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Difference between plant and animal cell
Plant cell vs animal cell
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What is a cell? According to Genetic Home Reference, “Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things.” There are two main branches in which a cell can be categorized. These branches are prokaryote and eukaryote. In the prokaryote category are bacteria; in the eukaryote category are plants and animals. Although plant and animal cells have a lot of differences, they also have their fair share of similarities. For instance, an animal cell has a centrosome, but so does a plant cell.
An average animal cell is made up of centrioles, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER and rough ER), golgi complex, lyosomes, microtubules, mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, necleaopore, and ribosomes. Centrioles in an animal cell are made to organize microtubules during mitosis (cell division) stage. Cytoplasm helps move stuff around in the cell and also dissolves cellular waste. The rough endoplasmic reticulum makes membranes and fluid-like protiens. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has many jobs such as carbohydrate and lipid synthesis. Next is the golgi complex, which is responsible for making, storing, and sending certain cellular products. Lysosomes have the job of breaking down cellular macromolecules. Microtubules have the main job of helping support and shape the cell. Mitochondria are what I like to call 'power houses’; they are the power producers in an animal cell. After the mitochondria is the nucleus, which according to Regina Bailey, “Contains the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's growth and reproduction.” Inside of the nucleus is the nucleolus that helps in the synthesis of ribosomes. The nucleopore allows nucleic acids and proteins to move about freely. Last but not least are the ribosomes. Ribosomes are responsible for collecting the proteins in the cell.
An average plant cell consists of a cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER and rough ER), golgi complex, microtubules, mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, nucleopore, peroxisomes, plasmodesmata, ribosomes, and vacuole. The cell membrane in a plant cell supports the cell and helps maintain the cell’s shape. The cell membrane also can control which substances can go in and out of a cell. The cell wall also protects the cell and gives the cell its shape. Chloroplasts absorb energy from the sunlight. Cytoplasm’s main job is to move around substances inside a cell and dissolves cellular waste. The cytoskeleton of a plant cell is similar to that of a cell wall because the cytoskeleton helps to maintain the cell’s shape and gives support to the cell.
The cell membrane is a structure that controls what enters and leaves the cell. In a basketball stadium, the security guards are like the cell membrane. They can say who comes in if they don’t cause any problems and are following the rules and they can reject them and make them leave if they have something they aren’t supposed to or they are doing something wrong. This is how security guards are like a plant cell’s cell membrane because the security guards control what enters and leaves the stadium like the membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell.
There are many different cells that do many different things. But all of these cells fall into two categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and are larger in size than prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus, are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells. Two of their similarities are they both have DNA as their genetic material and are covered by a cell membrane. Two main differences between these two cells are age and structure. It is believed that prokaryotic cells were the first forms on earth. They are considered primitive and originated approximately 3.5 billion years ago. Eukaryotic cells have only been around for about a billion years. There is strong evidence that suggests eukaryotic cells may be evolved from groups of prokaryotic cells that became interdependent on each other (Phenotypic analysis. (n.d.).
parts, and each part has its own job. The nucleus of a cell is very similar
This organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plants and other organisms. In the structure, the chloroplasts has a double membrane, the outer membrane has a continuous boundary. This organelle can be found in a vast group of organelles called the plastid, chloroplasts are usually found in many plant cells but never in animal cells. Chloroplasts organelles are large; they are 4-10um long and 2-3um wide. They are very important to plants because chloroplasts are what plants use to create food from sunlight. Chloroplasts are not found in humans.
The mitochondria produces food for the cell by converting energy the cell needs. The mitochondria and the nucleus are two organelles within a cell that have many of the same similarities. Both organelles are made of two membranes. These layers isolate within the organelle all things considered, yet have protein channels that permit things to go in and out. Both contain DNA material that conveys qualities that encode for proteins. Both have qualities that make ribosomes, the machines that read the guidelines in RNA to make
Cells are able to grow and reproduce. Cells reproduce by splitting and passing on their genes (hereditary information) to Daughter cells. The nucleus always divides before the rest of the cell divides. Therefore each daughter cell contains their own nucleus. The nucleus controls the cells activities through the genetic material DNA. The cells in a body are all the same except the gametes they were all made from one cell, the Zygote. This is the cell that was formed when two gametes from your parents fused.
