In the Great Planes of America there was a tribe of Indians known as the Arapaho Indians. There is little documentation as to when or where they came from but it is known they were in many different places in the Midwest including Oklahoma, Wyoming, Kansas and Colorado. The Arapaho Indians were nomadic people who survived on hunting buffalo and gathering. This tribe was greatly changed when they were introduced to horses. The horses provided them a new way to hunt battle and travel. The horse became the symbol and center of Arapaho nomadic life: people traded for them, raided for them, defined wealth in terms of them and made life easier. In prehistoric America horse remains have been found that show they covered our great plains and were evolved to be able to eat the harsh vegetation of the area. The evidence of horses go back 54 million years. Without reason it seems this creature vanished from the area and not to be seen or have signs for the last ten thousand years. There are many theories as to what happened to them. One of the theories is that the horse died out due to disease. Another …show more content…
theory was they became extinct as the human population grew in the area. One other possibility is there may have been a devastating drought that lead to extinction. The plains continue to change but without this large mammal. The name Arapaho is derived from the Crow tribe’s name for the group meaning “People with Many Tattoos.” The Arapaho made circular tattoos using cactus needles and charcoal powder to make a blue hue. Prior to the 1840s the Arapaho maintained a lifestyle hunting large game and gathering berries and roots on the prairies. Men would hunt or raid, and women would set-up and move camp, collect edible plants and firewood, make clothes and shelter, cook, and prepare animal hides. Despite the gendered division of labor, the work of both genders was valued because of its utility to the tribe. The The Arapaho recognized four stages or “hills of life,” consisting of childhood, youth, adulthood, and old age.
Each Arapaho passed through the stages with the responsibilities and privileges of females and males transitioning at each stage. The “four hills” were viewed as being in harmony with the four seasons, the four cardinal directions, and solar movements. The Arapaho believed in reincarnation. A child born with a scar may have been seen as the reincarnation of an individual who was wounded in life. The Arapaho believed that thoughts had power and could manifest in the physical world. This belief led to such things as taboos on speaking about illness or pregnancy. To simply talk about certain things was believed to manifest them. Children’s dolls were sexless, wore non-descript buckskin, and could not represent infants, because, such pretend play might cause
pregnancy. When it came to hunting the Arapahos would use their dogs to assist in hunting as well as transporting the animal back to the tribe. The men would do the hunt but the women would assist. They used a travois, a set of poles hooked together as well as to the dogs to allow an area to attach the items needed to transport. The women would use the travois to set up a make shift wall when it was time to hunt a buffalo the men with the assistance of the dogs would chase buffalo to the wall where they would take down the buffalo when it was trapped. After the animal was killed they would make loads to fill the travois and hook back up to the dogs to bring back to the tribe. The Arapaho Indians lived in teepees that were able to be taken down and moved. It was typically the woman’s job to take down and set up the teepee. The tribe would move when the buffalo would move. The women would use the dogs hooked up to the travois to move the home and small children. A wealth family would have more dogs and sometimes helped less fortunate families or other family members. The plains Indians including the Arapaho Indians were changed when the Spaniards reintroduced the horse to America. The Spaniards had enslaved some Indians and forced them to work with horses. The taught them how to care for them as well as train them. They made a law no Indian was to own a horse. It allowed them to keep a resource that gave them better transportation and abilities. The Pueblo Indians revolted in 1680 against the Spanish and this caused the Spanish to leave in a hurry back to old Mexico. Leaving in such hast they left behind many things including horses. The Pueblo Indians were able to use the horses and breed them to create their own large herds. This gave them a new commodity to trade with other tribes. They were able to teach other tribes how to ride and train horses. The horses were spread across the plains quickly. There was an immediate change of life for the Arapaho Indians. The horses provided them the ability to hunt buffalo on an animal that could run about the same speed as the buffalo. The no longer needed to set up their Travois walls. The horse started to replace the dogs. If you had many horses you were considered to be a wealthy man. The horse was able to pack more than the dogs were able to. It became a mission for the Indians to have many horses to show they were prosperous. The Indians were able to use the horses to hunt as well as trade for other goods they might need. Because the horses had become a great asset the Indians would raid nearby tribes as well as the white men traveling through or the soldiers stationed nearby. Walter Glazier was solider of the Union that was