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Art of ancient egypt 2 quizlet
Art History 1A chapter 3 Egypt
How art is linked with religion in early Egyptian civilization
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For quite some time now I have taken a great interest in Ancient Egyptian artwork and the history behind it. The Ancient Egyptian were once a powerful civilization, they left behind thousands of ancient enriched artifacts. Religion played a significant role in Ancient Egyptian artwork and had a huge influence on their civilization. The vast majority of Ancient Egypt artwork illustrates images of gods, goddesses, and rulers known as pharaohs. The Ancient Egyptians paid close attention to balance, proportions and rich details. If a person were to closely look at Egyptian art it would be clear to see that they used vibrant shapes with simple figures and smooth spaces of color assisting in creating a sense of direction and poise in …show more content…
In fact, Egyptian art was practically invented for a spiritual meaning. Egyptian art is not only jam-packed with secret codes conferring mythology, it also explains the Egyptian understanding of their domain. In examining several images of artwork, one could not help but notice that the feet of the Gods always point left, and the eyes seem as if they are forward-facing. Women nurse or hold children with the left arm, or carry burdens on the left side (Adlred, 1985, 18). Whereas when examining statutes, they portray a firm sculpture like quality to the portraits. The statues and paintings are done with a romanticized person in mind, meaning they portray a prefect …show more content…
This is typically taken as the Pharaoh crushing his opponents. On the inside of the temple there is an attention shift to an emphasis on the gods, each temple focuses on a different pharaoh or god that had a significant meaning for that city. In many Egyptian statues the artist tried to make the pharaohs god like. Artists tended to exaggerate features of the Pharaoh “the long narrow face with hollow eyes, prominent jutting nose, large sensuous lips, high cheekbones, projecting lower jaw and strikingly narrow chin, long neck conspicuous breast, almost swollen stomach, feminine buttocks, heavy thighs and thin, spindly calves”(Malek, 1999, p. 271). The reason for this was to show that the intended being was perfect and there was no other like him or
The Egyptian culture was a culture that lasted about 3,000 years and was located near the Nile River. The Nile River provided most of the resources for the Egyptians; therefore, a lot of the artwork was based on representing these bountiful resources. Another major influence of the artwork that was created was the kings and gods that were held at such high standards (Stokstad and Cothren, 50). There is one king in particular that was known in history for his great accomplishments, this king was King Narmer. The Egyptian’s expressed their respect for this king through a palette known as The Palette of Narmer. This piece is one of the firsts of Egyptian times that sets the morals for Egyptian artwork; it was created in the Early Dynastic time period. The Palette of Narmer tells a vast political story of the history of Egypt and the king, King Narmer.
Egypt is a city bound to its history and tradition. Portraiture in Egypt was the inspiration for many cultures and stood as heavy influence for the catalyst of portraiture development around the world. Portraiture in ancient Egypt was constant and predictable until the late eighteenth century when Amarna style portraiture was introduced. The Amarna style stands out in Egyptian history for its severe contrast and break in tradition. The rendering of the body changes completely and deviates from what is expected of Egyptian art. This falls into the same time when Amenhotep IV was introducing other changes into Egyptian culture as well. As Amarna style progresses it is accompanied by the institution of Egyptian henotheism. Over two thousand deities were to be abandoned during Amenhotep IV’s eighteen year reign. His name would become Akhenaten and the Amarna style would be grouped into a class of ancient art surrounding Akhenaten, his family, and the sole god Aten.
Along with changes in religion, art and architecture greatly transformed as can be seen in buildings and reliefs at el-Amarna. Just like Akhenaten in the aforementioned relief, the king and his family were depicted in an exaggerated style, much different than the idealized style of past Egyptian art. The human body was drawn with emphasis on the curves of the hips and stomach, but also presented individual features that made it easy to discern who was pictured. Along with differences in style, the content of art changed, with the royal family being seen in increased intimacy.
Egyptian art is infamous across the world - classified by the monumental pyramids, and the Sphinx. Although these are both valid forms of Egyptian art, they do not make up the entire artistic history of the country. On the contrary, perhaps the most replicated example of classic Egyptian art, from the Old Kingdom, can be found in their rendering of the human form. An interest in portraiture developed early in Egypt. (Gardner, 75) Whether painted on pottery, or cut into rock, the figures all had notably Egyptian characteristics. "The seated statue is one of only a very small number of basic formulaic types employed by the sculptors of the Old Kingdom." (Gardner, 75)
All in all, the artworks of Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Aegean cultures, and Ancient Greece have similarities that not only reflect objects and images, but also the media, style and representation, these cultures are vastly exclusive works ranging from triangular depictions of form, to breezy depictions of nature, to sturdy architectural innovations for their citadels. Because of the existence of these major cultures of art in our world, it has made what art is today. These four unbelievable time periods have learned from each other and improved the way they accomplish their art techniques. These amazing cultures set a foundation that we were able to build on for thousands of years now with much more to come.