In the second part of the book A Rose for Malinda consist of creating a depressing scenario that will make anyone cry. The book is a very short book that consists of Emails, letter and some are phone calls. These two kids are far away from each other, the summer that Jessy when to visit his father in New York and Malinda when off to a dance academy in Boston. During this time Malinda and Jesse would not talk. One day Jesse sent Malinda a letter telling her that why hasn’t she talked to him as well as how she is doing. Malinda later in the week responses and tell Jesse that she is having the best time of her life, but that she fell and hit her hip on the side of the pole while practicing her dance. That when she woke up the next day she woke
The strong cells wall prevents bursting. The cell is turgid. If plant cells lose water the cells become limp and flaccid. Water is essential for support in plants.
The mitochondria is an organelle which is generally an oval shape and is found inside the cytoplasm and is again apart of the eukaryotic cells. The main function of the mitochondria is to complete cellular respiration; in simple terms it acts like a digestive system to break down essential nutrients and to convert it into energy. This energy is usually found to in ATP which is a rich molecule taken from the energy stored in food. Furthermore, mitochondria stores calcium for signalling activities; such as heat, growth and death. They have two unique membranes and mitochondria isn’t found in human cells like the red blood cells yet liver and muscle cells are filled entirely with mitochondria.
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. But it also contains highly organized physical structures which are called intracellular organelles. These organelles are important for cellular function. For instance Mitochondria is the one of most important organelle of the cell. Without Mitochondria more than 95% of the cell’s energy, which release from nutrients would cease immediately [Guyton et al. 2007].
In the lab exercise regarding plant structure and function, we examined slides containing the different kinds of roots (monocot, dicot). We labeled the parts and pointed out the different roles of each in the plant structure. Also, we examined monocot stems and dicot stems in order to familiarize ourselves with its external and internal structures. We sketched and labeled the parts of the stem and looked closely at the positions of each part. In the last part of the lab, we classified leaves into different kinds according to their leaf venation, bases of leaves, and apices of leaves. As an additional exercise, we sketched 20 animals and classified them according to phylum and class. We were also able to discover the scientific and common names of the animals. Overall, the exercises we did enabled us to familiarize ourselves with plant structure thus, gaining a better understanding for plant life and its importance.
The Animal Cell is a little bit different than the Plant Cell for only a couple of reasons. One is how the Plant Cell has a cell wall and the Animal Cell doesn’t. The cell wall protects and gives structure to the cell. Then there is the Nucleus, which serves as a control center for the cell. Inside the Nucleus there are one or more Nucleoli. They are dense, granular bodies that disappear at the beginning of cell division and reappear at the end. Then you have the Cytoplasm. This is the watery material lying within the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus. The Cytoplasm also contains organelles, which have specific functions in the cell metabolism. Then there are the Golgi Bodies, which serve as processing, packaging, and storage for the cell. These organelles package and ship things out. Another parts of the cell, a very important one in fact, are the Lysosomes. These organelles are used to break things down and contain enzymes.
In this cell though, the nucleus was not present. The plant cells and animal cells were very different. In the plant cells there was motion of cell parts but in the animal cells there was no motion. Also, the nucleus and chloroplast of the plant cell were towards the outside of the cell because the chloroplast can receive sunlight better on the outside of the cell than on the inside. In the animal cells though, the nucleus and cell organelles, were towards the middle of the cell.
the cell make sure the water only flows up the plant, this is known as
Because cells are the ‘basic unit of life’, the study of cells, cytology, can be considered one of the most important areas of biological research. Almost every day on the evening news, we are told about new discoveries in cell biology, such as cancer research, cloning, and embryology. (https://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0073031216/student_view0/exercise3/the_importance_of_cell_biology.html) This report provides an insight into the differences in the structure of cells and the way that they carry out their internal mechanisms. Cells form the basis of all living things and they are the smallest single unit of life.