captured by the confederates and imprisoned. During his imprisonment he was moved from prison to prison. At one point he was able to escape. While with a group of herders he was captured by the Arapaho Indians. He documented his experience and escape from them. The Indians used a circling pattern to enclose the herders and then captured the herders. Once captured the Indians took on the herd of horses and tortured one of the herders since he had killed one of the Indians. They used their arrowheads heated on his skin and stabbed him several times finally one of the Indians shot him. Walter was lucky the leading Indian stepped in and stopped the Indians as they had tied him to be tortured next. They traveled with him imprisoned for three days. He was able to escape on one horse and find a cattle ranch that would feed him and send him on his way. Indians spent a lot of time with the animals either using them to hunt or pack the horses were very involved in the lives of the Indians. with the Indians being trained in the way of the white man how to train the horses they used their knowledge to train but because they treated their animals well and made sure not to override or rest the injured the Indians were able to develop amazing bonds and able to train better than most. The Spaniards would seek out the horses trained by them because they knew it would be a well-trained horse. The Indians would breed their own herds so they would have horses to sell and trade. The Indians took tools they learned from the Spaniards and changed them to better suit their needs. Contrary to the way we see Indians in movies they used saddles and other tack to assist them with riding they didn’t always ride bare back like movies depict. In some cases the Indians would go bareback but it was useful to have the saddles when entering battle or while hunting. The saddles is not the only thing the Indians would use. They created a leather strap that would go around the body of the house they could use to put a foot in to either get up on the horse or to assist when they were doing a form of trick riding for hunting or battle. This allowed the Indians to move fluidly with the horse.
The Muckleshoot are a Native American tribe are a part of the Coast Salish people. their territory can be found located in Washington. They are recognized as the Muckleshoot Tribe, they are composed of generations of different tribal groups who inherited Puget Sound areas and occupied river drainages from the rivers confluence in Auburn to their reservations in the Cascades.
First of all, the Pomo tribe was located in North central California. Another example, the Pomo tribe lived in places that depended on the climate not too hot, not too cold. Pomo tribe lived in small communities of different types. One community was said to have 20 chiefs at a time and the head men lived in one main village. Also, the Pomo tribe lived in several types of shelter. Southeastern pomo used the tule reeds that grew in marshy areas around the Clear Lake to build houses. Last of all, the Pomo spoke 7 Hokan languages including Yakaya, Yokaia, Shanel, Kabinpek, and Gallinmero, and 2 more.
The mosh is an awesome place in Downtown Jacksonville; where everyone can learn some interesting facts about our city, how the body works , what animals are in the ocean and etc. I visited the Timucua Indian exhibit; I learned a lot of intriguing information that I didn’t know before. I learned how the Timucua Indians first came about, how the Indians lived and survived during this time period. This exhibit also showed me how the Indians looked and the way they did things. Being able to learn about the Timucua Indians is so fascinating to me.
Tulalip tribe is Indian tribe admitted by federal government, which is located on the Tulalip reservation in the mid-Puget Sound area bordered on the east by Interstate 5 and the city of Marysville. Tulalip tribe is a place where government allow the Snohomish, Snoqualmie, Skyimish, and other allied bands living in. the Tulalip tribe’s land cover 22,000 acres. The Tulalip tribe has abundant nature resources to supply their people’s normal life such as “marine waters, tidelands, fresh water creeks and lakes, wetlands, forests and developable land” ( who we are). Also, they have their unique language to communicate with their people which is Lushootseed –Coastal Salish. Because the traditional language should be extend, they have one master language
OFFICIAL SITE OF THE CONFEDERATED TRIBES OF THE YAKAMA NATION. Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, 2010. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
The Choctaw Indians The Choctaw Indians is a tribe of Musksgean stock. The Choctaws were once part of a larger tribe that included the Greeks and Seminoles and are considered one of the five civilized tribes (Cherokees, Greeks, Choctaws, Seminoles, and Chickasaws). At one time Choctaw territory extended from Mississippi to Georgia, but by the time Europeans began to arrive in North America they were primarily in Mississippi and Louisiana. The Choctaw Indians were into cultivation, they hunted and raised corn along with a host of other crops. One of their chief religious ceremonies was a harvest celebration called, “The Green Corn Dance.” According to one legend, the Choctaw were created at a sacred mound called Nanih Waiya, near Noxapater, Mississippi. In 1540, the Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto led the first European expedition through Choctaw territory.
