The experiment that was managed connected with the relation of growth between newborns and adults different body parts The goal was to tell whether those different body parts grow isometrically and allometrically. We tested body parts to compare the size ratio between an adult and an newborn.The body parts were measured with a ruler. The samples showed than the average adult height to arm span ratio in the class is 0.95 and the average adult height to hand ratio is 9; While the average newborn height to arm span ratio is 0.9 and the average newborn hand ratio is 8. The results were recorded and compared to newborns. It was found that the body parts grow allometrically. The average adult height to arm span ratio grew at 0.5 while the average adult height ratio grew at 1.0 compared to a newborn. Hence it could be said that the human body grows allometrically. INTRODUCTION In the lab, the experiment that was conducted involved the comparison between the average human height to arm span/hand ratio and the average newborn …show more content…
height to arm span/hand ratio to see if body parts grow isometric or allometric. The shape of an organism largely depends on the relative growth rates of different body parts during development. Isometric growth is when two body parts grow at roughly the same rate. Allometric growth is when body parts do not grow at the same rate. Meaning the body proportions will be off. To know if a body part is isometric or allometric it is best to measure a body part then divide the body part by the height the find the ratio. The dependent variable of the experiment is the measurement of the body parts, the independent variable is the arm span/height and hand/height of newborn and average adult, the control is someone who is above average, the controlled variable is the body parts measured, replication is all the students who were in the lab during the experiment, and the levels of treatment is the adults and infants. The hypotheses used are the wingspan may be significantly larger than the newborn and The hand length growth is allometric. Predictions are if an adult wingspan is bigger than a baby. It will be about four times bigger. Also, if the hand of an adult is bigger than a newborn then there will be a huge difference in growth rate(Allometric). METHODS. In the experiment, the materials used were a yard stick, metric ruler, hand, and an arm.
The wing span/height and hand/height were compared to each other in centimeters. In order to measure the ratios of height to selected body parts in newborns and adults. A metric ruler is used to measure the span of an student by measuring between fingertips of middle finger with arms outstretched and to measure the hand from the wrist to tip of middle finger. The yardstick is to measure the height of an student. Once those factors are solved the arm span and hand are both divided by the height of the student. The height/body part ratio is found ; it is then compared to the average newborn measurements. The results are written down and compared whether to see if newborn body parts growth rate is isometric or allometric. The replication is the classmates collecting data from different body parts. The level of treatment is adults and newborns in this
experiment. RESULTS. Figure 1 Subject Height (cm) Wing Span Size (cm) H/BP Ratio Team member 1 159 158 1.0 Team member 2 166 165 1.0 Team member 3 178 190 0.94 Team member 4 172 185 0.93 Newborns 48 51 0.9 Average ratio for class 0.947=0.95 Figure 2 Subject Height (cm) Hand Size (cm) H/BP Ratio Team member 1 159 18.5 8.6 Team member 2 166 19.5 8.5 Team member 3 178 20.2 8.8 Team member 4 172 20.5 8.4 Newborns 48 6 8 Average ratio for class 8.95=9.0 Figure 3 DISCUSSION The hypotheses were that the wingspan may be significantly larger than the newborn and The hand length growth is allometric . The end result was the hand length growth is the hypothesis is supported and is allometric. The wing span hypothesis however was unsupported and was actually isometric. The expected result was that the hand length was going to have an allometric growing rate but what was unexpected is the wingspan had an isometric growing rate. Also another surprising is the data recorded is the class ratios is almost similar to the newborns. REFERENCES "Isometric vs. Allometric Growth." Prezi.com. Web. 27 Jan. 2016. "Scientific Investigation." Prezi.com. Web. 27 Jan. 2016 Lab Report
Prior to intubation for a surgical procedure, the anesthesiologist administered a single dose of the neuromuscular blocking agent, succinylcholine, to a 23-year-old female to provide muscular relaxation during surgery and to facilitate the insertion of the endotracheal tube. Following this, the inhalation anesthetic was administered and the surgical procedure completed.
