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Sports psychology quizlet
Importance of sport psychology
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Three factors were identified that contribute to the affects anxiety and stress has on an athlete’s performance. These factors were sent to psychologists and sports analysts who ranked them according to their level of importance they believed each factor had. Seven experts’ rankings are included in the funny mathematical section. Each expert participated in a survey that ranked the factors on a scale from one to ten. The degree of strict agreement between all the experts was 0.2000. Although this may seem like a number of great significance, the experts did possess the same views, making it difficult for the level of agreement to be high.
All three factors tied as being the most preferred. Between cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence,
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Compared to a regular psychologist who is an expertise in the behavioral and mental processes of the human mind, sports psychologists regularly study how psychological factors affect performance and the affects participation and exercise have regarding physical factors. Next time I would send out the survey strictly to sports psychologists. I would also send a study to athletic coaches because I believe being able to compare results to those who coach and those who study would bring a new view as to how stress and anxiety are perceived by others.
Areas of future research would include how gender affects an athlete’s performance. I want to expand my knowledge on whether or not men and women experience anxiety and stress differently. If it does then I want to know how it does. I would also want to further my research as to how to reduce stress and anxiety, discovering more ways how to cope with that feeling of panic. Next, I want to study the pressure athletes have of them on and off the field, court and arena because I believe that there are more underlying factors that affect an athlete even when they are not
However, what this argument does not take into account is that athletes have an abundance of pressure put on them that most non-athletes don’t ever experience. Hence, the saying, “go hard or go home”. A recent study emphasizes this fact as McClatchy notes, ”The researchers monitored mood levels of 465 collegiate athletes over three years and found 6.3 percent of the athletes met the criteria for clinically significant depression and 24 percent were considered ‘clinically relevant’ “ (2016). Studies like these prove that athletes are not blind to the idea of depression, but rather experience this disorder themselves. Anxiety has a huge role in depression. As sportsperson, there is constant effort to become an awe-inspiring player. As the stakes of the game raise, so does the anxiety. Some want a scholarship, some want to show off what they offer to a team that got a scholarship, and some are professionals. Regardless of whether it's grade school sport or a professional sport, failing at personal goals one set is down right depressing. Kearns and Hwang state that, ”While it’s not clear whether the source of challenges to a student-athlete's mental well-being is the same as those non-athletes, collegiate athletes are known to encounter unique stressor that the general population doesn’t have to deal with, such as the demands, relationships with coaches and missed scheduled classes” (2014). Pressure is something everyone experiences. However, athletes experience some of the same pressure that of non-athletes and then some. Being on a sports team is demanding to time and the idea of being “superior”. In athletics, coaches are everything. For example, If a coach likes how a person attributes as a team player, then that person will get a chance to shine. However, if the coach is not very fond of one, then the chances of opportunities are not very
Main Point #1: A great deal of attention has been paid to the relationship between physical fitness and psychological health. The four psychological areas that have been studied the most are: 1) Psychological well-being and mood, 2) personality and self-concept, 3) Psychological stress response, and 4) cognition (i.e.- perception, knowledge, and awareness; thinking)
The goal of every coach is to create an environment in which his athletes can flourish. Performance anxiety is a coach’s worst enemy simply because it can have a negative impact both mentally and physically on athletes. The mastery approach to coaching is a cognitive-behavioral intervention designed to promote a mastery-involving motivational climate (Smith, Smoll, Cumming, 2007). How a coach handles his athletes is essential for their confidence and ability to overcome any level of performance anxiety. Critical or punitive feedback from coaches can evoke high levels of negative affect in children who fear failure and disapproval, thereby contributing to a threatening athletic environment (Smith, Smoll, Cumming, 2007).
I am a young ambitious student who strives to excel in everything I do. I want to study Sport Psychology as I know I possess the right skills to further and develop myself in the career of sports. I have the ability to understand others in sports as I also play sports myself. I have been in high pressured sporting situations which I have used my psychological skills to help increase my performance. What interests me in Sport Psychology is that I can make a big difference to not just my life but the lives of people in sport such as rehabilitating athletes or boosting athlete performance. I am fascinated by how different athletes perform in the same environment and getting practical with the mind, body and brain. Improving performance, consistency and stability in an athlete’s
(WHO, 2014). Mental health problems within sport is often overlooked compared to the physical sporting benefits and difficulties which be improved or occur due to sports participation. Many researchers often focus upon the physical side of sport as stereotypically sport and the physiology of participants have always been closely linked, but the psychological side of sport not so much until more recent years, which could possibly due to the stigma of mental health being perceived as deeming a person ‘weak’ causing a reduced mount of people to want to speak about their own mental health and wellbeing, making research difficult to conduct. But with the social stigma of mental health gradually reducing many more people, particularly adults are expressing their mental health concerns and issues with more comfort and ease. With this reduce in stigma, a number of staggering statistics has recently been released by the Mental Health Foundation, with nearly half of the adult population within the UK, specifically 43.4%, now reporting to have a diagnosable mental health condition, 1 in 6, 17%, experiencing a common mental health problem such as anxiety and depression and more shockingly, 1 in 5, 20.6%, admitting to considering taking their own
It’s often mentioned within the competitive bodybuilding circles that, “no pain – no gain”. While the physically stressful side of participating in a bodybuilding competition is understood, many times the mental ramifications are not adequately considered. The intense training required to be a competitive bodybuilder can present some dangerous mental consequences.
