Comparative Study: Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells

Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells

Introduction

Cells are the basic units of life, and they can be found everywhere that you look and go. Most cells cannot be viewed without the aid of a microscope. Plant and animal cells are very different not only in their structure shape but in their functions as well. The diagrams found in the book on pages 65-66 are described as generalized cells that are used for study purposes (Mader & Windelspecht, 2016). According to Carl Woese, a professor of microbiology at the University of Illinois, eukaryote cells are more structurally complex than those of their prokaryotic counterparts. Eukaryote evolved from prokaryotic cells as they adapted to their environment. Evidence shows that mitochondria, an organelle found in all eukaryotic cells, are actually the product of two independent bacteria’s becoming one. This process is known as endosymbiosis or teamwork. Some evidence supporting the idea of endosymbiosis follows; the chloroplasts and the mitochondria are similar to bacteria in size as well as structure, both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain limited amounts of genetic material which could be from splitting, and both of these organelles are surrounded by a double membrane which suggest that the out membrane may be derived from the engulfing vesicle, and the inner

These cells can be round or irregular shapes maintained by the plasma membrane. Animal cells have certain organelles that are not found in plant cells such as centrioles, lysosomes, cilia, and flagella. All of these organelles have specific jobs to help the cell function. For example, the centrioles organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division, and the cilia aids cellular locomotion. Animal cells store energy in the structure of complex carbohydrates, and can only produce ten of the twenty amino acids needed to produce