Foëx, P., et al; (2004). Hypertension: pathophysiology and treatment. Arterial hypertension is an important reason of morbidity and mortality because of its connection with coronary heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease and renal disease. The degree of target organ involvement (i.e. heart, kidneys and brain) determines results. Studies in North America have shown that hypertension is a major reason of 500000 strokes (250 000 deaths) and 1000 000 myocardial imperfections (500000 deaths) per year. Continuous National survey reveals that hypertension is often not detected and, when diagnosed, is often improperly treated. Among hypertensive patients, only 25% cases are well handled. This is true for isolated systolic hypertension. Yet the occurrence …show more content…
There is prominence on the risk associated with systolic hypertension as the level of systolic pressure is a good indicator of coronary and cerebrovascular risk, especially in the elder people. Treatment of systolic hypertension is effective in terms of control of blood pressure and reduced morbidity, especially in older patients with high risk profile. Over the past years, the treatment of hypertension has changed with the recognition that there is no limit below which increased blood pressure, causes no threat to health. Recent suggestions, alongwith the British Hypertension Society, clarify that cure for isolated systolic hypertension is as important as that of systolic and diastolic hypertension. The level above which hypertension should be treated to prevent long-term complications is 140/90 mm Hg. Indeed, in Stage 1 hypertension, treatment of isolated systolic hypertension (systolic 140– 159 mm Hg, diastolic <90 mm Hg), reduces the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, an indicator of future morbidity and
Blood pressure is measured by two pressures; the systolic and diastolic. The systolic pressure, the top number, is the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts. The diastolic pressure, the bottom number, measures the pressure between heartbeats. A normal blood pressure is when the systolic pressure is less than 120mmHg and Diastolic pressure is less than 80mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when the systolic pressure is greater than 140mmHg and the diastolic pressure is greater than 90mmHg. The physician may also ask about medical history, family history, life style habits, and medication use that could also contribute to hypertension
Remembering that prevention is the best cure, we are going to discuss what is high blood pressure, how to easily measure it, and how to effectively prevent it. (Thesis)
High blood pressure is called the “silent killer” because it often has no warning signs or symptoms, and many people don’t know they have it. For most patients, high blood pressure is found when they visit their health care provider or have it checked elsewhere. Because there are no symptoms, people can develop heart disease and kidney problems without knowing they have high blood pressure. Some people may experience: bad headache, mild dizziness, and blurry vision. Traditionally, diagnosis of high blood pressure (BP) has relied on consecutive checks of clinic BP over a 2 to 3 month period, with hypertension confirmed if BP remains persistently raised over 140/90 mmHg. This method of diagnosis has significant limitations because the BP measured for an individual patient in a clinic setting may not reflect their BP in day-to-day life. The main concern is that as a result of the “white coat syndrome”, hypertension may be over-diagnosed when checked in the clinic setting; resulting ...
Systolic blood pressure is 120/80 the diastolic blood pressure within normal range. Any blood pressure above 139/89 is pre-hypertension. Stage one hypertension is between 140-159 or 90-99, Stage two 160-179 or 100-109 diastolic and Stage three 180 above diastolic110. (Lewis, S.M, Heitkemper M.M &Dirksen, S.R 2004) pg 779.
Hypertension is a developing problem worldwide，associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In 2020, the world population will be approximately 7.8 billion people, and there will be 1 billon people who may be affected by hypertension (Tomson & Lip, 2005). One in three adults in the United States has high blood pressure. According to the report “Health, United States, 2010 with Special Feature on Death and Dying,” the prevalence of hypertension among adults 20 years old or older increased from 24% to 32% during 1988-1994 and 2005-2008. The African-American population has a higher prevalence of this health condition than white Americans do. In 2005 to 2008, the prevalence of hypertension among black males (41.4%) was more than 10%, compared to white males at 31.5% of the population. The hypertension rate of black females was more than twice that of white females. The death rate from hypertension among black males was 51.8 per 100,000, and among black females was 40.4 per 100,000; however, the morta...
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 19(6), 1373-1380. (7)
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The leaflet “Blood pressure” by British Heart foundation, issued September 2001 7. The website http://www.lifeclinic.com/focus/blood/articleView.asp?MessageID=579 8. The website http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/16/sosteacher/biology/32764.shtml 9. The website http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc14.html
WILLIAMS, P and POULTER NR et al (2004) Guidelines for management of hypertension: report of the fourth working party of the British Hypertension Society. British Hypertension Society, pp. 139-85
Treatment for the client presenting to the APN diagnosed with hypertension, the first efforts should be focused on education. The patient should be informed of what current JNC 8 guidelines for the diagnosis of hypertension are. This will help the patient identify that he or she in fact has a problem and his blood pressure is abnormal. Further education should also include anticipated progression of the disease and complications from prolonged hypertension to help the patient understand the effects hypertension have on the body and risk of development of end-organ damage. Since hypertension is a silent disease, often void of symptoms, the patient must understand fully the implications of the disease and necessity to control the blood pressure.
Introduction : The heart provides the body with all the nutrients it needs to preform its daily functions. Through systolic and diastolic pressures, the heart pumps blood to the the lungs in order to pick up oxygen and then to parts of the body. Pressure is created when the heart ejects blood from its chambers. That pressure is called the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and it is dependent on two variables: cardio output (CO) and total pressure resistance (TPR).
According to Foex and Sear (2004), hypertension refers to the sustainable elevation of blood pressure in systemic arteries which will often lead to increased morbidity and mortality in the long-term. A patient with hypertension is said to have a systolic blood pressure that is above 140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg (Stedman, 2005). According to the statistics obtained by Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2012), about 31% of the total 67 million adults in America have hypertension. This astounding figure indicates that hypertension has become one of the most prevalent health problems in the current society. There is a myriad of possible factors that can contribute to hypertension, such as the cardiovascular system, reninangiotensin-aldosterone system and sympathetic nervous system (Foex & Sear, 2004). This research paper aims to study the dysfunction of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in pathophysiology of hypertension and the effects of an antihypertensive drug, losartan on the angiotensin II type 1 receptors in response to the disease.
...ien, E. (2001). ABC of hypertension - The pathophysiology of hypertension. British Medical Journal, 322(7291), 912-916. doi: 10.1136/bmj.322.7291.912
Dealing with types of pressure is very important and if you don't deal with it immediately then it could get worse. If you can't help yourself and if it is too difficult then you get help immediately or try to fix it by asking for an extension if you have a good reason. It can affect you in many different ways, such as suicidal thoughts, Temper control issues, loss of memory and high blood pressure. High blood pressure (hypertension) can slowly damage your body for years before symptoms develop. Left uncontrolled, you may wind up with a disability, a poor quality of life or even a fatal heart attack. Roughly half the people with untreated hypertension die of heart disease related to poor blood flow (ischemic heart disease) and other third die
Hypertension is a very common symptom that many people face as they age. Hypertension is the anther name for high blood pressure. High blood pressure is a common condition in which the force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually caus...