Throughout all of history the issue of lies has always been a setback in the progress of society, and many people have come along with inventions that attempt to uncover the truth. The polygraph, according to Merriam Webster, is “an instrument for recording variations of several different pulsations simultaneously” and can also be referred to as a lie detector. The idea originated in 1902, and polygraphs still have not been perfected, meaning it is commonly recognized as unreliable. The judicial and legislative branches of the United States have recognized this, and we have many laws put in place that outlaw the use of forced polygraph readings. To better understand the use of polygraphs, it is important to examine the federal, state and local laws concerning them, how effective they have proven to be, and why police are so confident in their use despite their unreliability. …show more content…
Polygraph tests are not required in any states, and in most are not allowed to be used as evidence in Court. The The Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 states that almost every type of employees are protected from the use of a polygraph test prior to hiring. (United States Department of Labor, n.d.) However, for a position in law enforcement or a government position, they may be administered. Concerning state laws, in North Carolina State v. Grier ruled it to be unlawful to use polygraph findings in court. (Justia U.S. Law, n.d.) Locally, polygraphs can also be used for personal reasons such as relationship struggles and confessions. They are required to keep these readings confidential unless otherwise
In “The Interview” by Douglas Starr, He talks about the different techniques they use when interrogating suspects to determine whether the suspect is lying. One technique they use is called the Reid Technique and that is when
If I was a police officer who was taking part in an interrogation I would create a lie to see if the person was the one
The Central Park Jogger case is one of false confessions to a crime, with a little help from police, which the defendants did not commit. Evidence taken at the crime scene did exclude the defendants, however, because of videotaped confessions they were sentenced to prison for a crime they admitted to committing even though they did not. It was not until many years later did the original perpetrator step forward from prison to admit he was the one who committed the crime with evidence (DNA) and firsthand knowledge of the scene. The five original defendants were released from prison but until serving a lengthy term. There are cues that can be noticed when investigators are conducting preliminary interviews that have a very high rate of success in determining the guilt or innocence of an individual. Some of these cues may be verbal such as a rehearsed response (Kassin, 2005). Other types of cues may be nonverbal body language such as a slouching (Kassin, 2005).
Lying is an issue that has been debated on for a long time. Some people believe that lying is sometimes ok in certain circumstances. Some people believe lying is always acceptable. In contrast, some believe lying is always bad. Keeping all other’s opinions in mind, I believe that lying is a deficient way of solving problems and is a bad thing. I claim that only certain situations allow the usage of lies and that otherwise, lying is bad. Dishonesty is bad because it makes it harder to serve justice, harms the liar individually, and messes up records. Furthermore, it should only be said to protect someone from grave danger.
The Specialized High School Admissions Test (SHSAT) may have its faults, but it is by far the most efficient option.
Sometimes people create false confessions on their own without tampering from the police. “In the jogger case, four of the teens made incriminating admissions, but their descriptions of the attack were incomplete, inaccurate and, at times, contradictory. Investigators who reviewed the case were careful not to suggest wrongdoing or coercion on the part of the police”(Tyre). The police did their job, but “the teens were simply telling the police what the cops wanted to hear”(Tyre). In these situations, some people would prefer not spending hours and hours being interrogated and would rather just have the case settled, even if it not the truth. "A third of people who confess to crimes didn 't do it and incriminated themselves without physical coercion by police"(Slobodzian). This also means majority of those who produce false confessions did not think up the idea on their own. Police brutality during interrogation is still happening, though some are lucky not to experience
Garrett, B. L. (n.d.). The Substance of False Confessions. Criminal Justice Collection. Retrieved November 23, 2010, from find.galegroup.com.uproxy.library.dc-uoit.ca/gtx/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28su%2CNone%2C28%29%22Wrongful+Convictions+%28Law%29%22%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28RE%2CNone%2C3%29ref%24&sgHitCo
Skolnick, J. H., & Leo, R. A. (1992, January 1). The ethics of deceptive interrogation. Criminal Justice Ethics, 11(1). Retrieved from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The ethics of deceptive interrogation.-a012396024
According to “Sleep Deprivation and False Confessions” and “False Confessions to Police and their Relationship with Conduct Disorder, ADHD, and life adversity,” it tackles on the causes of false confessions and who is more prone to such factors. Based on “The Role of Deception” and “How the Police Generate False Confessions: An Inside Look at the Interrogation Room” by Trainum, James L, it focuses on the methods police interrogators use to coerce a false confession. Lastly, ways to prevent false confessions from recurring will be recommended through “Miranda Rights Comprehension in Young Adults with Specific Language Impairment,” “Miranda Rights and Wrongs: Matter of Justice,” and “Police-Induced Confessions: Risk Factors and Recommendations.” Due to these reasons, the modern justice system needs to be updated and enforced to avoid similar cases of coerced false
This data is not from the defendant in question, but rather from other parties who will help give the court an insight into him or her. They include reports from psychiatrists and other doctors, and the defending attorney.... ... middle of paper ... ...
...t, “A variety of factors can contribute to a false confession during a police interrogation. Many cases have included a combination of several of these causes. They may include [but not limited to]: duress, coercion, diminished capacity, mental impairment, ignorance of the law, fear of violence, the actual infliction of harm, the threat of a harsh sentence, and even misunderstanding the situation” (Innocence Project). All of these factors have a huge effect during an interrogation. If one is ignorant to the law he may confess in order to end the uncomfortable nature of the situation. Unaware that he or she has now compromised themselves. As a result The Innocence Project has advocated recording interrogations as a means to protect the suspect and law enforcement personnel and perhaps forcing officers to act more ethically and resulting in less legality issues.
Employment and interpretations of the polygraph poses as the greatest threat to the testing subject. It is generally agreed upon psychophysiologist's that there is no specific lie response. Basically, no specific action has been identified and allocated as an irrepressible deceptive cue. This seems to be very contradicting to the whole purpose of the polygraph test. The fact that the polygraph is wide open to interpretation crates invalidity from the start.
A polygraph test can record a person's breathing rate, pulse, blood pressure, perspiration and other significant physiological changes that suggest a person is lying, but it should not be used as evidence in a court of law because it does not provide reliable proof of a person's physical reaction to the stress of lying.
Leo, R and Ofshe R. The Social Psychology of Police Interrogation: The Theory and Classification of True and False Confessions. 16 Studies in Law, Politics and Society 189,
Genetic testing has become very popular as technology has improved, and has opened many doors in the scientific community. Genetic testing first started in 1866 by a scientist known as, Gregor Mendel, when he published his work on pea plants. The rest was history after his eyes opening experiments on pea plants. However, like any other scientific discovery, it bought conflicts which caused major controversies and a large population disagreed with the concept of playing with the genetic codes of human beings. Playing God was the main argument that people argument that people had against genetics. genetic testing became one of the major conflicts conflicts to talk about, due to the fact that parents could now have the option of deciding if they