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Recommended: Fraud case study
Subject Fraud is one of Canada's most severe acts of financial criminality as the economic impact of this crime could potentially handicap an entire society. According to the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre Annual Statistic Report (CAFC), a report established to monitor fraud with the aid of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), and Competition Bureau of Canada, it reported an annual loss of 74 million dollars affecting over 14,472 victims (Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre, 2014). Given this alarming statistic, it is worrisome that we as a society still ignore or turn a blind eye towards those who commit fraud as seen in the low conviction (Canada Revenue Agency, 2014), and focus our efforts on petty thefts as seen with the high rate of convictions …show more content…
It will first do so by giving a summary of the R. v. Boghossian case and explain any relevant criminal code sections. Secondly it will connect the common themes of past literature reviews to Mr. Remy Boghossian's case. Lastly, it will apply the General Strain Theory to the case of R. v. Boghossain to further attempt to explain Mr. Boghossian's behavior. Based on the findings of the literature reviews and evidence found when applying general strain theory, it can be concluded that Mr. Boghossain's behavior parallels the behavior of people who commit …show more content…
Boghossian and his associates did indeed commit both fraud and knowingly possessing a stolen item (R. v. Boghossian, 2015a). Mr. Boghossian and his defense counsel upon hearing this judgment decided to appeal the decision made by Justice Alfred O'Marra on the ground that his rights guaranteed under the Charter of Rights and Freedom were violated. Specially his right to a trail within a reasonable amount of time guaranteed under section 11(b) as the court took over 22 months and within this time, Mr. Boghossian argued that it was unreasonably lengthy and he lost plenty of business because of it (R. v. Boghossian, 2015b). The appeal though was dismissed as they decided that section 11(b) was not infringed as 22 months was deemed as reasonable due to the complex nature of the case (R. v. Boghossian,
Schneider, Stephen. Iced: The story of organized crime in Canada. Mississauga: John Wiley and Sons, 2009.
Predominantly, strain theory can be used to explain the criminal behavior of the Homicide in Hollenbeck documentary. In the course on juveni...
How to appropriately and fairly carry out criminal justice matters is something that every country struggles with. A major reason for this struggle is the fallibility of the justice system. It is acceptable to concede that the possibility of human error in every case and investigation may lead to a wrongful conviction. In the case of David Milgaard, however, Canada's Criminal Justice System not only erred, but failed grievously, resulting in millions of dollars wasted, in a loss of public confidence in the system, and most tragically, in the robbery of two decades of one man's life. Factors including, but not limited to, the social context at the time of the crime, the social perception of deviance, the influence of the media, and the misconduct of investigating police and prosecution played a substantial role in the subsequent miscarriage of justice.
Wrongful conviction is an issue that has plagued the Canadian Justice System since it came to be. It is an issue that is hard to sort out between horrific crimes and society’s desire to find truth and justice. Incidences of wrongful conviction hit close to home right here in Saskatchewan as well as across the entire nation. Experts claim “each miscarriage of justice, however, deals a blow to society’s confidence in the legal justice system” (Schmalleger, Volk, 2014, 131). Professionals in the criminal justice field such as police, forensic analyst, and prosecutors must all be held accountable for their implications in wrongful convictions. There are several reasons for wrongful convictions such as racial bias, false confessions, jailhouse informants, eyewitness error, erroneous forensic science, inappropriate, professional and institutional misconduct and scientific limitations that society possessed prior to the technological revolution (Roberts, Grossman, 2012, 253 – 259). The introduction of more advanced DNA analysis has been able to clear names and prevent these incidences from occurring as often. As well as the formation of foundations such as The Association of Defense for the Wrongly Convicted (AIDWYC). Unfortunately, mistakes made in the Canadian Justice System have serious life altering repercussions for everyone that is involved. Both systematic and personal issues arise that require deeper and more intense analysis.
