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Are juvenile justice systems different then the adult justice system pdf
Juvenile sentencing controversies
Juvenile sentencing controversies
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Annotated Bibliography Butler, F. (2010). Extinguishing all hope: Life-without-parole for juveniles. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 49(4), 273-292. This scholarly article, written by Frank Butler, gives a great insight of real life experiences of eleven men who have been incarcerated since being convicted with life without parole as juveniles. The authorI completes a study in oral history of these men to find their backgrounds. I plan to use this source as a description of the typical juvenile who has been serving a life sentence without parole. I will describe how juveniles are more likely to not be aware of the meaning of life without parole. Graham v. Florida U.S. 08-7412 (2010) This court case is the case that has ruled that …show more content…
juveniles cannot be sentences to life without parole if they have committed a non-homicide offense. This case was argued in November 9, 2009 and decided May 17, 2010. I will use this source to inform the reader on how this is a first step to banning juvenile life without parole indefinitely. Kennedy, M.
(2013). The End of Mandatory Juvenile Life Without Parole. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 25(5), 553-578. This scholarly article was written Megan Kennedy and issues in the Criminal Justice Policy Review. It describes the present issue of juvenile mandatory life without parole. I will use this source to inform the reader on the effects of juvenile life without parole on the families of the victims. Also, I will inform the reader on how the ruling of Miller v. Alabama will impact current juvenile life without parole rulings and individual U.S. …show more content…
States. Lamberti, M. (2015). Children are different: Why iowa should adopt a categorial ban on life without parole sentences for juvenile homicide offenders. Drake Law Review, 63(1), 311-340 This scholarly article is written by Meredith Lamberti and she searches for the consequences that two court cases describe to be cruel and unusual for non-homicide juvenile offenders. I will use this source to describe to the reader another reason why juvenile life without parole should be banned for homicide juvenile offenders. I will state the authors research on why this sentence should be banned for all juvenile offenders, not just those non-homicide. I will also use her research done to argue that children are psychologically different than adults. Paccione-Dyszlewski, M. (2013). It is time to eliminate life in prison without parole for crimes committed by juveniles. Brown University Child & Adolescent Behavior Letter, 29(1), 8-8. This scholarly article is written by a psychologist that has had a first hand relationship with young boys who have been serving life without parole sentences in an adult correctional system.
The author gives his point of view on the ability that young juveniles have to change, as he worked with them and saw it in person. I will use this source to further provide the reader on another reason why this sentence should be banned. Lie the author, I will argue on why these juveniles deserve a second chance. Quinn, M. C. (2007). Life without parole for juvenile offenders: A violation of customary international law. Saint Louis University Law Journal, 52, 283-316. This scholarly article, written by Molly Quinn, sheds light on the fact that the United States is the only country that allows juvenile life without parole. She provides the reader with the issue of this sentence that the United Nations has addressed. I will use this source to let the reader know that as being named the greatest nation in the world, the United States should ban juvenile life without parole for all juvenile offenders to advocate that we are a nation of second chances. Rhodes, T. (2015). Cruel and unusual punishment before and after 2012: Miller v. alabama must apply retroactively. Maryland Law Review, 74(4),
1000-1030. This scholarly article was written by Tracy Rhodes and she focuses Miller v. Alabama. She goes into detail on the history of the 8th amendment, the challenges of lengthy sentences, factors of capital sentencing, and other important topics that go against juvenile life without parole. She strongly opposed this sentence and gives great research to argue. I will use this source to inform the reader on more information about the Miller and Graham case. I will also discuss the severity of life without parole as Rhodes provided. Steinberg, L., & Scott, E. (2003). Less guilty by reason of adolescence: Developmental immaturity, diminished responsibility, and the juvenile death penalty. American Psychologist, 58(12), 1009-1018. This scholarly article researches a juveniles ability to be held responsible for their crimes. Both authors argue against the juvenile death penalty and state that as juveniles, their decision making capability is not up to those standards of adults. I will use this source to provide the reader that due to immaturity and underdeveloped minds, juveniles differ from adults when it comes to their culpability. Professor Karas, As of right now, I am still deciding what other important information I want to add to this research. I am stuck and I am taking more time to find out what other piece of information is appropriate for this paper. That is why I only have 8 sources rather than 10. I will keep looking for sources this week. Regards, Monica Rodriguez-Sosa
In the article titled ”Man Denied Parole in a Flagstaff Hotel” the article follows the case of then teenager Jacob Wideman murdering his bunkmate Eric Kane while he slept in his bed at a summer camp hotel in Flagstaff, Arizona in 1986. Jacob was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole for 25 years, the article was written in 2011the year of his first parole hearing. The issue for the readers to decipher in the article is if they believe Jacob who has served the past 25 years in prison should be granted parole and be released from prison. The article gives up to date insight from the parents of both of boys, Jacob who committed the murder, and Eric the victim all leading up to Jacob’s parole hearing. In this paper I will highlight key points from the article while answering key questions to give a better understanding of the trial for myself and for the readers.
