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Social learning theory criticism
Adult learning theory advantages and disadvantages
Social learning theory criticism
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Abstract
This assignment explores the learning theories of Mezirow and Bandura through the character
analysis of Malcolm X, portrayed by actor Denzel Washington from the film “Malcolm X”. The
focus is to examine the theoretical perspective of adult learning theories transformative learning
and that of social learning and how they impact character learning and development.
Applying Adult Learning Theory through A character Analysis
The film “Malcolm X,” produced by Worth, written and directed by Lee (1992) portrays the life of civil right’s leader Malcolm X as he makes his transformational journey from street hustling, jail, and imprisonment to later emerging as a leader for social change. While in prison, X becomes heavily involved in the Islamic movement and later meets Elijah Mohammed who is instrumental in his rapid climb to become Islam’s national spokesperson. His journey comes full-circle when after some oppositions, he disassociate himself from the Nation of Islam and embarks upon a pilgrimage to Mecca. While in Mecca X experiences another transformation that resonates throughout his life until his death in 1965 (Malcolm, 1992). By means of the events in this film, I will analyze the character Malcolm X in view of Mezirow’s transformational learning theory, and that of Bandura’s social learning theory to illustrate how theoretical perspectives can be used to explain character learning and development.
Mezirow, who is the developer of the transformative learning theory, asserted that the innate nature of humans is to necessitate comprehension and significance of the experiences encountered in life. Mezirow further contended that the transformative learning theory affords the learner the possibility to understand...
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...ch. Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide, 132-137. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
Merriam S. B., Caffarella, R, S., & Baumgartner, L. M. (2007b). Social cognitive orientation. Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide, 287-291. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
Merriam, S. B. (2004). The role of cognitive development in Mezirow’s transformational learning theory. Adult Education Quarterly, 55(1), 60-68
Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. In Cranton, P. (Ed), In Transformative Learning in Action: Insights From Practice, New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education No. 74. (5-12).San Francisco CA: Jossey-Bass
Malcolm X (As told to Alex Haley). (1992). The Autobiography of Malcolm X. New York: Ballantine Books
Worth, M. (Producer), & Lee, S. (Director). (1992).Malcolm X. [Motion picture]. United States: Warner Brothers
The autobiography of Malcolm X written by Alex Haley tells a wonderful story of a boy who grew up to be a legendary hero. Malcolm Xs character continuously develops throughout the entire novel, allowing the reader to be engaged in his story. The beginning of the text begins with the story of the past, when his mother was pregnant, and instantly the author brings in violence that include the Ku Klux Klan and the description of fear is already being portrayed. Chapter one is titled "nightmare "in this chapter not only does the reader already acknowledge struggle but there is also a background of his father. Over the course of chapter you see Malcolm Xs character develop mostly because his entire perspective constantly changes due to being around
The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told by Alex Haley is about a man who changed the history of America. Malcolm (Little) X preached what he believed about racism, discrimination, and segregation. He went through many changes in his fight for equality. The three transformations that really changed the way Malcolm thought and preached where his transformation in prison, his transformation into the Islamic religion (following Elijah Muhammad), and the biggest transformation of all, his pilgrimage to Mecca. In all of Malcolm actions, teachings and transformations we learn different points of view and we get a good look at different aspects of events. The life of Malcolm (Little) X as told in his autobiography should be read by all.
Of the people whose names are mentioned in history, some men like Thomas Edison are praised for their genius minds, while others such as Adolf Hitler are criticized for leaving a depressing legacy behind. While it is relative easy to notice the type of legacies these two men left, legacies of other men are often vague and they seem to be imbedded in gray shadows. This is how many people view the life of Malcolm X. Malcolm X during his lifetime had influenced many African Americans to step up for their rights against the injustices by the American government. One on hand, he has been criticized for his hard stances that resemble extremism, while on the other hand he has been praised him for his effort in raising the status for African Americans. The extremes in viewing his life from the modern day perspective have often come from reading his climatic speech The Ballot or the Bullet that he gave in many cities across America in 1964. When he was with the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X favored Blacks to be separated from the Whites, and during this time he strongly opposed White Supremacy. This also seems quite prevalent in his speech The Ballot or the Bullet. However, one events during the last year of his life reveal that he wanted the Blacks and the Whites to coexist as peaceful Americans.
Haley, M. X. (1992). The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As told to Alex Haley. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.
Malcolm X, born in 1925 as Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska lived with the knowledge that his family house was burned down and that his father was killed by the Ku Klux Klan because he refused to vacate an area that was “supposed” to be for Whites only. His father was an independent man who wanted to fend for his family by himself and not have to rely on anyone
This paper is written to give my personal reflection on a book entitled The Autobiography of Malcolm X. It is one of the assignments for EDC3360 Course, Social Work for Community Service. We were asked to read this book because the content of this book has relation with the course we are taken for the current semester.