Over a three week period a test subject was instructed to come to the exercise physiology lab once a week. The purpose of the first week was to determine the baseline test data for the participant. During this first week, the subject was asked how many hours of sleep they had gotten the night before and how much they weighed. The subject was then instructed to put on a heart monitor and wear an O2 apparatus and begin running on a treadmill. This treadmill was set at zero incline for the beginning of the run until three minutes had passed. At the three minute mark the incline increased by 2.5%. After this the incline was continuously increased by 2.5% every two minutes. During this process, the VO2 and RER exchange rate of the subject was being tracked through the O2 apparatus. Their heart rate was recorded every 15 seconds. In addition, the subject was asked their perceived exertion at every increase in incline. The subject continued to run until they could not run anymore, at this time they would hop off the treadmill.
Text Box: Table 2. Humerus length and height of female student in the classText Box: Table 1. Humerus length and height of male student in the class
Contrast the differences between force and torque. Use each term to describe a particular aspect of a muscle’s contraction relative to a joint. (6 pts)
The perceived goal of children, or their parents, in Bailey’s article is to be of normal height at adulthood; but what is normal? The average height for American men is 5’9” and for women it is 5’4” (Bailey). According to Robert W. Steele, M.D., “alterations [in growth] may be in the form of a growth slow down, accelerated growth, or disproportionate grow...
Kinesiology can be defined as the study of mechanics of body movements, so I think that is very important to know the meaning of movement when studying kinesiology. Everything in kinesiology has to do with the movement. Every action the body takes is a movement which is what kinesiology is. You cannot be successful in the field of kinesiology no matter what you are doing if you do not understand what movement is. It is the study of human movement, performance, and function by applying the sciences of biomechanics, anatomy, physiology, and neuroscience. It looks at movement and which muscles are involved to create movement relating to strength exercising and sports technique. Movement is an act of changing physical location or position or of
Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
Trotter, M., Gleser G.C. 1958. A Re-Evaluation of Estimation of Stature Based on Measurements of Stature Taken During Life and of Long Bones After Death. American Journal of Anthropology 16 (1): 79-123.
The procedure, known as the ‘Strange Situation’, was conducted by observing the behavior of the infant in a series of eight episodes lasting approximately 3 minutes each:
A simple formula may be used which gives a correlation to the 95th percentile of BP for the 50th percentile for height up to 16 years of age.[7]
Birth of a baby is the start of a new era of a generation. As the new born infants are the internodes of the future, In order to have a health and strength population they should be given the proper health status from the beginning of their life. From the birth an infant can cause lot of health risks such as birth defects, severe organ damages or functional problems and even the death. All most all the above health risks are occurred due to the nutritional problems as well as the physical damages. With the reference of most out coming results in the world, as LBW contributes to 60% to 80% of all neonatal deaths, the Low birth weight (LBW) has become a common problem that occurs at the first step of infants’ life and moreover it has become a severe problem as the health risks due to the Low birth weight can be even seen at the adulthood of a person who are born with low birth weight.
A newborn child’s physical and motor development is an evident progression throughout their first years and later in life. A child’s motor development is more of a slower progress, from going to gross motor skills to more fine motor skills in a few months while physical development is an apparent process. The environment affects children in their physical and motor growth, as they learn and adapt to new stimuli everyday as they develop. Separately, these developments start at different times, but function hand in hand as a child grows. Physical development is apparent at conception, early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence; while motor development
The first type of development that can be observed is physical development. Physical development refers to a child's gross and fine motor skills. Gross motor skills are the use of large groups of muscles that can develop naturally through outdoor and indoor play. During play, a child may use their gross motor skills by standing, jumping, climbing, running or riding a bike. "If children are encouraged to be physically active, these skills can develop into advanced patterns of motor coordination that can last a lifetime" (brightfutures.org). Fine motor skills are the use of the muscles in the hands. These muscles can develop by using fingers to cut with scissors, write, paint and many other activities. Underdeveloped muscles, weight gain, and high blood pressure are all signs o...