Athletic staleness and burnout is a big problem for many of today’s athletes whether they are at the amateur or professional level. The good thing about this problem that ends up in total and complete physical and emotional exhaustion is that it can be recognized when it is taking place. It can also be treated if the recognition comes at too late of a stage of the onset of staleness and burnout. But the best remedy for athletic staleness and burnout is prevention of it in the first place. There are three different models that have been used to explain the causes of athlete burnout.
Athletes of all sizes, ages, and genders have at least one characteristic in common. Whether they are professional athletes or beginners, there is a natural sensation before the competition begins. This sensation is stimulated by the athlete’s level of stress, anxiety, and arousal prior to the event. Growing up playing multiple sports there was one piece of advice that every one of my coaches and even my parents gave me. That advice was to not let my nerves get the best of me. Sometimes though, I couldn’t help but fall victim to the level of stress and anxiety I had before the game. As a result of this, my performance decreased and I “choked”. Throughout this paper I will be analyzing what it truly means to “choke”, how coaches can prevent the occurrence of “choking”, as well as providing an example of recent occurrences where even professional athletes have “choked”.
Additionally, Anshel and Anderson mention that there are various situational and personal variables which lead to difference in the magnitude of stress and anxiety experienced by gymnasts and other athletes. For instance, individual sports expose participants to higher levels of stress and anxiety compared to team sports. In individual activities the performer feels isolated and inadequate, while team sports have a large number of teammates rallying behind them to fall back on (Johnson).
Sports psychology continues to evolve in order to ensure that comprehensive and evidence-based psychological services are available for athletes and teams. Giving athletes an understanding of their psychological functioning, and building the ability to implement a range of psychological strategies in competition enables athletes to both execute their skills and thrive under pressure as they strive to reach their performance potential.
Summarize the history of the field of sport psychology: Sports psychology has become an important type of psychology is today’s world, but where did it all begin? The first known was in 1920 when Carl Diem founded the world’s first sports psychology laboratory in Berlin, Germany. Two more laboratories were created in 1925. They were created by A.Z. Puni and Coleman Griffith. Puni was in the Institute of Physical Culture in Leningrad, and Griffith was at the University of Illinois. Coleman Griffith is known as the first American sports psychologist. Griffith released a two books called The Psychology of Coaching and Athletic. After Griffith research/lab were closed in 1932, sports psychology let downhill until the mid-1960. It seemed like no one cared about sports psychology until 1965 when Ferruccio Antonelli created the International Society of Sport Psychology. After Antonelli bought back sports psychology, universities started offering course in the subject. In 1970, the first academic journal the International Journal of Sports Psychology was established, a...
Tower D, “Relationship Between Athletic and Academic Success: A Pilot Study” and was conducted by Daniel Tower at the University of Connecticut
This section of the paper is going to go into detail (by using previous studies) on how exactly anxiety effects the athletes. In a study involving a collegiate softball tournament, players were put into one of two conditions: high situation criticality or low. The test results showed that the athletes in the high criticality condition had significantly higher levels of cognitive-anxiety. Why were some of the athletes more worried? Clearly the cognitive interpretation an individual gives to a situation exerts an effect. Also, how the athlete takes to the arousal can determine if the athlete will be able to cope with the situation well or not. It says “Researchers have found that athletes are successful interpret arousal to be facilitative.” In a study with an elite group of swimmers found that intensity levels were much higher in the athletes that took their anxiety as deliberative that those who
Sport psychology is the study of the psychological aspects of sport; they are not limited to just sports and can include any type of physical activity or exercise. Sport psychologists assist athletes or performers with their performance and life endeavors. They examine the way athletes use visualization techniques to improve performance, manage performance anxiety, and how athletes cooperate to work more effectively together as a team. Opportunities with a bachelor degree work in rewarding careers that challenge them to use their general training in psychology as well as any specialized knowledge in sports. Fitness instructors and recreational workers develop, plan, organize, and direct recreational activities for children and adults. Fitness
Salmon, P. (2001). Effects of physical exercise on anxiety, depression, and sensitivity to stress: A unifying theory.Clinical Psychology Review, 21(1), 33–61. Retrieved October 20, 2013, from http://www.sciencedirect.com.library.esc.edu