In The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Muslim leader and black rights activist, Malcolm X, changes through a few significant events in his life. He went from an optimistic young boy, to a mischievous, law-breaking hustler, to a reformed man who sought to improve the way America viewed race. From the start of junior high, to his pilgrimage to the Holy City of Mecca, Malcolm X experiences three key events that change his life and develop the central idea of systemic oppression in the text.
Malcolm X is an important figure in human history because he was a human rights activist and fought for equality among people. He was a proficient public speaker who spoke for minorities, mostly African Americans. By reading Malcolm X’s story, I visualize on how a man suffered from the effects of prejudice and his whole disposition was formed from it. I see how a very angry man stayed angry at the "white devils" f...
Throughout each stage of his existence there are a multitude of symbols that are made evident. Haley shows how status played a major role in developing Malcolm’s self-worth. The author explains how a “conk” hairstyle tied him to the white world and showed him his own internalized racism. The writer also demonstrates how eyeglasses, a watch, and suitcases played a major role in his final transformation to the great leader that he made himself into. All of these symbols work together through the captivating tale of his life, and illustrates the many things that helped to shape him as a man. All things considered, Haley reveals just how critical symbols are in not only Malcolm X’s lives, but in everyone’s lives. Ultimately challenging his readers to look at their own lives in an attempt to discover what their personal symbols are. Malcolm X’s life had many challenges and setbacks, nevertheless, he discovered who he wanted to be and rose to the challenge, proving himself an important and influential
X, Malcolm, and Alex Haley. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. New York: Ballantine, 1999. Print.
Passion is known to be contagious. Many would consider civil rights leader Malcolm X as being one of the most passionate individuals no matter the circumstance or stage in his life. He is known to have been bursting with passion regardless if he had been hustling on the streets of Harlem, doing time behind a jail cell, delivering sermons on behalf of the Nation of Islam or finding his definition of being a real Muslim. The movie, Malcolm X is a Spike Lee produced biographical drama focused on the Afrocentric upbringings of an activist who spends his life seeking the truth. In the scene where Malcolm is giving a sermon at a Nation of Islam rally, the audience is able to realize how big of a devotee he is to co-founder and minister Elijah Muhammad,
Malcolm X has truly captured the hearts of many. From his empowering personality to his amazing life story, he is a figure history can never forget. His autobiography is a full and honest account of his life, his struggle against racism, mistakes, regrets, choices good and bad, as well as discove...
Spike Lee, director of Malcolm X sacrificed authenticity in exchange for theatrics. In Malcolm X, a character named Baines serves the unadulterated role of Malcolm’s siblings and prison friend. In reality, Baines is nonexistent. “His decision to join the Nation also was influenced by discussions with his brother Reginald, who had become a member in Detroit and who was incarcerated with Malcolm in the Norfolk Prison Colony in Massachusetts in 1948” (Mamiya). The movie delineates Baines as his friend that betrayed him in the Nation as this quotation from the movie will explain, “You want a new car? You want a new house? Is that it? It's the money, right (Lee)?”. Malcolm perceives the vast corruption that penetrates the Nation, the leaders have semi-consensual copulation with young secretaries and their opulent lives. Not to mention, the movie’s illustration of Malcolm’s life is veracious. In Malcolm X, it is shown with authoritarian assurance that the Nation of Islam is the primary perpetrator of Malcolm’s assassination. In reality, the guilt of Malcolm’s murder is
Director Spike Lee depicts the life of the civil rights leader Malcolm X (Denzel Washington), on how he came from a street hustler to a minister in the American nation of Islam and then came to an end in his assassination in 1965. Malcolm's father a baptist minister was murdered by the KKK and then later Malcolm and his siblings were sent off to foster parents after their mother went crazy. During his early academic years Malcolm was top of his class and was even elected class president but was told he would be a good carpenter when he grow up by his teacher. In his early twenties, X turned to a life of crime and it came to an end when he was thrown in prison for burglary charges. In prison he was introduced into the islamic religion and inspired
Adult learners learn differently than children. There is a belief that fulfilled learning is best as a social action; while educating is a conscious demonstration. In order for instructors to be effective, they have to support the purposeful display of instructing. It is vital to have an establishment of theories that help the adult learner. Understanding these speculations will help you to be better prepared and more cognizant in your instructing. There is no single theory that can help with the understanding of adult learning. However, I will attempt to share my experiences and certainty on why I believe all theories play a vital role in adult learners.