In the article On Punishment and Teen Killers by Jenkins, sadly brings to our attention that kids are sometimes responsible for unimaginable crimes, in 1990 in a suburban Chicago neighborhood a teenager murdered a women, her husband, and her unborn child, as she begged for the life of her unborn child he shot her and later reported to a close friend that it was a “thrill kill”, that he just simply wanted to see what it felt like to shoot someone. A major recent issue being debated is whether or not we have the right to sentence Juveniles who commit heinous crimes to life in adult penitentiaries without parole. I strongly believe and agree with the law that states adolescents who commit these heinous crimes should be tried as adults and sentenced as adults, however I don’t believe they should be sentenced to life without parole. I chose this position because I believe that these young adults in no way should be excused for their actions and need to face the severe consequences of their actions. Although on the other hand I believe change is possible and that prison could be rehabilitating and that parole should be offered.
“More than 2,500 children in the United States had been sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. Most juveniles sentenced to life imprisonment without parole had been convicted of homicide crimes. We estimated there were fewer than two hundred juveniles serving life without parole for non-homicide offenses” (Stevenson, 2014, pp. 269-270).
If a family member was murdered, a family member was murdered, age should not dictate if the punishment for homicide will be more lenient or not. If anyone not just juveniles has the capabilities to take someone's life and does so knowing the repercussions, they should be convicted as an adult. In the case of Jennifer Bishop Jenkins who lost her sister, the husband and their unborn child, is a strong advocate of juveniles being sentenced to life without parole. In her article “Jennifer Bishop Jenkins On Punishment and Teen Killers” she shows the world the other side of the spectrum, how it is to be the victim of a juvenile in a changing society where people are fighting against life sentences for juveniles. As she states in the article “There are no words adequate to describe what this kind of traumatic loss does to a victims family. So few who work on the juvenile offender side can truly understand what the victims of their crimes sometimes go through. Some never
In the United States, each year, there are numerous juvenile delinquents who are given mandatory life prison sentences. This paper will explain how a troubled boy at the age of 15 winds up being convicted, receiving one of the harshest punishments in the United States, and what actions may prevent future occurrence of this event happening to the lives of other delinquent youth.
y of their actions.To demonstrate this assertion is correct, sufficient research has been complied.To prove in the article, On Punishment and Teen Killers, by Jennifer Jenkins has stated that,”We in America have to own this particular problem, with weapons so easily available to our youth, and the violence-loving culture in which we raise them”(5).Although it 's not us who commit the crime we do make it easier for them to get a hold on weapons espicially in the Unites States.Adam Liptak points out in the article, Jailed for Life After Crimes as Teenagers, that “The United States is one of only a handful of countries that does that.Life without parole, the most severe form of life sentences,is theoretically available for
The sentencing of underage criminals has remained a logistical and moral issue in the world for a very long time. The issue is brought to our perspective in the documentary Making a Murderer and the audio podcast Serial. When trying to overcome this issue, we ask ourselves, “When should juveniles receive life sentences?” or “Should young inmates be housed with adults?” or “Was the Supreme Court right to make it illegal to sentence a minor to death?”. There are multiple answers to these questions, and it’s necessary to either take a moral or logical approach to the problem.
