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Emily Oncale
Professor J. James
American Literature
18 September 2015
Early Feminism in the 1600s
Men have always been considered the superior gender, especially back in the days of Anne Bradstreet. Bradstreet, however, was determined to show that she was not going to be held back by the standards of women set by society. Canadian author Margaret Atwood perfectly put in to perspective how men and women are viewed in society when she said, “We still think of a powerful man as a born leader and a powerful woman as an anomaly.” Why is it that women are taught that they have to prove themselves worthy to live in a man’s world? I believe Anne Bradstreet, like many women today, wanted equality of the genders. Bradstreet, unknowingly, contributed to an important movement that is still around today, the feminist movement.
Unlike many of the young women of her time, Anne Bradstreet had the privilege of receiving a superior education. Her father, Thomas Dudley, made it a priority to teach her how to read and write. As Anne grew up she continued her studies and married Simon Bradstreet at the age of sixteen. Shortly after she was married, her husband was assigned to help prepare the Massachusetts Bay Company. Anne, along with her husband and parents, set sail with
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Winthrop’s fleet to the new world. Very little is known of Anne’s daily life in the new world except for the fact that she never was a very strong woman. She suffered from rheumatic fever beginning at a young age and had symptoms reoccur constantly throughout her adult life. However, she still carried and delivered eight children. Anne Bradstreet constantly fought for what she believed in. She continued to write as an adult even though women authors were rarely heard of at the time. Bradstreet was a woman that easily fit into a man’s stereotype of what a woman was capable of at that time. She was seen simply as a weak human being, as a mother who should do nothing but take care of her children, and as a person not intelligent enough to produce writings of a high caliber. Bradstreet perfectly executes this in a writing of hers that states: I am obnoxious to each carping tongue Who says my hand a needle better fits, A poet’s pen all scorn I should thus wrong, For such despite they cast on female wits: If what I do prove well, it won’t advance, They’ll say it’s stol’n, or else it was by chance. (NAAL 111) I love how Bradstreet says that men despise an intelligent female.
It really puts in perspective how many women feel today. So many intelligent women, in a way, have to prove themselves in ways that men will never experience. Women have come along way since the 1600s in regard to things such as voting, education, and job equality. However, women still have ways to go in terms of overall equality. Bradstreet’s writings are unique in a way that she talked about how men viewed her, but she also wrote about how it would not affect her choice to write. Their offenses meant nothing to her because she took pride in what she did, she did not need her work justified by men for her to believe in herself and her
talent. I personally chose to discuss Anne Bradstreet because I understand what it is like to be told you can not excel at something because you are a woman. I have, since I was a young girl, envisioned myself as a doctor. I have constantly worked toward this goal and pushed myself to the limits especially in my schoolwork. I have never worked hard to prove anyone wrong, but to prove to myself that I am capable. Smart, independent, self-driven women are always pushed down by society, but that does not mean that they should ever find a reason to stop pushing back.
Bradstreet was a Puritan and was therefore raised with a simplistic view of the world. This, combined with the fact that she was a woman, carried over into her way of writing. Her writing style was not eloquent but plain, humble, and pleasant to read. Her poems dealt with topics such as faith, family, and adversity and were easy to understand. Bradstreet had great faith which she gained through the experiences she encountered in life.
Women have faced oppression in the literary community throughout history. Whether they are seen as hysterical or unreliable, women writers seem to be faulted no matter the topics of their literature. However, Anne Bradstreet and Margaret Fuller faced their critics head-on. Whether it was Bradstreet questioning her religion or Fuller discussing gender fluidity, these two women did not water down their opinions to please others. Through their writings, Bradstreet and Fuller made great strides for not just women writers, but all women.
Anne Bradstreet can be considered as a strong-willed but sensitive Puritan woman. Her poetry includes a combination of sarcasm and dispute against certain issues involving the unequal rights between men and women, and sentimental writings about her own emotions. She mostly writes about her feelings towards events going on in her personal life and not so much about politics or social phenomena. She did not write so as to put on a show or to be socially correct, but about her genuine feelings. She writes about being a woman and all the things that come with it, family, love, sorrow and seeking equality. She also incorporates her religious beliefs strongly in her poem as a driving force to reconciliation between herself and God. Anne Bradstreet was an eloquent poet who was able to convey her innermost feelings to the reader through various techniques and diction.
Though Bradstreet accepted the tenets of Puritanism, anti-Puritan texts are found in her poetry in terms of religious doubts as in “Meditations” to her children where she speculates if the Scriptures are true or contrived. Anne Bradstreet also deviates from traditional Puritan writings of the time by composing poetry for pleasure and self expression as opposed to writings of preaching and teaching as was the standard. Bradstreet is not truly unorthodox in that she did not dissent from accepted beliefs and doctrine, but lived in an intensely religious, male dominated society which put many limitations on women and their roles.
