame. Also, Hester never shares the true identity of the mysterious doctor Chillingworth to society in fear of hurting her lover. As Chillingworth starts getting closer to Dimmesdale and affecting his h...
In summary, I believe that Arthur Dimmesdale suffers the most out of the three main characters of The Scarlet Letter. He brings a great deal of the suffering upon himself by keeping his feelings locked inside of himself, fasting, studying unceasingly, and holding frequent night- long vigils. Also, the public has something to do with much of his distress, as well. They praise and worship him like a God among them, but this just reminds him that he is everything but holy. Furthermore, a large contributing factor to his misery is his constant and unwelcome companion, Roger Chillingworth. Chillingworth follows him, suffocates him and torments him by trying to get the minister to reveal all of his deep- hidden secrets.
Dimmesdale’s actions in this story where not courageous, but strong. For roughly seven years, this man had to live with extreme guilt. Dimmesdale had many reasons to feel guilty. First of all he let Hester be labeled an adulteress, while he just looked on. Lastly, Dimmesdale felt guilty because he had not raised Pearl as his own. Dimmesdale showed this by being exceptionally affectionate the few times that he was around Pearl. An example of Dimmesdale showing affection towards Pearl is while in the forest, Dimmesdale softly kisses Pearl on the brow. Another action of Dimmesdale’s that proves that he is strong but not courageous, is that Dimmesdale shows extreme self-restraint. Dimmesdale had to converse with Hester in public.
Dimmesdale was miserable because he had to live with this guilt of feeling awful for letting Hester take all of the blame for seven years. He was jealous that she had the strength to cope with her sin responsibly and was able to withstand it. Hester had the power to not let that one circumstance control her entire life as it did Dimmesdale, and that alone killed him. Hester also had something in life to keep her going and be her motivation, as stated earlier, and that was Pearl. Again, Dimmesdale had nothing to fight for in his life, all he had was his guilt. At one point Dimmesdale actually blamed Hester for his suffering, “And the shame! --The indelicacy! --The horrible ugliness of this exposure of a sick and guilty heart to the very eye that would gloat over it! Woman, woman, thou art accountable for this! I cannot forgive the!” (193). The guilt of Dimmesdale not being accountable for his sin transformed him into a weak, ill-minded person and that is shown through the transformation of him physically and mentally throughout the
...d in acts to try and please God or whom ever they wish to gain forgiveness from. Most people naturally tie depression to death; people in this stage will experience sadness, regret, and fear of what is to come. The final stage is acceptance, this stage is very straightforward, it is in this stage that the individual realizes their fate and are okay with it and what they have done. (Elisabeth Kübler-Ross -Five Stages of Grief, Business Balls). Dimmesdale is a very, very troubled man to say the least. Throughout The Scarlet Letter Dimmesdale is shown going through the five stages of grief, he lets his sin rule and control his life and lets it ultimately lead to his demise.
The beginning of the novel jumps right into the first scaffold scene. At this scene the reader sees Hester holding baby Pearl. Hester is beautiful, has long brown hair, and a scarlet letter A on her bosom. Above the scaffold on a balcony is the Governor, the Reverend, and the priest Dimmesdale.
As Pearl represents the id, Dimmesdale represents the superego. This is so because he, even when given the chance to tell the truth, continues to lie about his sin, afraid of what society might think. As a result, he punishes himself mentally and physically. His fears and punishments fit the superego because the superego is the subconscious that reflects all the behaviors and punishments influenced by society. It is evident that Dimmesdale continues to lie about his sin because he fears society’s reactions. This is seen clearly in the beginning of the book. When Dimmesdale is standing on the scaffold with Hester, who is being questioned about who the father of the baby is, he has every opportunity at this moment to confess. He chooses not to.
Suffering comes in many forms. For some it’s ignominy as a result of a sin, writing a paper at three in the morning, or growing up as an outcast of society; for others, it’s having a scarlet letter burned into their chest. Considering physical, spiritual, and mental struggles throughout the book, Arthur Dimmesdale suffered the most out of all of the characters in Hawthorne’s, The Scarlet Letter. The infamous scarlet letter that is burned into his chest, was but one source of his physical suffering. He not only hurt himself externally by means of self-flagellation, but he was also internally at war with himself and his hypocrisy. Furthermore, he is faced with a dilemma between wanting to be with Hester and maintain his status in the Puritan society as a clergyman, but trying to do both proves to be detrimental to his health.