Rather than robbing them of the chance to grow and become better human beings, though, the government has the ultimate responsibility to help transform these troubled youths into upstanding citizens—even if it is within the walls of a prison rather than a classroom or office building. Executing minors does nothing but remind us of America’s stubbornness to do what may take time but in the end is right.
Heinous crimes are considered brutal and common among adults who commit these crimes, but among children with a young age, it is something that is now being counted for an adult trial and punishable with life sentencing. Although some people agree with this decision being made by judges, It is my foremost belief that juveniles don’t deserve to be given life sentencing without being given a chance at rehabilitation. If this goes on there’s no point in even having a juvenile system if children are not being rehabilitated and just being sent off to prison for the rest of their lives and having no chance getting an education or future. Gail Garinger’s article “ juveniles Don’t deserve Life sentence”, written March 14, 2012 and published by New york Times, mentions that “ Nationwide, 79 adolescents have been sentenced to die in prison-a sentence not imposed on children anywhere else in the world. These children were told that they could never change and that no one cared what became of them. They were denied access to education and rehabilitation programs and left without help or hope”. I myself know what it’s like to be in a situation like that, and i also know that people are capable of changing even children when they are young and still growing.
Butler, Frank (2010) ‘Extinguishing All Hope: Life-Without-Parole for Juveniles’, Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 49: 4, 273-292
The Juvenile Justice system, since its conception over a century ago, has been one at conflict with itself. Originally conceived as a fatherly entity intervening into the lives of the troubled urban youths, it has since been transformed into a rigid and adversarial arena restrained by the demands of personal liberty and due process. The nature of a juvenile's experience within the juvenile justice system has come almost full circle from being treated as an adult, then as an unaccountable child, now almost as an adult once more.
Is it fair to give juveniles life sentences? On June 25 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles who committed murder could not be sentenced to life in prison because it violates the Eighth Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment. Justice Elena Kagan, writing for the majority, stated that “Mandatory life without parole for a juvenile precludes consideration of his chronological age and its hallmark features- among them, immaturity, impetuosity, and failure to appreciate the risks and consequences. It prevents taking into account the family and home environment that surrounds him and from which he cannot usually extricate himself no matter how brutal or dysfunctional.” Juveniles should not be sentenced to life in prison or adult jail until legal age. Due to the facts that many are still young and aren’t over eighteen.
This paper will discuss the history of the juvenile justice system and how it has come to be what it is today. When a juvenile offender commits a crime and is sentenced to jail or reform school, the offender goes to a separate jail or reforming place than an adult. It hasn’t always been this way. Until the early 1800’s juveniles were tried just like everyone else. Today, that is not the case. This paper will explain the reforms that have taken place within the criminal justice system that developed the juvenile justice system.
References Glick, B. (1998) No Time to Play: Youthful Offenders in Adult Correctional Systems. American Correctional Association Wilkerson, I (1996) “Death Sentence at Sixteen Rekindles Debate on Justice for Juveniles.” New York Times, November Butts, J.A. and Snyder, H. (1997) “The Youngest Delinquents: Offenders Under the Age of 15,” Juvenile Justice Bulletin (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice) Lefevre, P.S., “Professor Grapples with Execution of Juveniles.” National Catholic Reporter Snyder, A. “Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders” (1997) National Center for Juvenile Justice
In the article “Juveniles Don’t Deserve Life Sentences”, by Garinger, she argues that juveniles should not be treated as adults if they commit horrible crimes. Garinger states that juveniles should not be sentenced to life in prison without parole. She states that the court is considering life in prison without parole for juveniles who commit capital crimes. Garinger says that juveniles are immature, and still developing, so they can not be held to the same standards as adults. The writer adds that as a juvenile court judge, she has seen how juveniles can change and may become rehabilitated.