The proposal of Robert Agnew’s General Strain Theory in explaining criminal deviance is based on three concepts. The first concept is that people are not naturally inclined to commit crimes. Rather, their transition towards deviant behavior begins when they experience strain. The second concept is that once strain is present, depending on the severity of the stain, a person becomes victim to their own negative emotions like anger, jealousy, and frustration. Their response to those negative emotions may expedite their transition. The third concept looks at a person’s ability to cope with the strain and negative emotions. If a person has poor coping abilities they tend to become overwhelmed by the strain and the negative emotions they are feeling as a result of strain. Poor coping abilities may cause someone to commit crime in hopes of rectifying their situation. (Agnew, 2011)
Wrongful convictions in Canada is a very sensitive and disturbing topic that has created concerns as to why individuals are being wrongfully convicted. As people in Canada read about cases involving wrongful conviction, such as Guy Paul Morin, Rubin Carter and David Millguard, it often undermines their faith in the criminal justice system. Tunnel vision, the use of questionable DNA evidence, and eyewitness misidentification are the three main causes of wrongful convictions in Canada. Recognizing and addressing these concerns has led to a reduction in cases of wrongful convictions in Canada.
Maidment, M. (2009). When justice is a game: Unravelling wrongful convictions in Canada. Canada: Fernwood Publishing.
Griffiths, C. T. (2007). Canadian Criminal Justice: A Primer (3rd Edition ed.). Toronto: Thomson Nelson.
Reasonable people will generally go a long distance to protect their loved-ones. In the case of R v. Buzizi [2013], a man killed another so that he could protect his cousin. On an early morning in Montreal, the accused’s cousin and the victim ensued in a brawl. The initial fight was broken up by a third party, but a few moments later, the accused pushed the victim. Then, Mr. Buzizi noticed that the victim was brandishing an exacto knife, and that his cousin had a wound on his neck. For fear that the victim was going to pull out the knife again and attack his cousin or himself, the accused eventually stabbed the victim several times with his own knife. Buzizi was tried and convicted of second degree murder, but this decision was appealed
Welsh, B., & Irving, M. (2005). Crime and punishment in Canada, 1981-1999. Crime and Justice, 33, 247-294. Retrieved from http://library.mtroyal.ca:2063/stable/3488337?&Search=yes&searchText=canada&searchText=crime&list=hide&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3Dcrime%2Bin%2Bcanada%26acc%3Don%26wc%3Don&prevSearch=&item=18&ttl=33894&returnArticleService=showFullText
The strain theory by Merton helps to deepen our understanding by connecting deviance and crime in society to the antagonistic correlation between cultural goals and institutionalized means. Merton argues that deviant in society depends on two criteria or elements which are categorized by whether or not people accept institutionalized means and cultural goals of society. Most of the people in the society will be going to accept the goals as well as a means to achieve the goals, therefore, they are not deemed as breaking social norms. But some of the people that are rejected the means or goals or both (means and goals), will be considered as deviance or criminal.
Issue: Whether the male officer who scored 91% (the highest score), stand a chance at overturning the female officer’s promotion (who had the lowest score, and first female ever to be promoted as sergeant), under the present judicial views on affirmative action.
Due to the fact that performance measures play a fundamental role in such organizational decisions as pay increases, promotions, and discipline, employees who seek legal action against an organization over decisions as such, ultimately charge the organization's measurement system on which the decisions were made. In hindsight of the legal actions that employees seek, the two types of cases, discrimination and unjust dismissal, are dominant.
There are many criminological theories that attempt to explain criminal behavior or crime patterns. For instance, Agnew’s General Strain Theory can be applied to explain why the criminal John Dillinger committed various crimes. Agnew’s General Strain Theory assumes that all individuals experience strain, which, in turn, causes negative emotions that can result in legitimate or illegitimate coping, depending on an individual’s constraints or dispositions. Thus, the continuous criminal behavior throughout John Dillinger’s life can be explained using Agnew’s General Strain Theory in relation to strain, negative emotions, and dispositions.
In an Australian society with increasingly complex social and technological advances, the current issue of identity theft and fraud has progressively become more controversial and contentious. The commonly accepted definition of identity theft; the theft and use of an another individual’s identity and information, is applied to facilitate a diverse variety of criminal offences related to theft. Within the federal state of Queensland, the current legislation relating to identity theft or fraud is found in the Queensland Criminal Code and Civil Liability Amendment Act 2007. The purpose of this legislation is to protect victims while acting to prevent and prohibit acts of criminal theft from occurring.