Art in Egypt was used for religious rituals mainly. Similar to this was the art in the form of architecture, which was mainly for churches, during the eleventh and twelfth centuries
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ‘Egyptian Art’, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Art. New Series, Vol. 41, No. 3, Egyptian Art (Winter, 1983-1984): pp. 1+3-56
In Ancient Egypt, women are typically shown as youthful and beautiful while more mature, older women are very rarely depicted. For men of the time, ageing is shown in art more frequently because it was a positive aspect of manhood. For ancient Egyptians, art wasn’t just made for pleasure or beauty; it was a very practical and necessary part of the day-to-day lives of the Egyptians. In art, Egyptian belief was that people needed to be depicted at their peak of energy and beauty in order to remain that way forever when they cross over into the afterlife. In most ancient Egyptian art, male ageing is represented more frequently than women since it was considered a positive image for men. Egyptian art seldom depicted older women or women growing older: "neither pregnancy nor the spreading waistline that many women must have had after years of bearing children is part of the image." However, there are examples that feature elements of ageing that are linked to elite and non-elite women alike. These demonstrations of older women are possibly an attempt to outwardly show on women the authority and honor in the same way the image of male ageing is represented. Though it is rarely depicted, we can use art to trace the portrayal of older women and women growing older in Egypt, from the Third Dynasty down to the end of the New Kingdom.
Something I noticed after viewing several pieces of ancient Egyptian art is that a great deal of it is religious. It only takes a basic knowledge and understanding of the ancient Egyptians’ religion to know that they have numerous gods and goddesses. They are not exclusive in this way, as there are many other cultures and faiths which have multiple deities. However, the manner in which they portray their many gods through their art is very distinguishable and well-known. This could also be because of the style they use. The use of animals is one of the features that make a...
to 2650 B.C., changed his name to the more commonly known Zoser. It was Zoser
The Egyptian Canon of Proportions consisted of carefully planed square grid systems. The works that followed the Canon were executed by first laying out a grid with inked lines, and than painting or sculpting the figures. By using the grid, the artists made each human figure eighteen squares tall. The knees were six squares above the ground-line. And the shoulders were aligned with the sixteenth square and were six squares wide. The Stele of Userwer (fig. 1) is a great example of the Canon, because it shows the underlying grid and the beginning phases of sculpting. This technique shows that the Egyptians utilized proportions and mathematics
The sculptures and paintings produced during the Fourth Egyptian Dynasty set the standard of Egyptian art until the end of the dynastic periods. Egypt was a culture steeped in religion and bound by the ideas of order and balance; and so was their artwork. Because most pieces produced were depictions of reigning pharaoh’s divine relationship with the Egyptian gods and his role as king of Egypt (Hawass), the Fourth Egyptian Dynasty gave life to specific cannon in Egyptian art called the “law of frontality (Egyptian Art).” All gods, pharaohs and noblemen would be depicted based on this standard. These standards left little room for artistic innovation until the reign of Akhenaten at the end of the Eighteenth Dynasty. The pharaoh Akhenaten abandoned the artistic style and religion of the Old Kingdom and created his own called the Armarna Style. Both periods produced beautiful architecture and artwork but the artist of Akhenaten’s reign were given more creative liberties and produced more life-like pieces.
Fredrick R. Bernard once said “A picture is worth a thousand words”, which makes art a universal language that connects ideologies’ to an image, a sculpture, and architectural structures. This is one reason many churches, cathedrals, and other places of worship are adorned with many works of art that display discreet messages. The work of art being analyzed in this paper is one example of religious artwork. The Transfiguration (c.550-565), located in a monastery in Egypt uses design principles and elements to incorporate their ideologies’ well. Line, color, harmony, and unity are four features that will aid in analyzing the Transfiguration.
The most influential theme in art for centuries was that of religion. There have been many things that have influenced art over the generations. Nothing has had the impact on the art world that religions has. Many of the ancient art works were dedicated to the gods or other religious figures. The statues of the Ancient Egyptians were not just for beauty. Instead, they were representations of the gods and were meant to have significant meaning to the people who saw them. The people of the time knew the meaning of every reed, flower, bird, or animal that was depicted in the art. The same is true of the Greeks and Romans. Most of the art was inspired by the gods and the mythology of the region. Art as a way of imparting a message dominates the art world. For most of history, art had a meaning that was often connected to the religion of the region. This is fitting since art has a sense of permanence that most other mediums do not possess.
This occurred in both complexity and achievement marking great advancements in both architecture as well as cultural organization. This time was one of the most dynamic periods in the development of Egyptian art. During this period artists learned to express their culture and worldview. They created for the first time images and forms that endured for generations. Architects and masons started to master the techniques necessary to build monumental structures in stone.