Arguing Whether or not Clerical Celibacy Should be Maintained
"Like his two older brothers, Mark Vincent Serrano became an altar boy at St. Joseph's Church in Mendham, New Jersey. Invited to visit the parish priest in the rectory, he became--from the time he was 9 to the time he was 16-- a victim of serial molestation: groping, sodomy, oral sex, and forced masturbation," (Press).
One New Jersey priest convicted of molestation, said that "his vow of celibacy made no mention of abstaining from sex,"(Saharko). In order to determine the value of celibacy in the Roman Catholic Church, the exact meaning of celibacy must be understood. Celibacy, as defined by 21st Century Webster's Family Encyclopedia, is "voluntary abstinence from marriage and sexual intercourse."
The state of celibacy is exalted above that of marriage in the Church based upon 1 Corinthians 7:32-35, which states, " He that is unmarried careth for the things that belong to the Lord, how he may please the Lord: But he that is married careth for the things that are of the world, how he may please his wife. . . . And this I speak. . . that ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction." That's a wonderful ideal, but 1 Corinthians 7:9 says, "But if they cannot contain, let them marry: for it is better to marry than to burn ( with passion)."
While it's true that if men don't want to abstain from sex they could just stay out of the priesthood, the number of priests has declined so much that it probably would be better to just allow the priesthood to marry. "[B]y requiring celibacy as a conditon of ordination. . . the Church forces itself to select from a much too limited pool,"(Press). By revoking the policy of mandatory celibacy,and thereby opening clerical positions to married men, the church could possibly dramatically increase the declining priesthod numbers. It's not just the lack of a sex life that drives men from the priesthood; some just can't handle the extreme loneliness. Rather that suffer alone they just leave, so that they can have worldly things: a wife, children, a family all their own. Dan Rodricks, a columnist for the Baltimore Sun states in his column, "...Leaving the priesthood quote."
Advocates of celibacy worry that if priests marry, the congregation will be majorly neglected. However, that point is easily refuted because of the available examples of the leaders of uncelibate churches.
‘Great Expectations’ is a highly acclaimed novel written by Charles Dickens first published in 1861, which follows the journey of a young boy commonly known as Pip (his Christian name being Phillip Pirrip) who is born into a middle-class family but goes on to receive riches from a mysterious benefactor in order to pursue his childhood dream in becoming a gentleman. The story is written in first person with Charles Dickens writing back about the experiences of Pip. Although it isn’t his autobiography the events in the book do, in many ways, mirror the events of his childhood. This allows him to reflect on Pip’s actions, which helps in the readers understanding of the Novel.
Statistics Canada. 2001. “2001 community profiles. ” Accessed December 3, 2009 (http://www12.statcan.ca/en glish/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=C SD&Code1=5915022&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=vancouver&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=59&B1=Population&Custom= ()).
As humans grow up, they must all experience the awkward phase of the teen years, as they leave behind childhood for adulthood. In these times of transformations, one often finds themselves marred by the wicked ways of naïve love and the humiliation many experience. In Charles Dickens novel Great Expectations, one is able to watch an innocent boy’s transformation into a mature gentleman who is still a child at heart. Pip is plagued with the daunting responsibilities of adulthood and deciding where his loyalties lay. Torn between the alluring world of the rich and his roots in a destitute village, Pip must make a decision.
When the convict appears, Dickens describes him using powerful word such as ?stung? ?glared? ?growled? ?terror? and ?savage? which immediately grabs the readers attention. Pip is described here as ?the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry? which makes the reader feel sympathy and encourages them to read on to find out what happens next.
The first chapter of Great Expectations introduces us to the young protagonist Philip Pirrip, who was known as Pip because he could not pronounce his full name ‘I called myself Pip, and came to be called Pip.’ Pip who is about seven at the opening of the novel also serves as the story’s narrator looking back on his own story as an adult. With this two-level approach, Charles Dickens leads the reader though Pip’s life in childhood with the immediacy and surprise of a young narrator while at the same time guiding as an omnipotent narrat...
Lea, Henry Charles. History of Sacerdotal Celibacy in the Christian Church. London: Williams & Norgate, 1907. Web.
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Abstinence is an attainable goal for everyone and is a quality many strive to find in a spouse. “Chastity is the most unpopular of the Christian virtues.”(Lewis 95) The purpose of sex is procreation. To give life is a gift we are blessed with and it is a sin to take advantage of that gift. We have a purpose as humans and that purpose is to reproduce. Sexual bliss is not the goal for our lives, a world were everyone is out to achieve sexual bliss would be a world of chaos. Everyone only looking to benefit themselves is not a quality of human nature. Letting lust drive your life will push you away from a Godly life and into a life of unfulfillment.