The Mohegan Indians are located in the southeastern part of Connecticut near the Thames River Valley in Uncasville, with a current population of approximately 1,000 members. All of the members are of Native American decent and were once associated with the Pequot tribe. "Scientific evidence shows the Native American presence in the area for 10,000 years, but the oral history begins with the beginning, when the Great Spirit created the earth" (http://moheganindians.weebly.com/). The first group of Mohegan’s was part of the Delaware tribe which was called the Wolf Clan, that settled in upstate New York. The Native languages of the Mohegan Indians are English and they also have their own Mohegan dialect, which is called "Algonquin dialect". In this Native language the name Mohegan means "People of the wolf", which fits the tribe perfectly as they were once a heterogeneous group in which the men went to war to protect their tribes and would also go hunting to put food on their families tables while the women stayed home to take care of the children and were horticulturist as they worked in the fields farming each day. Each individual played a major part in keeping the tribe together as a one functional unit.
The earliest known records of the Cheyenne Indians are from the mid 1600s. They were a nomadic peoples whom lived completely off the land. Originally, the Cheyennes lived in larger masses, residing in homes they called wigwams. Eventually, as they became a nomadic peoples, they converted to the usage of a teepee as a home. A Cheyenne teepee was primarily made of buffalo-hide and could be easily moved form place to place, following along behind the buffalo herds. The hunting of buffalo was no easy feat, as the Cheyennes hunted on foot, with bow and arrow. However, the Cheyennes thrived on buffalo; their meat provided food, there hides provided warmth, and the bones allowed for bows, cooking utensils and toys. Also, the sinew made bowstring and sewing equipment.
Native American culture, according to William Youngs, A Question for Harmony, the Native American origins beginnings started with endless space. Tawa, the Sun Spirit, impregnated Mother Earth, creating the First World. The First World was inhabited by insect-like creatures. These creatures continuously argued to understand the meaning of life. These creatures then fell victim to the sorcerer's, upsetting Tawa so Tawa created ‘Spider Grandmother’. Spider Grandmother led the insect-like creatures to the Second World. The insects grew hair and fur on their bodies and took places as dogs, wolves, or bears.
The Tonkawa Tribe lived in Northeastern, Oklahoma in 1601. The Apache Tribe pushed the Tonkawa Tribe south to the Red River by 1700. Tonkawa had a penchant for cannibalism, which made them unpopular with other Native American groups and the new texans.
The Ohlone tribe is located near the San Francisco Bay region. We ate lots amount of berries, vegetables, and meat. We stumbled upon Mission San Jose and have been invited into the society. Some of my people went for a sense of change, but most stayed. We settled villages at this location and have provided many resources. We named our village Orisom. We have adapted and have change certain things about us within this society. We collected seeds, roots berries, seafood, and many more. Similar to what we gathered before. After many years have passed, more natives and Ohlones have settled in the Mission. That being said, we were all introduced to a new way of life by Spanish missionaries. We planted acres of wheat and other crops helped by the
The world is filled with many incredible unknowns ready to be discovered. The Chambord tribe for example, was found in Alaska by a group of educated scientists. Based explicit details of the Chambord tribe, scientists have figured by their limited amount words, they were compendious individuals. The first evidence of the Chambord tribe found was their language. After many days of observations, the characteristic of the Chambord tribe appears that they were amicable with an agricultural civilization, yet their cultures life expectancy didn’t last a century.
Bison have been around for 10,000 years. Their ancestors where known as giant bison and they were hunted by the paleoindians that came over on the Bering Strait. The giant bison however became extinct because the paleoindians hunted them and at the end of the last ice age, most of the vegetation they fed off of was destroyed. Dwarf bison, the bison that are around today, survived the ice age because the dwarf bison were faster, reproduced more rapidly and required less vegetation to sustain them. The destruction of giant bison resembles what happened to the bison in modern day America; accept they had to survive droughts instead of extreme cold.
Horses are used for lots of things!One thing they are used for today is competing. Whether you are competing in horse sports or just competing to have fun. Another thing horses are used for today is pleasure riding. When I say pleasure riding I mean just going on a ride with your friends or just taking a break from whatever else you’re doing. In the past people used horses for pleasure riding, like we do today. We do not use them for farming as much as the people in the past did. Back when we didn’t have all the ostentatious technology for our armies to use, we used war horses. One thing that is identical between today and the past is using horses a lot, as they did in the past.
All around the world different customs are practiced to show love for someone who has passed away. In Indonesia, they amputate a finger to show their love and a sign of grieving. Particularly the Dani tribe, that is located in Papua Indonesia. The town named is Wamena, which is located near the Cyclops Mountains. This has been a custom their for a while. The tribe is located in the Great Baliem Valley, most of the population in the blanks and hill slopes. The bizarre custom has lots of meaning behind it and no certain time that it began.