Anne Bonny was born March 8, 1702. She was said to be born in Kinsale, in County Cork. She was an Irish privateer working in the Caribbean, and a standout amongst the most popular female privateers ever. She was the little girl of worker lady Mary Brennan and William Cormac. Cormac moved to the Province of carolina, bringing his previous serving young lady, the mother of Bonny. Bonny's dad changed their Mc prefix of their family name to mix all the more effortlessly into the charles town citizenry. At first their family had an unpleasant begin to their new home, however Cormac's knowledge of law and ability to buy and sell goods soon financed a townhouse and a plantation out of town. Anne's mom died when she was around 12 years of age. some
While women continue to be ranked as the weaker sex by popular opinion, feminists have bright hopes in a change towards their liberation. As Rebecca Solnit stated, “feminism has just started and it’s not stopping now. We are witnessing a full-fledged war, not of the sexes but of gender roles”(Solnit). Feminism and the right to equality has been a long and arduous struggle for women before the Civil Rights Act. The Feminine Mystique sparked a change, questioning society, which continues today as women fight for equal treatment regardless of laws that claim for their protection. Feminists will continue to fight for the day where women will be treated as equals, where there will be no gender bias, and for the day when a woman can state her mind, just as her male counterpart, without being called an uptight
In 1629, Anne and Simon had their first child, they named him Samuel. They continued on to have 7 more children: Dorothy born in 1630, Sarah born in 1638, Simon born in 1640, Hannah born in 1641, Mercy born in 1647, Dudley born in 1647, and the youngest John, born in 1652. Most of Anne’s children had populous families. Although Anne loved all of her children, two of Anne’s children were born to do exceptional things. Simon Bradstreet Jr., whom was named after his father, was born to follow in the footsteps of his father. Dudley had a very diverse work load; he was a town clerk, led the militia, and was also a school
faith to reject fate. Therefore, she detaches herself from her strong affection for “Elizabeth,” and accepts the reality that God has taken her to “everlasting state.” The speaker compares the death of the child to nature: “corn and grass are in their season mown” (10) to reveal her sadness that her child does not live long as it is common in the natural order. But the speaker concludes with comfort in her faith that it is in “His [God’s] hand alone that Guides nature and fate” (14).
The Puritans are a group of individuals who were looking for religious freedom in Britain. Studying the Author's work from a single time period helps readers understanding their way of life and beliefs . Although Anne Bradstreet and Jonathan Edwards were both puritans , their writing and persuasive tactics differ in many ways .
Anne was born as Anne Marbury in 1591 in Alford, England. Her father, Francis Marbury, was an official in a church in Cambridge. He was not in agreement with the Church. He declared publicly that many of the church ministers were not fit to guide people's souls, and for that, Marbury spent two years in Marshalsea Prison. In 1580, at the age of 25, he was released and was considered capable to preach and teach. During her fathers imprisonment, Anne spent a lot of time reading her father's books on theology and religion. She admired his defiance of traditional church principles. With her father's strong commitment to learn, she received a better education than most contemporary girls, and also became familiar with the scripture and Christian
...sband, mothered eight children, risking death from each pregnancy, and managed to live sixty years. She was the first woman in American Literature to have her work published and also one of the first American women to begin thinking as a femenist. Even though Bradstreet was not a prominent, public femenist, she realized that she had to start somewhere and due to her living in the strict patriarchal puritan society, she did what she could. Although Bradstreet was very religious and held her spirituality very close to her, she still put together early femenist thought and can be considered one of the first American femnists.
Anne Bradstreet starts off her letter with a short poem that presents insight as to what to expect in “To My Dear Children” when she says “here you may find/ what was in your living mother’s mind” (Bradstreet 161). This is the first sign she gives that her letter contains not just a mere retelling of adolescent events, but an introspection of her own life. She writes this at a very turbulent point in history for a devout Puritan. She lived during the migration of Puritans to America to escape the persecution of the Catholic Church and also through the fragmentation of the Puritans into different sects when people began to question the Puritan faith.
As a woman born in the early 17th century, Anne Bradstreet was naturally destined to a life lived underneath the shadow of the men around her, as were most women of that era; however, Bradstreet had been born into a family that supported her education and learning. While at first glance Bradstreet’s work seems to portray a woman who is highly self-deprecating, her writing style and knowledge of literature and culture beg to differ. In the poem, “The Prologue,” Bradstreet uses literary devices and figurative language to combat the sea of masculine voices surrounding the women of that day. Throughout “The Prologue,” Bradstreet shows a mastery of figurative language and literary devices that contrasts her claims of inferiority, creating a poem that dares to ask for some small recognition of women writers as a whole.
By reading Bradstreet’s work, a fair sense of what Mrs. Bradstreet was like can be grasped. She clearly stated her opinion of those who objected to her writing: “I am obnoxious to each carping tongue, / Who says my hand a needle better fits.” (Bradstreet,“ The Prologue”155). Bradstreet refused to give up her passion for writing even if it meant going against the opinions of anyone in her colony, including religious leaders. Although Bradstreet referred to herself as being obnoxious, her written works portray an entirely different Bradstreet. She seeks no reward or fame for her writing: “Give thyme or parsley wreath, I ask no bays” (155). Bradstreet seeks no reward for her writing because she doesn’t think her work is very good: “My foolish, broken, blemished Muse so sings” (154). She refers to her writing as her: “ill-formed offspring” (“The Author To Her Book”165). Even after her work is published she is ...
Throughout history, women have remained subordinate to men. Subjected to the patriarchal system that favored male perspectives, women struggled against having considerably less freedom, rights, and having the burdens society placed on them that had been so ingrained the culture. This is the standpoint the feminists took, and for almost 160 years they have been challenging the “unjust distribution of power in all human relations” starting with the struggle for equality between men and women, and linking that to “struggles for social, racial, political, environmental, and economic justice”(Besel 530 and 531). Feminism, as a complex movement with many different branches, has and will continue to be incredibly influential in changing lives.