Pip was a young boy who lived in the marshes of England. His parents were deceased so he lived with his sister and brother in law, Joe. While visiting his parents graves a convict took him, and threatened him into bringing a file and some food. Pip stole this from his family. Later on the convict is captured ,and for Pip’s sake, lies and says he stole the tems and is carried away to jail. A few weeks later, Mr. Pumblechook, Pip’s uncle, carries Pip to Mrs.Havisham, an old widow, to play at her house. Pumblechook and Joe hope that Pip will inherit Havisham’s fortune. An illuminating moment in Great Expectations is when Pip, while in London training to become a gentleman, learns his benefactor, all these years, has been the convict that he encountered as a young boy, which in turn follows
These questions arise from our own desires as Christians to reflect a biblically sound attitude towards sexuality and relationships. That same desire to act according to biblical scriptures is subject to opposition from today’s culture and views about sexual relationships, gender, and roles. A new definition of marriage, sexual orientation, and sexual practices is challenging our relationship with God and our view of human sexuality. Bishop John Spong defines sex and its impact on relationships: “Sex can be called at once the greatest gift to humanity and the greatest enigma of our lives. It is a gift in that is a singular joy for all beings and enigma in its destructive potential for people and their relationships.” (Spong, 1988)
Charles Dickens utilizes his life for inspiration for the protagonist Pip in his novel Great Expectations. They both struggle with their social standing. Dickens loved plays and theatre and therefore incorporated them into Pip’s life. Dickens died happy in the middle class and Pip died happy in the middle class. The connection Dickens makes with his life to Pip’s life is undeniable. If readers understand Dickens and his upbringing then readers can understand how and why he created Pip’s upbringing. Charles Dickens’ life, full of highs and lows, mirrors that of Pip’s life. Their lives began the same and ended the same. To understand the difficulty of Dickens’ childhood is to understand why his writing focuses on the English social structure. Dickens’ life revolved around social standing. He was born in the lower class but wasn’t miserable. After his father fell into tremendous debt he was forced into work at a young age. He had to work his way to a higher social standing. Because of Dicken’s constant fighting of class the English social structure is buried beneath the surface in nearly all of his writings. In Great Expectations Pip’s life mirrors Dickens’ in the start of low class and the rise to a comfortable life. Fortunately for Dickens, he does not fall again as Pip does. However, Pip and Dickens both end up in a stable social standing.
Pip has a changing perception of himself, other characters, and the world around him throughout Stage One of the book Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. In this part of Pip’s story, his life is centered around his own home and the Satis House. Characters in each of these settings shape and change his paradigms about the world by showing him different forms of contentment and people who he does not want to be like. Joe and Biddy, Mrs. Joe and his Uncle Pumblechook, and Miss Havisham and Estella are the characters that most directly affect Pip’s outlook of himself, his life, and other characters.
We often find ourselves wondering why people behave a certain way during an unforeseen event. By attaching meaning to people behavior, we gain an understanding of why they behave a certain way. This concept is referred to as the attribution theory. The attribution theory analyzes how we explain people’s behavior and what contributes to it (Myers & Twenge 2017). For example, is this person angry because he or she has a bad temper, or because something awful has occurred? According to the attribution theory pioneer Fritz Heider (1958), some of us tend to think people behavior is attributed to their internal causes which is referred to as dispositional attribution (Myers & Twenge 2017). Others tend to think their behavior is attributed to external causes which is referred to situational attribution (Myers & Twenge 2017).
Attribution is the concept of how people interpret and explain causal relationships in the social world. People do not observe their own and other’s actions passively, rather, they try to conclude what caused them. Attribution can be split into two different factors, dispositional and situational. Dispositional attribution is where the action directly reflects an individual. For example, when a person yells at someone, a person is most likely going to correlate the man yelling as an aggressive person who has a short temper. In contrast, situational attribution is where the action of a person is influenced by external factors. For example, a person blaming social pressures for misconduct in a certain situation. While attribution is a quick
The rest of this chapter is organized as follows: Firstly, we introduce the origins and history of BPM in section 2.1. Secondly, we present a number of basic BPM concepts, definitions, and terminologies in section 2.2. Thirdly, we show the relation- ship between BPMS and other systems or applications, such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Groupware Systems or Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), and Workflow Management Systems (WfMS) in section